Analytical model of vertical vibrations in piles for different tip boundary conditions: parametric study and applications

In this paper,a model named fictitious soil pile was introduced to solve the boundary coupled problem at the pile tip.In the model,the soil column between pile tip and bedrock was treated as a fictitious pile,which has the same properties as the local soil.The tip of the fictitious soil pile was assumed to rest on a rigid rock and no tip movement was allowed.In combination with the plane strain theory,the analytical solutions of vertical vibration response of piles in a frequency domain and the corresponding semi-analytical solutions in a time domain were obtained using the Laplace transforms and inverse Fourier transforms.A parametric study of pile response at the pile tip and head showed that the thickness and layering of the stratum between pile tip and bedrock have a significant influence on the complex impedances.Finally,two applications of the analytical model were presented.One is to identify the defects of the pile shaft,in which the proposed model was proved to be accurate to identify the location as well as the length of pile defects.Another application of the model is to identify the sediment thickness under the pile tip.The results showed that the sediment can lead to the decrease of the pile stiffness and increase of the damping,especially when the pile is under a low frequency load.     

Analytical model of vertical vibrations in piles for different tip boundary conditions: parametric study and applicationsx

In this paper,a model named fictitious soil pile was introduced to solve the boundary coupled problem at the pile tip.In the model,the soil column between pile tip and bedrock was treated as a fictitious pile,which has the same properties as the local soil.The tip of the fictitious soil pile was assumed to rest on a rigid rock and no tip movement was allowed.In combination with the plane strain theory,the analytical solutions of vertical vibration response of piles in a frequency domain and the corresponding semi-analytical solutions in a time domain were obtained using the Laplace transforms and inverse Fourier transforms.A parametric study of pile response at the pile tip and head showed that the thickness and layering of the stratum between pile tip and bedrock have a significant influence on the complex impedances.Finally,two applications of the analytical model were presented.One is to identify the defects of the pile shaft,in which the proposed model was proved to be accurate to identify the location as well as the length of pile defects.Another application of the model is to identify the sediment thickness under the pile tip.The results showed that the sediment can lead to the decrease of the pile stiffness and increase of the damping,especially when the pile is under a low frequency load.     

路堤荷载下挤密螺纹桩复合地基沉降现场试验

对新建兴泉铁路黄塘车站挤密螺纹桩复合地基的桩、土沉降及应力进行监测,分析了路堤荷载下桩、土沉降及差异沉降变化规律,桩土应力比与差异沉降关系。结果表明:桩、土沉降及差异沉降均随路堤填土高度的增加而呈线性增大;桩顶和桩间土应力随路堤填土高度的增加均不断增大,且桩顶应力大于桩间土应力;桩土应力比随着桩土差异沉降的增加先增加后减小,最终趋于稳定。结合修正的Terzaghi土拱理论提出了简化桩土应力比随桩土差异沉降变化曲线。现场试验分析结果有助于完善挤密螺纹桩复合地基设计理论,为工程实践提供一定的参考。     

桩土相互作用及单桩承载力确定模拟研究

以灌注桩桩土相互作用的原位试验为基础,结合苏嘉杭高速公路具体土层结构、性质特点,采用有限单元法对软土地区的砼灌注桩桩土相互作用进行仿真模拟,研究桩土相互作用、荷载的传递规律、桩土相对位移与桩侧摩阻力的关系,通过桩载试验资料对比,得出三维有限元法的模拟结果与实测值相近。在此基础上,根据侧摩阻力最大值发挥不同步这一特点和桩土相互作用的实质及荷载传递规律,提出一种新的单桩极限承载力计算公式。     

微型桩材料对桩—土动力相互作用的影响分析

利用ABAQUS有限元软件,开展不同材料微型桩—土动力相互作用的影响研究,桩身材料分别选为C40普通混凝土、C60普通混凝土、钢管混凝土、RPC混凝土。分析结果表明,由于弹性模量发生变化,不同材料微型桩的桩身弯矩存在明显差异;桩身材料的弹性模量过大会使微型桩的变形减弱;与静力荷载作用不同的是,动力荷载作用下的微型桩在上、下土层范围分别出现了一正一负两个较明显的桩周土反力峰值点。相关研究结论对指导微型桩的设计具有参考价值。     

架空直立式码头钢护筒嵌岩桩受力性状综述

以三峡库区架空直立式码头大直径钢护筒嵌岩桩为切入点,主要针对受钢护筒影响下架空直立式码头嵌岩桩的受力性状作一综述.在阐明何为钢护筒嵌岩桩的基础上综述了钢护筒及钢护筒嵌岩桩的受力性状和嵌岩桩-土-岩的受力性状的研究现状,并从钢管混凝土桩(柱)与钢护筒嵌岩桩受力性状的区别、钢护筒与桩芯钢筋混凝土的联合受力和考虑重复荷载作用下钢护筒效应对嵌岩桩承载性能的影响3个方面探讨有待研究的方向,为进一步研究钢护筒嵌岩桩提供一些思路.     

预应力混凝土板桩-冠梁协同支护作用机理

以湖岸支护工程为例,基于有限元模拟研究了支护结构内力及变形、地表沉降、基坑隆起以及土压力分布情况,探讨了桩顶锚固形式和板桩嵌固深度,得到板桩-冠梁协同支护体系工作机理。 研究表明:板桩-冠梁协同支护体系的桩土协同作用机制与有锚板桩相似,桩体变形呈现中部鼓出状,主动土压力呈R 形分布;桩顶冠梁锚固以及桩底嵌固作用是影响板桩支护性能的重要因素,板桩最佳嵌固深度比为0.69~0.79。 研究成果可为相关板桩支护的设计和工程应用提供参考借鉴。     

Numerical simulation for progressive collapse of continuous girder bridge subjected to ship impact

The three-stage simulation method based on LS-DYNA was introduced in this study to simulate the progressive collapse of a continuous girder bridge after a ship-bridge collision. The pile-soil dynamic interaction and the initial stress and deformation of the whole bridge before the collision were considered. By analyzing the damage, deformation, stress distribution and collapse process of the whole bridge, the results show that the displacement response of the cap beam lags behind the pile cap. The response order of the whole bridge’s components depends on their distances from the collision region. The plastic deformation of soil around piles has a positive effect on delaying the further increase in the displacement of piles. The impacted pier’s losing stability and its superstructure’s excessive deformation are the main reasons leading to the progressive collapse of the continuous girder bridge.     

Studies on parallel seismic testing for integrity of cemented soil columns

The principle and process of parallel seismic (PS) testing for the integrity testing of cemented soil columns are in- troduced in this paper. A three-dimensional (3D) finite element model (FEM) for the pile-soil system is established for impulse responses. Under saturated soil or unsaturated soil condition, several vibrating velocity-time histories at different depths in parallel hole are obtained based on the numerical simulation. It shows that the length of the pile and the one-dimensional (1D) P-wave velocity in the pile can be determined easily from the features of the mentioned velocity-time histories. By examining the slopes of the first arrival time plotted versus depth or the depth where the amplitude of the first arrival significantly decreases, the length of the pile can be determined. The effects of the 3D P-wave propagation through the saturated soil and the defect of the cemented soil column on the velocity-time histories are also investigated.     

Bearing capacity and load transfer mechanism of a static drill rooted nodular pile in soft soil areas

The static drill rooted nodular pile is a new type of pile foundation consisting of precast nodular pile and the surrounding cemented soil. This composite pile has a relatively high bearing capacity and the mud pollution will be largely reduced during the construction process by using this type of pile. In order to investigate the bearing capacity and load transfer mechanism of this pile, a group of experiments were conducted to provide a comparison between this new pile and the bored pile. The axial force ofa precast nodular pile was also measured by the strain gauges installed on the pile to analyze the distribution of the axial force of the nodular pile and the skin friction supported by the surrounding soil, then 3D models were built by using the ABAQUS finite element program to investigate the load transfer mechanism of this composite pile in detail. By combining the results of field tests and the finite element method, the outcome showed that the bearing capacity of a static drill rooted nodular pile is higher than the bored pile, and that this composite pile will form a double stress dispersion system which will not only confirm the strength of the pile, but also make the skin friction to be fully mobilized. The settlement of this composite pile is mainly controlled by the precast nodular pile; meanwhile, the nodular pile and the surrounding cemented soil can be considered as deformation compatibility during the loading process. The nodes on the nodular pile play an important role during the load transfer process, the shear strength of the interface between the cemented soil and the soil of the static drill rooted pile is larger than that of the bored pile.     

褥垫层厚度、模量变化对复合地基应力场影响的数值模拟研究

褥垫层是刚性桩和半刚性桩复合地基的核心技术之一。为探求褥垫层厚度、模量变化对复合地基应力场产生的影响,利用大型通用有限元程序ANSYS,进行了不同褥垫层厚度、模量的复合地基数值模拟研究,获得了褥垫层厚度、模量变化对复合地基桩土应力比、桩身应力、土体应力等产生的影响,为复合地基的工程设计提供了数据支持。     

双弹簧振子横向振动微分方程的近似解

在分析对称双弹簧振子横向振动特点的基础上,根据极限情况下方程解的性质,提出双弹簧振子横向振动微分方程的近似解析解,并得到了横向振动周期的具体表达式;通过与数值解结果的比较,说明近似解是有效的.     

Transient response of piles-bridge under horizontal excitation

Moving ships and other objects drifting on water often impact a bridge's pile foundation. The mechanical model of the piles-bridge structure under horizontal forcing was established, and a time-domain approach based on Finite-difference Method was developed for analyzing the dynamic response of the piles-bridge structure. For a single pile, good agreement between two computed results validated the present approach. The slenderness ratio of the pile, the pile-soil stiffness ratio and the type of the structure influence the dynamic response of the piles-bridge structure. The computed results showed that the stiffness of the structure determines the dynamic response of the piles-bridge structure under horizontal forcing. Project (No. 001110442) supported by the Science and Technology Bureau of Zhejiang Province, China.     

Transient response of piles-bridge under horizontal excitation

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Design and Dynamics Simulation of a Novel Double-Ring-Plate Gear Reducer

Three-ring gear reducer , an internal gear planetarytransmission, claims many advantages , including largetransmission ratio, high loading capacity, and compactvolume[1].However ,there still exist some disadvantagesinits application.One is the unbalanced …     

Dynamics of a prestressed Timoshenko beam subject to arbitrary external load

The free vibration and transient wave in a prestressed Rayleigh-Timoshenko beam subject to arbitrary transverse forces are analyzed by the newly developed method of reverberation-ray matrix （MRRM）. The effects of shear deformation and rotational inertia are taken into consideration. With a Fourier transform technique, the general wave solutions with two sets of unknown amplitude coefficients are obtained in the transformed domain for an unbonded prestressed beam under the action of arbitrary external excitations. From the coupling at joints and the compatibility of displacements in each member, the free and forced vibration responses of a beam with various boundary conditions are finally evaluated through certain numerical algorithms, Results are presented for a simply-supported beam subject to either a point fixed load or moving load. Good agreement with the finite element method （FEM） is obtained. The present work is instructive for high-speed railway bridge design and structural health monitoring.     

基于ANSYS的预应力抗拔灌注桩荷载位移分析

基于ANSYS建立了预应力抗拔灌注桩的模型,通过模拟不同荷载条件下,随着桩长和桩径变化,绘制了桩-土X向位移等值线图、桩土Y向位移等值线图,桩土Z向位移等值线图,得出荷载-位移特性的变化规律。     

Ground-borne vibrations due to dynamic loadings from moving trains in subway tunnels

In this study, ground vibrations due to dynamic loadings from trains moving in subway tunnels were investigated using a 2.5D finite element model of an underground tunnel and surrounding soil interactions. In our model, wave propagation in the infinitely extended ground is dealt with using a simple, yet efficient gradually damped artificial boundary. Based on the assumption of invariant geometry and material distribution in the tunnel??s direction, the Fourier transform of the spatial dimension in this direction is applied to represent the waves in terms of the wave-number. Finite element discretization is employed in the cross-section perpendicular to the tunnel direction and the governing equations are solved for every discrete wave-number. The 3D ground responses are calculated from the wave-number expansion by employing the inverse Fourier transform. The accuracy of the proposed analysis method is verified by a semi-analytical solution of a rectangular load moving inside a soil stratum. A case study of subway train induced ground vibration is presented and the dependency of wave attenuation at the ground surface on the vibration frequency of the moving load is discussed.     

软岩地基上桩筏基础实测分析

软岩地基上的嵌岩桩基础一般都认为是端承桩，设计时假定上部结构荷载全部由桩来承受，而不考虑桩间土的承载力．本主要根据现场实测的软岩地基上的嵌岩桩桩顶反力和筏底地基土反力数据，分析研究嵌岩桩与筏板及地基土之间的相互影响．结果表明，软岩地基上的嵌岩桩具有摩擦桩的特性，桩间土分担一部分的上部结构荷重，因此，建议软岩地区的嵌岩桩，在设计时也应该考虑桩间土的承载力，从而使设计更经济合理．     

基于多体动力学的发动机稳态工况动态转矩计算

理论分析发动机转矩波动产生机理,通过有限元分析得到离散化曲轴模型,建立了滑动轴承动态接触数学模型;协同各子部件间动力学关系,考虑燃气压力、变惯性力等激励载荷,在ADAMS中建立发动机曲轴连杆机构多体动力学模型,仿真计算发动机不同稳态工况下动态转矩,研究曲轴弹性、滑动轴承弹性支承、输出转速等对发动机输出动态转矩的影响。通过试验对比和简谐分析,表明了仿真方法的可行性和准确性,为车辆动力传动系统的扭振分析提供激励条件。