论我国高等学校领导权力分治与统整

高等学校领导权力对学校各方面工作的影响是直接的、巨大的。由于我国高校领导干部制度存在一些问题,高校领导权力的分配、运用和协调也不可避免地存在一些弊端,其中突出地表现为领导权力分治。领导权力分治不仅不利于高校基层各学科专业学术的自主发展,不利于激发各院系所中心领导和广大教职工的工作责任感和积极性,而且造成学校工作的有机联系被分割,难以从整体上进行协调,造成一些高校有的校领导在自己所主管的工作范围内专权,从而在学校形成多个权力中心。因此,改革高校领导干部制度,加强高校领导权力的统整,是优化高校领导权力结构,提高领导效率,促进学校工作协调发展的迫切要求。     

大学校长治校的机理探究

大学校长治校的基本结构有内部结构和外部结构。外部结构主要指影响大学校长治校的内外部环境,主要包括大学的状态（即内部环境）和外部环境这两方面。内部结构主要是指大学校长作为个体有效治校的构成,包括治校思想（教育思想和管理思想）和治校艺术（领导艺术）,它们之间相互共同作用于运行中的大学以及大学存在的当时环境。     

我国高等教育管理体制70年探索历程及其展望

70年来,我国高等教育管理体制经历了一系列的改革和调整。20世纪50年代,我国高等教育管理体制从集中统一领导体制转变为统一领导、分级管理体制;自20世纪80年代中期开始,我国持续推进以转变政府相关职能、扩大高等学校办学自主权为目标的高等教育管理体制改革,取得了若干阶段性重要成果。实现高等教育治理体系和治理能力现代化是我国高等教育管理体制改革的新愿景,为此我们要以国家行政体制的深层变革为基础,在高等教育管理体制上取得实质性改革突破。     

Shifting norms and expectations for medical school leaders: a textual analysis of career advertisements 2000–2004 cf. 2010–2014

Leadership norms and expectations are continually evolving in higher education. Medical education is no exception to that trend, but shifts over time are intangible and difficult to measure. To explore emerging changes, the authors conducted a textual analysis of published career advertisements from 2000–2004 and 2010–2014. While a number of common themes united both time frames, new expectations emerge over a relatively brief period of time. The language of contemporary career advertisements conveys a landscape of leadership that is more collaborative, transparent, community-centred, accountable and team-based. This shift is significant, but perhaps less provocative than the absent discourses and contradictions. Despite the new leadership profile in 2010–2014, there is no mention of the important change management role required to guide organisational changes underway. Another contradiction relates to credentials. The contemporary advertisements fail to convey an updated career pathway and skill preparation aligned with the new leadership demands.     

女大学教师与工作相关的压力源研究

中国正处在急剧的社会转型期,在此过程中,大学教师面对更高的发展要求和现实挑战。研究性大学中,教师的压力更为明显。本研究在七所研究性大学中发放了500多份问卷,结果显示,总的来看,男女大学教师在工作和生活上面对较大压力,最主要的压力源来自外在的职业回报和内在的职业发展与研究需要。研究还证明女教师在事业与生活的冲突、职业发展和性别障碍三个方面比男教师遇到更大的压力和挑战。     

高等学校管理中几个问题的新解析

对高校管理中的一般问题赋予新的见解,也是管理创新的重要内容。就“问题解决者”的困境、长期行为对初始条件的敏感依赖、慢变量支配快变量、悖论的实质是一种思辨、控制中的“有问题推断”和交往中的尊重原则等问题进行新的解析,有利于高校管理者观念的更新。     

Quality criteria of research perceived by academics in social sciences at higher education

The purpose of this study is to examine the problem of research quality in social sciences at higher education. Quality of research produced at higher education started to be questioned more often as research became the major factor determining academics＇ promotion and fund allocation to universities. In the study, we aimed to reveal how academics perceive research quality and what they identify as the main problems that make it difficult to achieve quality in research. Data were collected through interviews with 25 academics from 7 disciplines （educational sciences, sociology, communicational sciences, law, history, management and political science） in 7 universities. Six of the academics interviewed were professors, 7 were associate professors, 10 were assistant professors and 2 were doctors. Interviews were carried out in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008 academic years, and each lasted about one hour on average. Data collected were analyzed through content analysis. Study findings revealed that academics referred most often to methodological issues as the most important quality criterion of research, followed by issues of theoretical background and originality. Academics definitions of sub-criteria related to these were tackled in more detail in the study. As the most important hindrances that make it difficult to achieve quality in research academics mentioned lack of a long-established research culture, problems of research resources and the pressure caused by academic promotion criteria. Some recommendations related to the problems were made to develop research quality in the light of the study findings.     

Accountability in higher education: Bridge over troubled water?

This article discusses the impact ofaccountability on higher education policies inEurope and the United States. We describe howthe accountability movement relates to otherpolicy trends in higher education, providingempirical data on how accountability wasimplemented and how academics and managers infour universities perceived these policies. Weclose the article with a reflection on theobserved shift from professional to politicalaccountability that uses `soft' mechanisms thatseem to offer little change in the quality ofeducation in these countries.     

高等教育管理研究的困境与出路

改革开放以来,我国高等教育管理研究面临着如何彰显高等教育管理学科特色和提高理论服务实践水平的双重困境。对此,提高研究队伍专业化水平,关注当前我国高等教育大发展中的重大现实问题,批判、借鉴西方高等教育管理理论与创建中国特色高等教育管理理论体系相结合,将是新世纪我国高等教育管理研究取得突破性进展的根本出路所在。     

Executive power and scaled-up gender subtexts in Australian entrepreneurial universities

Deputy Vice Chancellor and Pro Vice Chancellor positions have proliferated in response to the global, corporatised university landscape [Scott, G., S. Bell, H. Coates, and L. Grebennikov. 2010. “Australian Higher Education Leaders in Times of Change: The Role of Pro Vice Chancellor and Deputy Vice Chancellor.” Journal of Higher Education Policy and Management 32 (4): 401–418]. Senior leadership is the sphere where academic and management identities are negotiated and values around the role of the university are decided. This paper examines the changing and gendered nature of the senior leadership setting and its implications for diversity in and of university leadership. The analysis draws from a three-year empirical study funded by the Australian Research Council on leadership in Australian universities. It focuses on executive leaders in three universities – one which is research-intensive, the second, in a regional site, and the third, university of technology. The article argues that the university landscape and its management systems are being restructured in gendered ways. It utilises the notion of organisational gender subtexts to make explicit how gender works through structural and cultural reform.     

Academics’ Perceptions of Good Teaching: Assessing the Degree of Parity with Student Evaluation of Teaching Questionnaires

ABSTRACT

There is a dearth of studies on academics’ perceptions of good teaching in transitional economies such as Uganda and the degree of parity between academics’ conceptions of good teaching and the items in the student evaluation of teaching (SET) questionnaires. Against this backdrop, the article reports on a study that explored how academics at Makerere University, Uganda, perceive good teaching and compared the resultant perceptions with the items in the SET questionnaires. The study employed a qualitative approach and data was collected by using semi-structured interviews and reviewing documents. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the data from the interviews while the data from the documents was analysed using content analysis. The findings showed that academics perceive good teaching as: being knowledgeable; being student-centred; demonstrating good communication skills; undertaking research-based teaching; demonstrating professionalism; being approachable; and being organised. Finally, the findings demonstrated a convergence between academics’ perceptions of good teaching and most of the items in the SET questionnaires.     

College presidents' role performance and faculty satisfaction

This research analyzed faculty evaluations of college presidents' role performance with the intent of identifying underlying dimensions and to ask further which dimensions predicted faculty satisfaction with presidents. Data were gathered from 896 faculty members from two technical colleges, three community colleges, two private universities and three public universities in a Western state. The factor analysis revealed three relatively independent dimensions of the presidential role: personal-public image, faculty and student interaction with presidents, and absence of autocratic leadership style. The personal-public image was the most important dimension and predicted faculty satisfaction across the four types of institutions of higher learning. Faculty-student interaction with the president, while not as important a dimension of the presidential role, predicted faculty satisfaction in three institutional types, but not in public universities. The absence of autocratic leadership style predicted satisfaction in community and technical colleges.