透视美国学校教育中的家长角色

在学校制度高度发达的现代社会，家长依然需要承担子女的教育职责，而不应将自己的责任和义务拱手相让、全权委托。学校孤军奋战难以为学生提供优质教育，在缺乏家长关注和参与的情况下也难以完全满足家庭的教育需求。因此，倡导家长在学校教育中扮演积极角色意义重大，研究美国学校教育中的家长角色则为我国家长角色的优化提供了借鉴和参考。     

Small School Ritual and Parent Involvement

Inner-city and rural schools have the common problem of increasingly distant (literally and figuratively) populations. Often these same schools desire parents to be involved in their children's education. If their involvement is to improve, parents may need to be socialized about school ways, even while the school transforms itself to address the same issues. School rituals can be vehicles for socializing parents as rituals construct changes of identity. In addition, rituals are useful for imagining how things could be otherwise. This paper presents the ritual socialization of parents into a school community at the annual school potluck of a small, rural elementary school. The ritual is analyzed for how the communication and construction of values and beliefs take place.     

The Role of Parent Governors in School Governance in Zimbabwe: Perceptions of School Heads,Teachers and Parent Governors

This paper reports on a study of the role of parent governors in five neighbouring rural primary schools in Zimbabwe. The study proposed that despite the presence of a legal decentralised school governance structure in which parents form the majority, they did not have the capacity to function effectively therein, and were still marginalised in school governance decision-making. Four areas of decision-making were investigated: school organisation; curriculum; employment and appraisal of teaching staff; and financial resources. Interviews were conducted with parent governors, school heads and teachers. Findings show that all the respondent groups perceived significant parental involvement in the area of school finances only. However, parents were perceived to lack the capacity to make decisions in all four areas. The study concludes that the role of parents in the running of schools in the country has not significantly grown from that of being school financiers and builders of infrastructure. Therefore, building school governance capacity among parents is necessary.     

The Role of Parent Governors in School Governance in Zimbabwe: Perceptions of School Heads, Teachers and Parent Governors

This paper reports on a study of the role of parent governors in five neighbouring rural primary schools in Zimbabwe. The study proposed that despite the presence of a legal decentralised school governance structure in which parents form the majority, they did not have the capacity to function effectively therein, and were still marginalised in school governance decision-making. Four areas of decision-making were investigated: school organisation; curriculum; employment and appraisal of teaching staff; and financial resources. Interviews were conducted with parent governors, school heads and teachers. Findings show that all the respondent groups perceived significant parental involvement in the area of school finances only. However, parents were perceived to lack the capacity to make decisions in all four areas. The study concludes that the role of parents in the running of schools in the country has not significantly grown from that of being school financiers and builders of infrastructure. Therefore, building school governance capacity among parents is necessary.     

家长学校的现状及思考

家庭教育在教育系统中有着重要作用,家长的家庭教育水平决定了家庭教育的成效.家长学校,是提高家长家庭教育水平的主要阵地.随着网络技术和新媒体技术的发展,家长学校的平台及活动形式越来越多种多样,但也存在许多问题,文章对基于学校的家长学校和基于网络的家长学校进行了现状分析,并针对目前存在的问题提出思考,以期不断推进家长学校的发展.     

Parent and School Partnerships in Supporting Literacy and Numeracy

This study examined home literacy and numeracy practices. It also focused on the roles of home and school in fostering Year 3 children's literacy and numeracy development in Australian schools. A parent survey of 95 parents from four schools, and focus interviews of parents, teachers and a school administrator within one school, provided the data for this study. Results showed that parents helped their children with literacy and numeracy at home. Most of this assistance is given with reading, some with writing and some with routine mathematics. Both parents and school personnel held the children's learning interests at heart and advocated for the formation of parent/school partnerships. Yet the discourses relating to school and home roles for assisting children's literacy and numeracy development provided contrasting views. Implications for school personnel are drawn from the results of this study.     

Home School: TA Skills Transform the Role of Parent

A TA discovers that her skills and impact reach all the way home.     

Welcoming Families: A Parent Literacy Project in a Linguistically Rich,High-Poverty School

This article focuses on a parent literacy project that included shared reading and how to support this strategy with families who have a home language other than English and live in poverty circumstances. Literature about the importance of shared reading to children’s literacy development is shared in tandem with the importance of building parent and school collaborations. Details are provided about the literacy project of working with families at Greenbrae Elementary with supporting photographs and parent comments. Strategies to bring such an approach to other schools are described with many pragmatic concerns addressed.     

The Challenges and Tensions in Reconstructing Teacher - Parent Relations in the Context of School Reform: A case study

This paper reports on a comparison of two research approaches of the study of the reflective practice in two different modes of tele‐guidance of the school practicum. The results of two studies were contrasted encouraging the dialogue between researchers coming from different research paradigms. Although the researchers in the two studies shared some perspectives on educational practices and student teachers’ reflection, the studies resulted in two different reports on student teachers’ reflection. Ontological, epistemological and methodological beliefs in both studies are related to a rationalistic and a naturalistic paradigm informing the two research sites. Researchers’ voices in both studies have been interacting, changing and developing but the differences in beliefs between the two sites seem to have contributed to the different analyses and results.     

全国校园文化建设专家研讨会综述

由中国教育学会、中国高等教育学会、中国职业技术教育学会、中国教育发展战略学会、教育部关心下一代工作委员会联合举办的“全国校园文化建设专家研讨会”于2007年2月7-8日在京召开。参加会议的有来自全国各地教育界的专家学者和教育行政部门、高等院校、中等职业学校、普通中小学的教育工作者及其他行业关心校园文化建设的专家。与会代表就新时期校园文化建设所面临的基本形势及目前校园文化建设中存在的问题等进行了广泛深入的研讨。     

Teacher Perceptions of Parent Engagement at a Cyber High School

A growing number of adolescents are taking all or most of their courses online. This places a greater responsibility on parents to support and facilitate their students' learning. This case study used teacher surveys and interviews to better understand how teachers perceived and supported parents' attempts to support their online students at a single online charter school. The results indicated that teachers observed multiple ways in which parents supported their students by (a) organizing and managing students' schedules, (b) nurturing relationships and interactions, (c) monitoring and motivating student engagement, and (d) instructing students when necessary. However, teachers believed that parents could act as obstacles to their students' learning by being overly engaged in certain types of learning activities. Additional research is needed that examines parent engagement in a variety of online learning environments. Research that identifies best practices could also be especially valuable to online teachers and administrators wishing to improve the quantity and quality of parental engagement in their programs.     

学校家长教育课程建设的基本构想

加强家长教育已经成为当下全社会的普遍共识,但家长教育普遍存在实效性不够、满意度不高等问题。提高家长教育质量需要研究家长教育规律,加强课程建设。家长教育是成人教育,家长教育课程应尊重成人自主性学习的特点;家庭教育属于国民教育的一部分,既是私事也是公事,家长教育具有"弱强制性"特点。开发家长课程,应该以提高家长胜任力为目标,构建以"通识+拓展"相结合的模块化内容体系,倡导以学习者为中心的混合式学习模式和以评价促发展的发展性评价方式。     

School Characteristics and Parent Involvement: Influences on Participation in Children's Schools

Abstract

Several school-level variables thought to influence the degree to which parents are involved in their children's education were explored. The author sought to clarify, both theoretically and empirically, the meaning of parent involvement. Also, several statistical regression models were developed on the basis of school characteristics. The models help to explain the variance in 9 categories of parent involvement. The results of this study indicate that many forms of parent involvement, such as the structure that parents create for students in the home environment, are not easily influenced by school-level variables. However, several forms of parent involvement, including parent volunteerism and participation in parent-teacher organizations, can be increased when teachers attempt to contact parents.     

当代大学生家庭教育的对策：“网络家长学校”

家庭教育是人生教育的基础,其出发点和落脚点是将孩子培养成为有益于社会、能为社会创造价值的人才,成为有健康人格、积极向上、充满朝气的人才。一般认为,基础教育阶段的家庭教育很重要,其实,大学阶段的学生同样不能缺少家庭教育。从高校视角出发,在信息时代可以用“网络家长学校”的方式开展大学生家庭教育活动。     

校本化积极养育家长学校课程的研发与试用

基于我国家长学校发展存在的共性困境,开展校本化积极养育家长学校课程的研发和试用研究。积极养育课程内容和研究工具根据积极养育三分法理论和东北师范大学青少年积极心理品质的发展机制与培养途径研究课题组的12项积极心理品质三个世界模型理论来设计,以积极的亲子互动方式为主题。课程研发通过组建实验团队、筛选积极品质学生、进行家长访谈、访谈故事编码分类和等级评定、开发积极养育课程教学材料、培训教师培训者等环节,经过两轮家长培训的研究,取得了比较明显的实验测量结果。