Fast evaluation of degradation degree of organic coatings by analyzing electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data

The degradation coefficient is proposed to evaluate the degradation degree of organic coatings by directly analyzing the Bode plots of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data.This paper investigated the degradation of phenolic epoxy coating/tinplate system by EIS and the degradation coefficient value,which correlates well with the results of breakpoint frequency and variation of phase angle at 10 Hz.Furthermore,the degradation process was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM).It is concluded that degradation coefficient can be used for the fast evaluation of degradation degree of organic coatings in practical applications.     

非晶态MgsoNi50氢化物电极的充放电滞后特性

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Corrosion rate and scale of cast iron in water distribution systems

A specialised electrochemical measurement cell was plugged into a pilot water distribution system to simulate the pipe inner-wall corrosion. The linear polarisation resistance(LPR) technique and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) were measured in real time to study the variation of the corrosion rate(CR) and scale of cast iron. Three corrosion stages were observed according to the LPR analysis: an initial stage with significantly fluctuating CR, a developmental stage with slowly decreasing CR, and a stable stage with a low CR of approximately 0.157 5 mm·a~(-1). The EIS revealed that the scales with a compact outer layer and a porous inner layer finally formed in the stable stage, and the polarisation resistance was approximately 2 175 ?·cm~2. A physicochemical analysis of the scales showed that ferric oxides, oxyhydroxides and calcite made the outer layer compact and effectively limited the diffusion of oxygen through the scales, which resulted in a low CR.     

铜浸镀锡层形成过程分析

以硫脲作为电位调整剂,以甲烷磺酸锡为主盐的酸性溶液作为镀液,采用浸镀法在铜基材上制备了锡镀层.采用场发射扫描电子显微术(FESEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)表征锡镀层的组织结构,根据数码相机微距照片进行宏观分析.研究表明.该镀液体系浸镀锡可以获得光滑而致密的浸锡层,无枝晶形成.该镀层主要相结构为体心四方的白锡.镀层的形成可分为锡晶粒的剧烈瞬间形核、平面层状生长和镀层致密化排列3个阶段.     

镁合金上化学Ni-P-硬质氧化物复合镀层

结合溶胶-凝胶法和化学镀方法,于镁合金基材表面成功制备了均匀的复合Ni-P-SiO_2/TiO_2/Al_2O_3镀层,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、光学显微镜(OM)、摩擦磨损试验及电化学方法,对比研究了Mg基材、基础Ni-P镀层与3种复合镀层的显微组织结构、耐磨性及耐腐蚀性。结果表明,加入3种溶胶所制备的复合镀层较Mg基材大幅度提高耐磨性和耐腐蚀性;3种复合镀层较Ni-P镀层具有更加均匀、致密的显微形貌,减少了直接加入纳米粉末的团聚,同时耐磨和耐蚀性改善。其中Ni-P-SiO_2复合镀层具有较高的显微硬度(HV513)和最低的摩擦系数(0.34),最高的腐蚀电位(-1.18V)及较小的腐蚀电流密度(9.5×10~(-3)mA·cm~(-2))。综合制备最佳工艺,并考虑节能减排因素,Ni-P-SiO_2复合镀层可作为性能优良的Mg合金耐磨、耐腐蚀镀层使用,于实际工业生产大有裨益。     

Degradation process of coated tinplate by phase space reconstruction theory

The degradation process of organosol coated tinplate in beverage was investigated by electrochemical noise (EN) technique combined with morphology characterization.EN data were analyzed using phase space reconstruction theory.With the correlation dimensions obtained from the phase space reconstruction,the chaotic behavior of EN was quantitatively evaluated.The results show that both electrochemical potential noise (EPN) and electrochemical current noise (ECN) have chaotic properties.The correlation dimensions of EPN increase with corrosion extent,while those of ECN seem nearly unchanged.The increased correlation dimensions of EPN during the degradation process are associated with the increased susceptibility to local corrosion.     

环保型铝合金表面无铬化学转化膜的制备及其性能

室温下,以Ti（S04）22-6g／L,H2021-2g／L,NaF3-5g／L,EDTA2-6g／L为转化液的主要成分,加入1-2g／LCe（N03）3 ．6H20促进转化膜的致密性和均匀性,控制转化液pH4．0-4．5,转化处理10min,在样品表面制备一层化学转化膜．通过中性盐雾测试和电化学测试表征转化膜的耐蚀性,采用冷场发射扫描电镜（SEM）观察转化膜的微观形貌,X射线能谱仪（EDS）分析转化膜的化学成分．结果表明：该转化膜耐蚀性优艮,EDS能谱分析得出这层颗粒状物质主要由Na,A1,F元素和少量的Mg,Ti,O元素组成,推断转化膜的主要成分为Na3AIF6,铈盐起到促进转化膜致密性和均匀性的作用．     

甲基磺酸盐体系中的铜箔缎面镀锡

在以甲基磺酸锡为主盐、硫脲为电位调整剂的镀液体系中,在铜箔上制备了呈缎面光泽的均匀锡镀层.镀覆过程,用电偶电流法进行了分析;对所得镀层的显微组织结构,采用FE-SEM和XRD进行研究.结果表明,在该镀液体系中浸镀锡,镀覆过程迅速而平稳,所得锡镀层具有体心四方的晶体结构,镀层显微形貌为均匀分布的颗粒状形态.     

球磨工艺对活性炭孔结构及电化学性能的影响

The effects of particle size of activated carbon （AC） on its wettability, electrode coating technology and electric chemical performance were studied to assemble nonaqueous electric double layer capacitors （EDLCs） for high power requirements. The results show that the specific surface area and total pore volume of AC decrease from 2 137 m^2/g to 1 683 m^2/g, and 0.95 cm^3/g to 0.78 cm^3/g, respectively, if it is ball-milled for 8 h. The pore size distributions are similar in the range of 0.7 nm to 3.5 nm for different ball-milling time. There exists oxidation on the surface of AC during the ball-milling process and the ratios of O-C=O oxygen compositions increase whereas those of C-O, C=O decrease. The peeling strength of AC coated on current collector is almost inverse proportion with the particle size of AC as well as the resistance of EDLCs, and its capacitance decreases about 6%.     

Q235钢在不同湿度的青海盐湖盐渍土壤中的腐蚀行为

利用极化曲线技术、电化学阻抗测试技术、扫描电镜和表面能谱等方法．研究了Q235钢在不同湿度的两种青海盐湖边盐渍土壤中的腐蚀行为．试验结果表明，湿度对Q235钢腐蚀的影响显著．随着土壤湿度的增加，Q235钢在盐湖盐渍土壤中的腐蚀速率也增加，当含水量增大到10％～15％时．腐蚀速率达到最大，然后腐蚀速率随着湿度增加而减小；Q235钢在这两种盐渍土壤中，在同一湿度时，盐含量高的土壤腐蚀较快．     

电化学工作站在电路板表面镀锡研究中的应用

在电化学工作站上采用电偶电流测试的方法,研究以硫脲作为电位调整剂,在印刷电路板表面浸镀锡(I-Sn)的过程.采用FE-SEM观察锡镀层的显微形貌.结果证明,这种方法用来研究电路板上的浸镀金属过程是切实可行的,可以确定镀覆工艺的终了点.此方法所确定的浸镀锡工艺,可以获得致密、晶粒细小而均匀的镀层.     

Applying ellipsometry to studying the effect of two kinds of rare earth metal salts on anodizing aluminum alloy

1.IntroductionDuringthepastyears,avarietyofsurfacetreatmentshavebeenusedtoincreasecorrosionresistanceofaluminumalloys.SinceHintonandhiscolleaguesfirstreportedthecorrosioninhibitionwithrareearthmetalsaltsforAA7075aluminumalloys[1],muchattentionhasbeenpaidtotheroleofrareearthadditivesintheareaofsurfacetreatmentsofaluminumanditsalloys.However,mostoftheseresearchesfocusedonrareearthconversioncoatingsformedbychemicalconversionmethods[2-8],theapplicationofrareearthmetalsaltsinanodizingofaluminumall…     

Cr12MoV钢电火花沉积工艺研究

电火花沉积工艺（ESD）是一种微弧焊工艺,电极材料沉积到基体表面,并于基体呈冶金结合．本文以冷作模具钢Cr12MoV为基体材料,利用电火花沉积对局部区域进行修复．研究了影响沉积层质量和沉积率的工艺参数,其中包括电容、电压和保护气．实验结果显示,虽然随着电容和电压的增大,沉积率提高,但同时也会使沉积层中的微裂纹和孔洞增加．因此,只有合理选择沉积工艺参数,才能达到一定沉积率的同时保证沉积层的质量．     

电火花表面沉积技术

电火花沉积工艺（ESD）是一种脉冲微弧焊工艺,用高电流的短脉冲把电极材料沉积到基体金属表面,微量的电极材料在脉冲等离子弧的作用下熔化并在基体表面快速固化形成涂层,涂层与基体表面材料呈冶金结合。电火花沉积工艺不仅可以用来填充零件的破损区域,还可以用在表面涂层。对于修复,大部分可以在现场进行,而且只需很短的时间。电火花涂层适合用于高应力、高温、易磨损、易腐蚀等的恶劣的环境下。文中对该工艺的原理、优点、缺点以及研究的热点进行了详细介绍。     

芒果树叶提取物对A3钢在酸性介质中缓蚀性能的研究

分别用浸泡法、加热回流萃取法从芒果树叶中提取天然缓蚀剂,并采用失重法、极化曲线法研究各种方法的提取物在室温下酸性介质中对A3钢的缓蚀性能。实验结果表明,两种方法所得植物缓蚀剂均属于混合型缓蚀剂,其中加热回流萃取法所得缓蚀剂缓蚀效果较优,缓蚀率最高可达90.11%。     

用于金属腐蚀防护聚苯胺薄膜的研究

聚苯胺作为一种新型的金属腐蚀防护材料,成为当前的一个研究热点.分别用原位聚合法和恒电位法在不锈钢表面合成导电聚苯胺,采用阳极极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱测试等方法研究它对不锈钢在3.5%NaCl溶液中的抗腐蚀能力,并用红外光谱和X射线衍射分析其结构.结果表明,覆有聚苯胺的不锈钢在3.5%NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电位和极化电阻都明显增大,说明聚苯胺膜的存在明显减慢了不锈钢在氯化钠溶液中的腐蚀速度.     

激光熔覆中熵合金铁钴镍涂层的工艺及组织性能

用高能球磨制备等原子比铁(Fe)钴(Co)镍(Ni)铁镍钴复合粉体,用激光熔覆方法制备复合粉铁镍钴体合金涂层。用OM、HV、XRD、SEM、EDS、SVET等对复合粉体及熔覆合金层进行了组织表征及性能测试。结果表明,复合粉体经3 h高能球磨后均匀细化,平均尺寸从35μm到15μm左右,镍晶格有一定畸变,有新相Co3Fe7产生;用优化后的激光熔覆工艺激光功率2000 W,激光扫描速度10 mm/s,保护Ar气流速度12 L/min制备中熵熔覆合金FeCoNi涂层;XRD、SEM、EDS表明熔覆层合金是单一的面心立方(FCC)相,Fe,Co,Ni成分均匀分布,没有金属间化合物产生;熔覆层的HV约是243,在0.5 mol/L氯化钠溶液中熔覆层的SVET表明耐腐蚀性能好。     

片式叠层陶瓷电容器（MLCC）中纯锡可焊镀层的研究

针对当前国内外无铅化趋势的要求,简单比较了多种锡系合金可焊镀层的优缺点,提出纯锡可焊镀层的研究方向,并开发出一种纯锡电镀的添加剂,最后从外观、可耐焊、润湿效果、加速氧化、端头拉力等方面,对Sn-Pb镀层和纯锡镀层进行了比较,发现纯锡镀层的各种性能均不弱于Sn-Pb镀层,部分性能还要优于Sn-Pb镀层.另外,本文对各种焊膏的性能也作了比较.     

煤气及杂质对燃气管道内壁的腐蚀及预防措施

由于焦炉煤气气体中含多种具有腐蚀性的杂质,在输送和使用过程中,对煤气管道和设备内壁会造成一定程度的腐蚀。结合腐蚀机理,从酸性化学腐蚀、电化学腐蚀、磨损与应力腐蚀三个角度,对煤气中的主要成分和杂质对煤气管道造成的腐蚀进行了分析,并提出了针对性的措施。     

不同Co含量对超音速火焰喷涂WC-xCo-3Cr涂层组织和性能的影响

通过超音速火焰喷涂工艺在Cr12模具钢表面上喷涂制备了WC-x Co-3Cr(x=8,10,12,14)涂层,并采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、显微硬度仪和摩擦磨损试验机表征分析涂层的微观结构、显微硬度、耐磨损性能和耐腐蚀性,考察了不同Co含量对涂层组织和性能的影响。结果表明,Cr12模具钢超音速火焰喷涂后表面的耐磨损性能比喷涂前的基体耐磨损性能有较大的提高;表面硬度在不同程度上都得到提高,界面结合良好,其中WC-10Co-3Cr涂层的组织致密性最好、显微硬度最高、耐磨损及耐腐蚀性能最好。