粉末冶金法制备Ti-15V-10Al合金的组织及性能

采用粉末冶金技术制备了Ti-15V-10Al合金。利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和电子探针对合金的组织与成分进行了表征,并测试了各组织的显微硬度。结果表明,粉末冶金法制备Ti-15V-10Al合金的最佳烧结温度为1 450℃。该合金主要由Ti3Al的基体相和Ti0.8V0.2析出相组成。随着烧结温度的升高,析出相呈先细化后粗大、总含量逐渐增加的趋势,合金的密度逐渐增加,显微硬度先增加后减小,在1 450℃时达到峰值451.6 HV。     

合金元素(Cr、Ni、Al、C)对Cr—Ni—Fe基合金高温硫腐蚀的影响

本文研究了含有不同合金元素的Cr—Ni—Fe合金在600℃、Ps_2为48mmHg的硫蒸气下的腐蚀行为,这些合金在此条件下出现了以硫化为主的高温腐蚀。腐蚀产物以多层金属硫化物为主,也夹杂着少量金属氧化物。结果表明:当C含量在0.15％～0.45％时,合金的腐蚀速度在含C量为0.3％时有最小值,合金元素Cr含量的提高,使合金的抗硫腐蚀性能加强,合金元素Ni含量的提高,降低合金的抗硫腐蚀性能;而合金元素Al的加入,由于在合金表面形成了保护性较好的Al_2O_3及CrS的混合层,则显著提高了合金的抗硫腐蚀性。     

Al-Zn-In-Si-Mg系合金牺牲阳极的金相学研究

利用金相显微技术、能谱分析和扫描电镜等测试手段 ,研究了合金中元素Mg的含量对牺牲阳极Al Zn In Si Mg系合金的晶粒尺寸、偏析相等微观组织的影响 .结果表明 :添加 1.6 %～2 .0 %Mg的晶粒细化明显 ,偏析相MgZn2 在含 1.0 %Mg的合金中开始出现 ,含 1.6 %Mg时分布均匀 ,并随Mg的不断增加而增加 .     

新型AlTiBRE中间合金细化剂的微观组织特征分析

用OM、XRD、SEM、EDAX等对经不同制备工艺获得的AlTiB和新型AlTiBRE中间合金细化剂进行了微观组织的观察分析比较.结果表明:Al5TiBRE中间合金中细化相主要为TiAl3和TiB2,还存在着不稳定的(AlTiRE)相;Al5TiBRE中间合金中细化相质点的分布形态优于Al3TiBRE中间合金;氟盐法所制备的Al5TiBRE中间合金中细化相的分布更为均匀弥散与细小,优于纯Ti粉颗粒法制备的Al5TiBRE中间合金的组织.     

添加微量稀土对提高电工用铜母线性能的作用

在纯铜熔体中以 Al-RE 中间合金形式加入富 Ce 混合稀土,探讨了 RE 加入量对电工用铜母线铸态组织、力学性能和导电性的影响规律.结果表明:纯铜基体的纯净度随RE加入量的增加而明显提高,当w(RE)=0.02%时,结晶组织最为细小,力学性能得到改善;添加RE可显著改善纯铜的导电性,其影响作用取决于稀土化合物的分布状态及基体的纯净度,当w(RE)》0.02%后,导电率略为降低.当w(RE)=0.05%,可使纯铜获得较理想的综合性能,基本满足高强高韧高导铜母线的生产要求.     

锰镍比对Fe-Mn-Ni系TWIP合金铸铁组织和力学性能的影响

通过制备4种不同锰镍比的TWIP合金铸铁,研究了锰镍比对Fe-Mn-Ni系TWIP合金铸铁组织和力学性能的影响。试验结果表明:随着锰镍比从3∶2、2∶1、3∶1和4∶1逐渐增加,铸铁铸态组织中的碳化物含量增加。在1 050 ℃保温10 h后进行水淬,就能使碳化物分解,获得单相奥氏体基体组织。经过热处理后,锰镍比为3∶2的TWIP合金铸铁力学性能最佳,其抗拉强度为885 MPa,伸长率为29.7%。     

硅对原位反应自生Mg2Si/ZM5复合材料热处理态的组织和性能的影响

在真空感应炉中氩气保护下制备材料，用OM，SEM，EDAX及拉伸试验，探讨硅对原位反应自生Mg2Si，ZM5复合材料T6热处理后显微组织和性能的影响规律。结果表明，反应恭加物Si在ZM5合金中形成了高熔点、高硬度的Mg2Si强化相，时效处理可促进γ(Mg17Al12)相沿晶内连续析出，明显地提高了材料的室温与高温强度；且Mg2Si相的形貌亦随着硅含量的不同而变化；Mg2Si相是一种脆性相，使得该材料呈现出解理断裂，降低了材料的塑性。     

Ti-22Al-25Nb合金热处理后不同相含量的比较及其对合金显微硬度的影响

通过对Ti-22Al-25Nb合金设计不同的热处理工艺路线,分别得到β/B2相和O相的两相合金及β/B2相、α₂相和O相的三相合金;借助X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和维氏显微硬度计,研究合金在不同热处理工艺下的组织演变、物相、相含量及显微硬度。结果表明：随着热处理温度的降低,由β/B2相和O相两相组成的Ti-22Al-25Nb合金中,O相和β/B2相的晶粒尺寸都逐渐增大;O相的体积分数逐渐增加,而β/B2相的体积分数逐渐减少;合金的显微硬度逐渐增加。随着热处理温度的降低,由β/B2相、α₂相和O相三相组成的Ti-22Al-25Nb合金中,α₂相和O相的晶粒尺寸都逐渐增大,而β/B2相的晶粒尺寸逐渐减小;α₂相和O相的体积分数逐渐增加,而β/B2相的体积分数逐渐减少;合金的显微硬度逐渐增加。这一研究结果为进一步获得综合性能优异的Ti-22Al-25Nb合金提供了数据参考。     

元素合金化对NiFeGa合金马氏体相变特性的影响

采用电弧炉熔炼和急冷快淬吸铸的方法制备Ni-Fe-Ga-X(X=Si, Ge, Al, Co)合金,利用光学显微镜、X射线衍射和示差扫描量热仪,研究了Si, Ge, Al, Co元素合金化对Ni-Fe-Ga合金显微组织、晶体结构和马氏体相变特性的影响.研究结果表明,Si, Ge, Al替代Ga元素后,室温下表现出良好的热弹性马氏体特征,随着其含量增加,合金的马氏体相变特征温度线性下降;而Co替代Ga元素,具有M+γ双相显微组织结构,其相变特征温度随Co含量增加而显著提高.电子浓度和晶胞体积是影响Ni-Fe-Ga-X合金马氏体相变特征温度两个重要的因素.一方面,随着电子浓度的增加,合金的马氏体相变特征温度升高;另一方面,晶胞体积收缩也有利于提高马氏体相变特征温度.     

铝含量对Fe-Al合金耐锌液腐蚀性和机械性能影响

本文研究铝含量对Fe-Al合金耐锌蚀性的影响规律,对不同铝含量的Fe-Al合金进行XRD相分析和SEM微观组织观察,以研究铝含量不同时Fe-Al合金的微观组织;对Fe-Al合金的耐液锌腐蚀行能和机理进行分析.实验结果表明,Fe-Al合金的耐锌蚀性很好,韧性也很好,但过量Al的加入会对它的铸造成型工艺造成不利影响.因此,必须控制Al的含量,以保证良好的铸造性能.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.