加入WTO对中国教育的影响及其发展思路

加入WTO对中国教育的影响主要表现在教育平等和民主观念与教育法制观念方面，表现在教育标准国际化和学生素质通用性方面。加入WTO虽为中国教育提供了发展机遇，但也给中国教育带来了挑战。加入WTO后，中国教育的发展思路是：(1)提高认识，更新教育观念；(2)促进教育迈向世界；(3)探索教育市场化；(4)着力于教育创新；(5)推动教育管理标准化；(6)提高教师队伍素质；(7)树立终身教育观念；(8)发扬优秀民族化传统，加强道德建设。     

新时期德育内容新探

在新的历史时期，德育工作要根据新的时代对教育提出的新要求，在传统德育内容的基础上，积极探索以下新的内容：(1)诚信教育；(2)生存教育；(3)理财教育；(4)环保教育；(5)心理健康教育。     

提高高职旅游管理教学的建议

随着旅游的发展，旅游业已成为我国经济产业中的一个举足轻重的行业。旅游业的发展大大促进了旅游教育的发展。现在旅游教育已具有相当规模，其中高职教育占有一定比例。但旅游传统教育观念、教育模式和方法与旅游人才市场需求相脱节，表现出不适应的现象。比如：有些高职院校的专业设置脱离实际，难以满足社会多样化的需求；毕业生的职业道德、职业素质不高，难以满足岗位需求；毕业生求职观念和方法不正确，难于适应市场经济条件下就业形势的变化等等，所有这些直接影响着高职毕业生的就业。为了高职院校培养的学生能更好地适应社会需求，笔者针对旅游管理的教师教学提出以下建议。     

关于湖南旅游教育发展战略的思考

本文围绕发展湖南旅游教育这一主题，分析了现实背景，论述了重要意义；指出了目前存在的困难和问题；提出了发展思路与对策。认为，面对旅游市场的激烈竞争和旅游业对人才的需求，应当将旅游人才培养纳入旅游发展战略大系统中进行策划，积极发展我省的旅游教育，为湖南的旅游业发展提供人才保证。为湖南的经济腾飞服务。     

国外旅游教育的特点及对福建旅游教育的启示

总结了国外,特别是西方发达国家的旅游教育的特点。在分析了福建旅游教育现状和存在问题的基础上,阐述了发达国家旅游教育对福建旅游教育启示:(1)改革现行福建旅游院校的招生制度;(2)确立明确的福建旅游人才培养目标和清晰的培养层次;(3)构建"政府引导、协会主导、市场运作"的福建旅游教育机制;(4)对接福建旅游业发展,打造福建特色旅游教育。     

成人高等教育学生的创新教育问题研究

创新教育是素质教育的灵魂和核心．更是成人高等教育学生素质教育的灵魂和核心。面对21世纪知识经济时代的挑战，对成人高等教育学生实施创新教育，已成为成人高等教育改革的当务之急和必然趋势。因此，必须对成人高等教育学生实施创新教育：(一)实现创新教育观念现代化；(二)实现创新教育内容现代化；(三)实现创新教育手段现代化；(四)实现创新教育队伍现代化；(五)实现创新教育管理现代化。     

关于湖南旅游教育发展战略的思考

本文围绕发展湖南旅游教育这一主题，分析了现实背景，论述了重要意义；指出了目前存在的困难和问题；提出了发展思路与对策。认为，面对旅游市场的激烈竞争和旅游业对人才的需求，应当将旅游人才培养纳入旅游发展战略大系统中进行策划，积极发展我省的旅游教育，为湖南的旅游业发展提供人才保证。为湖南的经济腾飞服务。     

“洛管模式”对中国酒店经理人教育培训的启示

比照瑞士洛桑酒店管理学院的教育培训模式，从社会、旅游学院、旅游企业三方面分析造成中国酒店经理人教育培训“学用脱节”、“重量轻质”等问题的原因，并探讨相应对策：改革旅游教育的办学理念与模式；明确培养目标，科学合理地设置课程体系与能力结构，优化师资队伍；创办企业大学等。     

转型中的高师课程改革应注意的几个问题

面对中国加入WTO后的国际教育发展形势，面对新一轮基础教育课程改革，处于转型中的高师教育必须注意七个问题：(1)学科专业教育的高学术性；(2)教育课程设置的国际化；(3)重视资讯科技教育；(4)强调通识教育；(5)广开选修课；(6)改进教学内容和教学方法；(7)调整教学计划和课程结构。     

关于当前我国旅游教育发展的几点思考

文章就当前我国旅游教育的现状和问题及国际旅游教育的发展趋势作了具体分析，提出当前我国旅游教育应改变旅游教育单体薄弱的局面，改革旅游教育的教学模式，树立旅游教育新理念，确立明确的培养目标和清晰的培养层次，加强师资队伍建设等思路。     

我国大学教师职业认同现状的调查与分析

本研究对441名大学教师职业认同状况进行了问卷调查,结果显示:(1)我国大学教师职业认同总体水平一般;(2)大学教师的职业认同中,职业价值认同明显低于职业能力、职业情感、职业地位认同;(3)教授、助教、副教授的职业情感认同高于讲师;(4)教师的职业能力认同存在显著的学历差异,学历越高,其职业能力认同水平越高;(5)职业价值认同存在显著的教龄和职称的交互效应;(6)不同职称教师在能力认同上存在显著的教龄差异。     

The accommodation of contested identities: The impact of participation in a practice-based masters programme on beginning teachers’ professional identity and sense of agency

Teachers' professional training and development has been the focus of intense academic and political debate. This paper contributes to this by considering Beginning Teachers' (BTs') self-views of their professional identity. The findings are derived from a mixed methods study with questionnaires (n = 886) and focus groups and interviews (n = 60) with BTs in Wales. Drawing on a socio-cultural approach, the findings illustrate how BTs’ integration of competing professional identities bolstered their sense of professional agency. These findings have salience within a policy context where both teacher education and professional development are increasingly aligned with the narrow organizational objectives of the school.     

Teaching practice in Initial Teacher Education: its impact on student teachers' professional skills and development

This paper describes the main gains resulting from student teachers' first contact with the teaching profession. The Inventory of Experiences and Perceptions at Teaching Practice (IEPTP) was used to assess the range of experiences of a sample of 224 student teachers on five dimensions of teaching practice: (1) learning and professional development; (2) professional and institutional socialisation; (3) socio‐emotional aspects; (4) support/resources/supervision; and (5) vocational development. The results describe the main changes occurring in the student teachers' perceptions between the beginning and the end of teaching practice. They also suggest more significant changes in the areas of vocational development, professional and institutional socialisation, and learning and professional development. Strategies to promote student teachers' learning process and to decrease the difficulties emerging during this period are suggested. Supervisors' role in fostering and supporting the new candidates' professional and personal growth is also addressed.     

Retired academics and professional activity: A British-American comparison

This study investigated the professional activities of retired academics from two old civic universities in Great Britain, and compared the findings to those of recent studies of retired academics from a major state university in the United States (Dorfman, 1980, 1981). A high degree of similarity was found between the two groups of academics: (1) a large majority continued to perform professional roles and participate in professional activities in retirement; (2) there was a striking degree of consistency between pre- and postretirement professional activity levels; (3) the most consistent predictors of both total level and rate of professional activity in retirement were level of professional activity during the preretirement career and ties to professional organizations outside the University.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the thirteenth International Congress of Gerontology, New York City, July 1985.     

Understanding student teachers’ professional identity transformation through metaphor: an international perspective

This paper traces 120 student teachers’ professional identity transformation during practicums in China and US. By eliciting the participants’ 240 written metaphors at the start and the end of the teaching practicums respectively, this study reveals the change of the embodied metaphors revolving around four arenas: (1) from idealistic expectations of teachers’ roles to authentic perceptions; (2) from the felt inadequacy of professional knowledge and capability in teaching to varying professional growth; (3) from the transition shock to professional identity adjustment; and (4) the dynamic relationship with the school-based mentors. Meanwhile, this project found that the Chinese and American student teachers’ professional identity transformation is a continuous process of interpretation and re-interpretation of professional experiences, which involves the interaction between person and socio-political context. The process is also idiosyncratic and is replete with identity construction. Implications for facilitating student teachers’ professional identity transformation are discussed.     

影响教师职业认同的相关因素分析

In order to evaluate the present state of teachers’ professional identity (TPI), 177 teachers in primary and secondary schools in Zibo of Shandong Province of China were surveyed by a questionnaire designed by the authors. The results reveals: (1) high professional identity for the overall level of teachers; (2) significant difference in genders and titles of professional positions; (3) significant difference between primary and secondary school teachers; (4) significant difference in professional motivations and satisfaction degrees of salaries among teachers. __________ Translated from Xinli Fazhan Yu Jiaoyu 心理发展与教育 (Psychology Development and Education), 2006, (1): 80–86     

Colleagues’ roles in the professional development of teachers: Results from a research study of National Board certification

This study investigated the nature of interaction among teachers that occurred around the National Board certification (NBC) process and how that collegial interaction influenced teachers’ professional development. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 14 teachers who were either considering NBC, in the process, or had been awarded NBC. Interview data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. Results indicated that teacher interactions triggered by NBC helped one another's professional development in several ways: (a) enhancing reflection on teaching practice, (b) establishing a professional discourse community, (c) raising the standards for teaching performances, and (d) facilitating collaboration. Implications for teacher professional development were discussed.     

The professional role and identity of teachers in the private and state education sectors

Abstract

This paper compares the professional role and identity of teachers in private and state schools. It brings together theory within the sociology of the professions and approaches influenced by Basil Bernstein. It utilises his work on recontextualisation to identify the nature of teachers’ professional role; and Beck and Young’s (2010) Bernstein-influenced analytical framework to understand changes in these teachers’ professional identity. Drawing on focussed qualitative research the study shows how, within private schools, when cloistered from the Official Recontextualising Field (ORF) an idealized account of teachers’ professional work flourishes. This idealized understanding of occupational professionalism is contingent on the ‘othering’ of the state sector: to do this private-school teachers adopt a deprofessionalization discourse which represents the state teacher as a passive receiver of the ORF. In contrast, state teachers foreground their agency to negotiate competing professional logics which they express through hybrid approaches to professional practice.     

Professional Learning Communities: Bridging the Technology Integration Gap Through Effective Professional Development

ABSTRACT

While technology is prevalent in American classrooms, meaningful technology integration remains an issue, indicating a lack of effective professional development. Unlike the typical workshop model, professional learning communities (PLCs) utilize teacher-centered approaches to professional development. Kolb’s experiential learning theory, Bandura’s self-efficacy theory, and the expectancy-value model work together to provide the theoretical foundation supporting professional development through PLCs. This article proposes a plan for transformative technology integration using a PLC model for professional development.     

大学生专业认同、择业焦虑与择业自我效能感的关系——基于广西6所高校的调查

使用大学生择业焦虑问卷、专业认同问卷和择业效能感量表对广西6所高校844名在校大学生进行测量,以探讨大学生专业认同、择业焦虑与择业自我效能感的关系,结果显示:①大学生专业认同、择业效能感和择业焦虑在性别、年级上均存在显著差异,在生源地上差异不显著;②大学生专业认同与自我效能感之间呈显著正相关(r=0.43,P<0.01),自我效能感与择业焦虑之间呈显著负相关(r=-0.35,P<0.01),专业认同与择业焦虑呈负相关(r=-0.26,P<0.01);③大学生专业认同正向预测择业效能感(β=0.31,P<0.01),择业效能感负向预测择业焦虑(β=-0.27,P<0.01),专业认同负向预测择业焦虑(β=-0.13,P<0.05),从中介效应来看,大学生自我效能感在专业认同对择业焦虑的影响中起部分中介作用。由此可知,大学生专业认同与择业焦虑关系密切,择业效能感在专业认同与择业焦虑中起部分中介作用。