膨润土及改性膨润土在重金属废水处理中的应用研究进展

介绍了膨润土和改性膨润土在含铅、铜、铬和其他重金属废水处理中的应用进展,总结了膨润土和改性膨润土在重金属废水处理中存在的问题,并展望了其应用前景。     

有机改性膨润土负载羟基氧化铁处理含铬（VI）废水

以具有良好吸附性能的有机膨润土作为载体制备有机改性膨润土负载羟基氧化铁,并用制备的复合吸附剂对含铬（VI）废水进行吸附实验。结果表明,改性膨润土的质量分数为3％时,Cr（Ⅵ）废水去除效果较好。当复合吸附剂的投加量为1.0g,温度为25℃,振荡时间为4h时,对含10mg/L的Cr（Ⅵ）废水去除率达98.37%。     

有机改性膨润土负载羟基氧化铁处理含铬(Ⅵ)废水

以具有良好吸附性能的有机膨润土作为载体制备有机改性膨润土负载羟基氧化铁,并用制备的复合吸附剂对含铬(VI)废水进行吸附实验。结果表明,改性膨润土的质量分数为3‰时,Cr(Ⅵ)废水去除效果较好。当复合吸附剂的投加量为1.0g,温度为25℃,振荡时间为4h时,对含10mg/L的Cr(Ⅵ)废水去除率达98.37%。     

合作学习--一种有效学习的策略

合作学习是新课程大力倡导的主要学习方式之一 ,本文结合化学教学实际从精心设计讨论问题、把握合作学习时机和明确个人责任等方面进行了论述 ,以促进学生有效地合作学习。     

一种有效的全局优化算法--模拟退火算法

模拟退火算法是有效的全局优化算法,本文讨论了模拟退火算法发展过程及其理论依据,利用MAT-LAB语言编写程序并测试分析,认为算法本身可进一步改进,提出了算法改进思路和方法.     

一种适合肥胖人用的补钙剂--丙酮酸钙

本文介绍了一种既可以减肥又能补钙的新型食品添加剂。     

D指数--一种有效的业绩评估指标

基金的绩效评估对于基金业的运作非常重要。目前国内外评估投资基金的投资绩效的指标主要有两类，一是评估基金的未经风险调整的收益率，另一则是评估风险调整之后的收益率。本建立了一种新的综合业绩评估指标——D指数，并通过对中国证券市场上全部54只封闭式基金的业绩评估的实证分析之后得出D指数是一种可以替代夏普指数的有效的综合业绩评估指标。     

有机改性膨润土的吸附性能研究

将有机改性膨润土用于吸附重金属Hg^2＋离子和有机污染物苯酚,实验结果表明膨润土有机改性后,吸附重金属离子和有机污染物能力增强,其中巯基改性样品的吸附性能又优于氨基改性的样品．有机改性膨润土对污染物稀溶液的吸附能力强于浓溶液,再生样品的吸附性能有所降低．     

水处理用膨润土的改性方法研究进展

介绍了膨润土的提纯、活化、阳离子交换改型、柱撑膨润土、有机膨润土和无机有机膨润土的制备等方面研究的新进展,同时总结了目前膨润土改性中存在的问题,并对其发展前景进行了展望．     

"故意出错"--一种有效的教学技术

“你在教学中出过错吗?”面对这样一个简单的问题,恐怕经验再丰富的教师都不可能给出否定的回答。尽管课前深入备课,精心设计,但面对动态的课堂,面对日益活跃的学生出现些意外的错误似乎不可避免。《人民教育》2003年第17期中的一篇论《让课堂上的“错误”成为一种课程资源》对这种现象进行了剖析。它指出,出现错误之后科学的处置方法往往会带来意想不到的效果：     

Surfactant scouring wastewater modified bentonites——promising material for unmanageable wastewater treatment

1IntroductionIn recent years,tri meric quaternary ammoniumsur-factants,which have three hydrophobic and three hy-drophilic groups connected bytwo spacer chains,havebeen developed[1-5].The tri meric surfactants appearunique physicochemical properties such …     

膨润土复合无机高分子絮凝剂的制备及其在淀粉废水处理中的应用

以天然无机高分子材料膨润土为原料,应用化学改性方法,制备了膨润土复合无机高分子絮凝剂和自配膨润土复合无机高分子絮凝剂,并将其应用于淀汾废水处理,取得了较好效果,处理后的淀粉废水清澈透明,由实验可以得出结论淀粉废水中悬浮物COD的去除,受溶液的pH值影响较明,pH值越低效果越好.     

On an ecology-friendly treatment reagent for oily wastewater

Bioflocculants have received increasing attention in research because they are low cost, non-toxic, biodegradable, operationally simple and useful in many water and wastewater treatment applications. In this study, we focused mainly on the screening of the flocculant-producing strain and its application in oily wastewater treatment. Bacteria strain B-6-1 was isolated by the pyridine screening method. UPC-1 reagent produced by B-6-1 had efficient flocculating activity. It was deduced that the main component of UPC-1 reagent was polysaccharide through purification and analysis. The influence of dosage of reagent, pH value, temperature and oil concentration on the flocculation effect of UPC-1 reagent was investigated.     

Experimental study on micro-electrolysis technology for pharmaceutical wastewater treatment

Experiments were conducted to study the role of micro-electrolysis in removing chromaticity and COD and improving the biodegradability of pharmaceutical wastewater. The results showed that the use of micro-electrolysis technology could remove more than 90% of chromaticity and more than 50% of COD and greatly improved the biodegradability of pharmaceutical wastewater. Lower initial pH could be advantageous to the removal of chromaticity. A retention time of 30 minutes was recommended for the process design of microelectrolysis.     

IC多功能污水厌氧实验装置的研制

研制了一种用于生活污水或有机工业废水厌氧处理研究的多功能实验装置，该装置可作为IC反应器和UASB反应器分别用于研究在一定的处理效果下的工艺参数的确定、运行参数的确定、颗粒污泥特性研究、三相分离器性能研究、环形布水器性能研究、沼气产率分析等，为学生掌握厌氧污水处理技术提供了坚实的实验基础。     

Personal Review： Progress and prospect in electro-Fenton process for wastewater treatment

As a novel advanced oxidation process (AOP), electro-Fenton process is powerful for degrading most organic compounds including toxic and non-biodegradable ones, and so has attracted great attention. This paper reviews this process in detail including the mechanism, electrolytic bath, electrode materials, aerations and operation parameters. The application of electro-Fenton method in wastewater treatment is evaluated and summarized. Future work in this field is suggested, and three main directions of new electrode exploitation, development of assisted technologies and mechanistic study should be strengthened.     

Electrocatalysis method for wastewater treatment using a novel beta-lead dioxide anode

A novel β-PbO2 anode modified with fluorine resin was developed for typical pollutant electrocatalytic degradation and wastewater treatment. Various operating parameters such as applied voltage (3.5-10.5 V), pH (2-6), salinity of the electrolyte (0.5-2 g／L K2SO4) and initial phenol concentration (100-400 mg／L) were investigated to explore the electrocatalytic ability of the anode by taking phenol as sample. A preliminary study on dyeing wastewater treatment by this method indicated that the biodegradability could be increased to suit subsequent biological treatment. The stability of the anode has been proved to be high against acidity. The anode showed promising application for treatment of wastewater, especially of high salinity and high acidity wastewater.     

Catalytic ozonation-biological coupled processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater containing refractory chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds

A treatability study of industrial wastewater containing chlorinated nitroaromatic compounds (CNACs) by a catalytic ozonation process (COP) with a modified Mn/Co ceramic catalyst and an aerobic sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was investigated.A preliminary attempt to treat the diluted wastewater with a single SBR resulted in ineffective removal of the color,ammonia,total organic carbon (TOC) and chemical oxygen demand (COD).Next,COP was applied as a pretreatment in order to obtain a bio-compatible wastewater for SBR treatment in a second step.The effectiveness of the COP pretreatment was assessed by evaluating wastewater biodegradability enhancement (the ratio of biology oxygen demand after 5 d (BOD5) to COD),as well as monitoring the evolution of TOC,carbon oxidation state (COS),average oxidation state (AOS),color,and major pollutant concentrations with reaction time.In the COP,the catalyst preserved its catalytic properties even after 70 reuse cycles,exhibiting good durability and stability.The performance of SBR to treat COP effluent was also examined.At an organic loading rate of 2.0 kg COD/(m3·d),with hydraulic retention time (HRT)=10 h and temperature (30±2) °C,the average removal efficiencies of NH3-N,COD,BOD5,TOC,and color in a coupled COP/SBR process were about 80%,95.8%,93.8%,97.6% and 99.3%,respectively,with average effluent concentrations of 10 mg/L,128 mg/L,27.5 mg/L,25.0 mg/L,and 20 multiples,respectively,which were all consistent with the national standards for secondary discharge of industrial wastewater into a public sewerage system (GB 8978-1996).The results indicated that the coupling of COP with a biological process was proved to be a technically and economically effective method for treating industrial wastewater containing recalcitrant CNACs.     

以赤泥为原料制备聚合铝铁絮凝剂进行高浊度废水处理的综合性实验

根据赤泥中富含铝、铁资源的特点,通过化学浸出和聚合反应实验,制备了一种高效的铝铁无机絮凝剂,用于高浊度废水吸附处理.实验涉及铝铁无机絮凝剂制备、大型仪器表征分析、聚合产物形态分析和吸附法处理废水等基础理论,增强了学生的科研兴趣,锻炼了学生的动手能力,提高了学生"节能减排"等环境保护意识,实现了科研与教学的有效融合.