Provisional Regulations on Recruiting Students for Doctoral Programs

On July 17, 1982, the Ministry of Education issued Provisional Regulations on Enrolling Doctoral Students to the departments and bureaus of higher education in the provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions, the admissions committees in institutes of higher learning, the ministries and commissions under the State Council, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Chinese People's Liberation Army, General Political Department, and the Scientific and Technological Commission of the National Defense Council….     

Reframing Doctoral Programs: A Program of Human Inquiry for Doctoral Students and Faculty Advisors

The Program of Human Inquiry is proposed as a structure to support scholarly inquiry by graduate students and faculty advisors. The Program provides a foundation that acknowledges human experiences and connects them to program aims in ways that do not limit student and faculty options. It promotes communication among student, committee members, and committee chair, as well as dialogue with oneself. It consists of four components. The first component is an acknowledgment of what one brings to graduate studies. The second component includes a Plan of Study, a summary of coursework, field experiences, formal exam dates, and residency. A third component records rigorous, but negotiated, avenues of inquiry including coursework, readings, research, and conferences. Finally, the Program encourages an ongoing discussion of values and recording of appropriate experiences. This proposal will interest students who wish to get the most out of their graduate experience and faculty who desire to continually re-examine their advising, their graduate program, and their own learning.     

社会科学博士教育的英国变革——以ESRC博士生培养项目为例

新的知识生产模式背景下需要博士教育的创新.近年来,英国经济与社会研究理事会(ESRC)实施了一系列博士生培养项目,这些项目通过严格的机构选拔、灵活多样的资助形式、多途径监督培养质量等方式保障项目目标的实现,并由此引导社会科学博士教育的变革方向:强调以满足社会需求为导向的培养目标、明确社会科学博士生核心能力的培养内容、鼓励跨机构合作增加博士生学习经历、关注博士生学习需求与长期职业发展.ESRC博士生培养项目的实施及其体现出的社会科学博士教育变革趋势对我国社会科学博士教育改革具有一定借鉴作用.     

基于博士毕业生学术职业就职的学科排名研究——以美国大学数学学科为例

近年来,学科排名逐渐成为国内外大学排名发展的主流.在排名方法上,现存有代表性的学科排名主要使用声誉调查指标和科研产出指标,而对人才培养方面的评价则比较薄弱.针对该问题,本研究以反映学科人才培养质量的博士毕业生的学术职业就职情况为标准,引入PageRank算法为排名方法,选取美国大学数学学科为例,构建了一个同时考虑就职学生数量及就职质量(就职单位水平)的学科排名.     

美国博士学科评估特征分析及其启示

美国国家研究委员会开展了三次博士学科评估,已成为美国研究生教育外部质量保障体系的重要组成部分。博士学科评估组织特征主要体现在完善的博士学科评估组织治理结构和能力;多元化的博士学科评估筹资机制。技术特征包括自成体系的博士学科分类系统;综合集成的博士学科评估指标权重;分类与区间并用的博士学科评估结果。值得我们学习和借鉴之处:秉持为评估利益相关方服务的评估理念,注重评估组织的治理结构和能力建设,把握好评估方法的继承和创新力度,加强学科评估理论和技术研究。     

理工科博士生创新绩效影响因素的识别

以创新管理研究领域中的个体、行为、环境三个方面作为研究视角,对理工科博士生群体创新绩效影响因素的内容与结构进行了系统识别.在理论扎根的基础上,通过对1508名博士生进行的实证调研,提炼出影响理工科博士生创新绩效的三级指标体系.结合回归分析的结果,对我国博士生的培养模式提出了具体管理建议.     

省属普通高校吸引外国留学生之举措

随着国际间交流合作的日益频繁、教育国际化趋势的日益增强,省属普通高校在面对机遇的同时,也面临着一定的挑战.如何发挥学校自身的优势,在不断提高办学层次和水平的同时,加强海外宣传,增强奖学金力度,优化留学环境,提高服务质量,吸引更多外国留学生,是需要各省属普通高校不断思考和探索的课题.     

关于提高博士研究生培养质量的几点思考

本文根据我国部分高校近年来博士生培养中存在的问题,提出了一系列改进和加强的措施,包括加强导师队伍建设,严格把握培养过程中各道关口,强化学位论文质量保证体系,完善论文评审和答辩制度等,旨在提高博士研究生的培养质量。     

博士生希望什么样的培养环境——基于博士生意见调查的实证研究

博士生对院校培养工作的意见是进行培养环境优化的重要依据。基于1200余名博士生调查数据,采用混合式研究方法展开探索,结果发现:第一,博士生意见集中在奖助体系、导师指导、考核评价和学术交流上,具体内容分别指向奖助学金支持力度不够,导师的学术指导缺位,考核评价方式固化单一,学术交流机会不足;第二,在学科差异上,理工科博士生的导师指导满意度和科研自由度得分较低,并且相比其它学科学生提出较多导师指导方面的意见,人文学科博士生更加支持采用1篇论文代表作的评价方式,并且相比其它学科学生提出较多考核评价方面的意见。基于上述发现提出博士生培养环境的改进对策。     

高职院校图书馆吸引学生读者的几点措施

高职院校中相当多的学生远离图书馆,浪费了大好的学习时光,出现这种现象有高职生自身的文化素质偏低、图书馆的条件较差、服务质量不高、网络对图书馆的冲击等原因。要解决这一问题,高职图书馆要做到：树立育人的职责观念、强化宣传工作、提供优质服务、优化馆藏文献、开展丰富多彩的活动、提高馆员的素质。     

Socialization of Doctoral Students to Academic Norms

Using the framework for graduate and professional student socialization developed by Weidman, Twale, and Stein (2001), this study addresses socialization of doctoral students to the academic norms of research and scholarship. Data are presented about the perceptions doctoral students in a social science discipline (sociology) and in educational foundations at a major research university have of the scholarly and collegial climates of their departments. Data on students' social relationships with faculty and peers as well as their reported participation in scholarly activities are also reported. A multivariate analysis provides support for the framework, affirming the importance of social interaction among both students and faculty as well as collegiality among faculty for creating a supportive climate for doctoral study that also has the potential to provide a strong foundation for subsequent academic and/or research careers by stimulating students' research and scholarly productivity.     

博士生为什么延期?——国外博士生毕业时间影响因素研究

20世纪80年代以来,博士生延期毕业问题已经引起各国高等教育学界的关注。博士生毕业时间的影响因素可归纳为个人先赋性、外部环境、个体自致性三个方面。个人先赋性对博士生毕业时间的影响并不显著;学科文化、导师等大学支持系统、社会就业环境等,会间接影响博士生的毕业时间;博士生的个体自致性特征是影响毕业进程的关键因素。外部环境和个体自致性因素的叠加、消减作用,使博士生毕业时间的影响因素呈现出个性化、动态化和交互性的特点。对其内在机理的深入研究,有助于对博士生进行追踪式的个性化指导。     

A Survey of Comprehensive Examination Practices Among Doctoral Programs in Counseling

Doctoral programs in counseling were surveyed concerning their comprehensive examination practices. Most programs require examinations, but practices vary widely regarding degree of structure and procedures.     

基于多属性决策方法的新增博士点遴选研究

采用多属性群决策方法,提出新增博士点遴选中可采取的改进方案。首先整合多位专家意见对方案进行评估,其次在计算过程中利用熵值法对属性客观赋权,最后采用理想点法求解多个候选点的排序问题,从而可为我国新增博士点遴选工作提供参考意见。     

STEM Doctoral Completion of Underrepresented Minority Students: Challenges and Opportunities for Improving Participation in the Doctoral Workforce

This article is a result of the analysis of student-level enrollment records from twenty-one research universities in the United States, and it contributes to a more robust understanding of timely completion of STEM doctorates by underrepresented minority students. Using multivariate logit regression models, findings indicated that Hispanic/Latino and students from other underrepresented groups complete at higher rates than do their Black/African American counterparts. Findings also indicated that prior master’s degrees and institutional participation in doctoral completion programs positively correlate with STEM doctoral completion. We conclude by offering insights and recommendations for graduate schools about how to increase the STEM doctoral attainment rate of students from underrepresented groups.     

Faculty Motivation to Mentor Students Through Undergraduate Research Programs: A Study of Enabling and Constraining Factors

Undergraduate research experiences are a “high impact” educational practice that confer benefits to students. However, little attention has been paid to understanding faculty motivation to mentor undergraduate students through research training programs, even as the number of programs has grown, requiring increasing numbers of faculty mentors. To address this, we introduce a conceptual model for understanding faculty motivation to mentor and test it by using empirical data to identify factors that enable and constrain faculty engagement in an undergraduate research program. Using cross-sectional survey data collected in 2013, we employed generalized linear modeling to analyze data from 536 faculty across 13 research institutions to examine how expected costs/benefits, dispositional factors, situational factors, previous experience, and demographic factors predicted faculty motivation to mentor. Results show that faculty who placed greater value on the opportunity to increase diversity in the academy through mentorship of underrepresented minorities were more likely to be interested in serving as mentors. Faculty who agreed more strongly that mentoring undergraduate students was time consuming and their institution’s reward structures were at odds with mentoring, or who had more constrained access to undergraduate students were less likely to be interested in serving as mentors. Mid-career faculty were more likely than late-career faculty to be interested in serving as mentors. Findings have implications for improving undergraduate research experiences, since the success of training programs hinges on engaging highly motivated faculty members as mentors.     

Advising Doctoral Students Seeking Counselor Education Faculty Positions

This article provides suggestions, information, and resources for advisors to use in assisting students to obtain tenure-track counselor education positions. Recommendations for research are also presented.     

谈谈在物理课堂中如何吸引学生的注意力

不少教师可能遭遇过这样的情形,即老师在上面讲得口干舌燥,而学生却昏昏欲睡,注意力不集中.为何会出现这种情形,我就物理这门学科向学生作了一些了解,有的同学说:老师讲的一些概念很抽象,我们听不太明白;有的说:老师的语调太平淡了,像催眠曲似的;也有的说:整堂课都是老师在灌,我们只能被动的去接受,感觉很累,注意力很难集中;甚至有同学认为老师讲的这些知识与实际生活没什么联系,没必要那么认真地听.