铝合金压铸模具温度场数值分析

采用PROCAST对铝合金压铸用模具在压铸过程中的温度场进行了数值模拟,对压铸边界条件和传热系统的潜热采用热焓法进行了处理,分析了在不同时刻模具的温度场分布,分析了在不同的浇注温度和不同的模具预热温度情况下对模具温度场的影响,并且预测了热应力集中的位置,对压铸工艺参数的优化提出了见解,分析了冷却水管的作用,为压铸模具的热应力分析奠定基础。     

Simulation, experimentation, and collaborative analysis of adjacent heat exchange modules in a vehicular cooling system

A cooling system consisting of several heat exchange modules is a necessary part of an automobile, and its performance has a direct effect on a vehicle’s energy consumption. Heat exchangers, such as a charged air cooler (CAC), radiator, oil cooler, or condenser have different structures and can be arranged in various orders, and each combination may produce different effects because of interactions among them. In this study, we aimed to explore the principles governing interactions among adjacent heat exchangers in a cooling system, using numerical simulation and experimental technology. 3D models with different combinations were developed, compared, and analyzed comprehensively. A wind tunnel test platform was constructed to validate the computational results. We found that the heat dissipation of the modules was affected slightly by their relative position (the rules basically comply with the field synergy principle), but was independent of the modules’ spacing within a certain distance range. The heat dissipation of one module could be effectively improved by restructuring, but with a penalty of higher resistance. However, the negative effect on the downstream module was much less than expected. The results indicated that the intensity of heat transfer depends not only on the average temperature difference between cold and hot mediums, but also on the temperature distribution.     

渔船尾气驱动的氨水溶液冷却吸收式制冷

提出了一种溶液冷却吸收的氨水吸收式制冷循环方案,即利用来自吸收器的浓溶液冷却吸收过程的前半部分以回收部分吸收热.由于进入溶液热交换器的浓溶液温度提高,在其出口浓溶液将部分沸腾,因而可减少外界热源的消耗.计算结果显示,在典型条件下改进循环的性能系数（COP）比传统循环提高约28.3%,而该循环所有换热器所需的总换热面积则比传统循环略有减少.在同等条件下与吸附式制冷方案相比,改进循环的制冷量可增加1倍多.渔船采用改进循环的制冷机后用其自身柴油机废气足以提供渔品保鲜用的制冷量.     

非稳定热传导方程

本文，我们采用一种间接的方法获得通过窗户的热流的平衡，从而建立了一个非稳定热流的数学模型，并用分离变量法与本征函数展开法求得此边值问题的解，再通过极限方法，获得非稳定热流传导的新的稳定状态。     

纳米流体结晶过程的DSC法实验研究

以质量分数5%、平均粒径75nm的水基二氧化钛（TiO2）纳米流体为材料,利用差示扫描量热仪,分别在3,5,7,9℃/min4个冷却速率下研究了TiO2纳米粒子对去离子水结晶和熔化行为的影响.实验结果表明,与去离子水相比,水基TiO2纳米流体具有更低的过冷度和更快的结晶速率.随着冷却速率的增大,TiO2纳米粒子对去离子水过冷度的影响增强,对其结晶速率的影响则减弱.在熔化过程中,与去离子水相比,水基TiO2纳米流体具有更低的熔化温度、更小的熔化潜热和更大的熔化速率.     

3D thermoelasticity solutions for functionally graded thick plates

Thermal-mechanical behavior of functionally graded thick plates, with one pair of opposite edges simply supported, is investigated based on 3D thermoelasticity. As for the arbitrary boundary conditions, a semi-analytical solution is presented via a hybrid approach combining the state space method and the technique of differential quadrature. The temperature field in the plate is determined according to the steady-state 3D thermal conduction. The Mori-Tanaka method with a power-law volume fraction profile is used to predict the effective material properties including the bulk and shear moduli, while the effective coefficient of thermal expansion and the thermal conductivity are estimated using other micromechanics-based models. To facilitate the implementation of state space analysis through the thickness direction, the approximate laminate model is employed to reduce the inhomogeneous plate into a homogeneous laminate that delivers a state equation with constant coefficients. The present solutions are validated by comparisons with the exact ones for both thin and thick plates. Effects of gradient indices, volume fraction of ceramics, and boundary conditions on the thermomechanical behavior of functionally graded plates are discussed.     

薄板结构振动声辐射特性分析及优化

利用有限元法与边界元法结合对薄板进行振动声辐射特性分析,研究了薄板结构在简谐力作用下表面声压分布状况,分析了不同边界条件、材料以及加筋形式等因素对薄板结构振动声辐射特性的影响,并对简支矩形薄板厚度进行了优化。研究表明,边界约束的增加会导致薄板刚度变大,进而导致薄板辐射声功率与辐射效率随之改变?不同材料对结构的辐射声功率均有影响,而对辐射效率影响很小?加筋对薄板声辐射特性影响显著,十字型加筋形式减震降噪效果最好?对薄板厚度进行优化,优化后薄板辐射声功率级下降了4.29dB。     

恒温边界矩形区域内热传导的可视化计算

建立了稳态热传导问题的有限差分方程,编写了相应的温度场差分计算程序,借此可求得不同恒温边界条件下带内热源的矩形区域内的温度分布,然后采用计算机图形学原理编写了图形显示程序,并将所得离散的温度分布数据转化为相应的图形.最后,基于所得计算图形讨论了相应区域内的热传导特性.     

圆锥头弹体正撞击薄钢板的破坏模式和数值模拟研究

撞击损伤特性研究是防护设计的一个重要问题。在临界破裂速度下,对薄钢板在不同圆锥角的圆锥形子弹正撞击下的破坏模式进行了实验研究,实验表明：当圆锥角小于110°时,板为穿孔型破坏;当圆锥角大于110°时,板为冲塞型破坏。基于实验结果,应用LS-DYNA有限元程序数值模拟了子弹撞击薄钢板的过程,通过计算结果与实验结果的比较,证明了LS-DYNA程序数值模拟预测薄钢板撞击的有效性。     

Buckling and multiple equilibrium states of viscoelastic rectangular plates

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换热器传热与流动阻力性能试验台系统搭建(英文)

介绍了换热器传热性能试验台系统的硬件构成、运行原理、软件控制和测量系统.试验台系统由导热油、压缩空气、乙二醇溶液和水4种不同热流体与冷风和冷却水2种冷流体为循环工质的子系统构成,不仅能进行上述热流体对冷风或冷却水的一对一试验,还可以进行并联或串联的2种或3种热流体对冷风的复合型换热器的传热性能测试.控制和测量系统以LabVIEW软件为平台,包括试验数据采集和处理系统以及自动运行与控制系统,借助完善的软件控制与先进测量仪器的相结合,使系统具有结构紧凑,测量精度高,测试范围广,程序界面友好等特点,对于换热器总体传热系数K的不确定度小于5%,为新型换热器的设计和开发提供了可靠的测试平台.     

基于ANSYS的多管材挤出定型模冷却系统的设计

基于ANSYS软件,对塑料异型材在定型模内的温度场进行数值模拟．通过分析型材冷却过程中的热传递方式,对计算模型、初始条件和边界条件进行了更符合生产实际的假设或赋值,并根据模拟结果进行冷却水道的布置．     

Theoretical and Experimental Study on Ground Coupled Heat Pump with Vertical Spiral Coil

Groundcoupledheatpump (GCHP)isalsoclassi callycalledthegroundsourceheatpump ,ortheearthcoupledheat pump ,orthegeothermalheat pump ,thoughtheydonotreallyutilizegeothermalenergyintheclassicalsense .Insteadofhavingitsoutsidecoilsexchangeheatwithair ,itexchangesheatwiththeearthviagroundloopheatexchanger .Itdoesnotutilizegroundwaternordoesitneedreinjectionwellsoranyprotectionagainsterosion ,sotheycanavoidextensiveuseofgroundwaterandtheearthsubsidence .Withnopollutionofwasteheat ,smoke ,andwater,i…     

热轧钢带冷却过程建模及自动控制研究

通过研究热轧钢带的冷却过程,对其温度的变换进行了建模分析。根据所建立了数学模型,提出了基于反馈控制原理的温度控制方案,给出了反馈卷取温度控制的详细控制过程,最后结合实际的工作特点,对模型进行了分析与修正。     

利用液化天然气冷能进行区域供冷的2种方案比较

针对利用液化天然气冷能作为冷源的区域供冷系统,设计了2种方案.方案1使用冰作为蓄冷介质,先用液化天然气的冷能制冰,然后将冰运送至区域供冷系统的中心冷站.方案2则直接利用液化天然气冷能冷却回水,并通过管道运输冷冻水至需冷终端.冷能运输过程中的冷量损失是影响系统效率的主要因素,在评估2种方案的效率时对其进行了重点分析.分析结果显示,利用液化天然气冷能进行区域供冷在经济上是现实可行的.方案2的供冷距离限于13km以内,方案1则没有供冷距离的限制.当供冷距离在6～13km之间时,方案2的效率更高;当供冷距离小于6km或大于13km时,采用方案1在经济上更为合理.     

中原板裂纹的控制与实践

通过以恒温恒速浇注为中心的生产组织方式,控制钢水成分;通过提高连铸机结晶器制作质量及强化检查制度,调整结晶器振动参数,控制结晶器液面波动;改善结晶器水质及降低进水温度,改善二冷水质,减少喷嘴堵塞;使用稀土包芯线.通过以上措施使2003年中厚析裂纹发生率控制在2%以下,同时中厚板轧后废品量比2002年降低了53%.     

Optimization analysis of high temperature heat pump coupling to desiccant wheel air conditioning system

The high temperature heat pump and desiccant wheel(HTHPDW) system can make full use of heat released from the condenser of heat pump for DW regeneration without additional heat. In this study, DW operation in the HTHPDW system was investigated experimentally, and the optimization analysis of HTHPDW system was carried out. The performance of DW had influence on the dehumidification(evaluated by dehumidification and regeneration effectiveness) and cooling load(evaluated by thermal and adiabatic effectiveness). The results show that the enthalpy increase occurred in all the experiments. Compared to the isosteric heat, heat accumulation in the desiccant and matrix material and heat leakage from regeneration side to process side have greater influence on the adiabatic effectiveness. Higher regeneration temperature leads to lower adiabatic effectiveness that increases more cooling load of the system. When the regeneration temperature is 63℃, the maximal dehumidification effectiveness is 35.4% and the satisfied adiabatic effectiveness is 88%, which contributes to the optimal balance between dehumidification and cooling.     

连续定态传热过程平均温差的统一推导

采用统一的方法对定态传热逆流和并流的平均温差进行了推导。推导过程无需假定冷热流体的特定流向,并利于得到对数平均温差“同侧相减”的规律。     

一种热漏损失对斯特林热机优化性能的影响

应用有限时间热力学理论，建立一类较普遍的不可逆斯特林热机模型，研究存在热阻、热漏、回热损失斯特林热机的优化性能，导出了热漏损失服从一般传热规律时热机的功率与效率间的优化关系，讨论了不同情况下热漏和回热损失对热机性能的影响，从而可为二热源热机的研制和优化设计提供新的理论指导。     

地壳运动原动力的新假说

董妙先的《多四季论》假说,揭示了地球表面存在大冷大热的效应变化。这种巨大冷热差异造成地壳岩层的热胀冷缩力就是地壳运动的原动力。当异常低温期,地壳岩层大规模冷缩开裂,形成海洋;当异常高温期,地壳板块大规模膨胀扩展,推挤出板块周边的山脉。地球表面现有的两大山脉是在中生代末的高温期由两大古陆膨胀扩展拼接成联合大陆时推挤而成;三大海洋是新生代寒冷期由联合大陆冷缩破裂而成。先有两大山脉,后有三大海洋。