Distributed impulsive control for heterogeneous multi-agent systems based on event-triggered scheme

In this paper, the distributed impulsive control for heterogeneous multi-agent systems based on event-triggered approach is investigated. According to whether the information transfer of the dynamic compensator is continuous or not, two different kinds of impulsive controllers are designed, respectively. Based on these two kinds of controllers, the corresponding distributed event-triggered conditions are provided, which make the impulsive instants of all agents do not need occur simultaneously. Moreover, the lower bound of impulsive intervals can also be guaranteed for all the event-triggered conditions, which means that the control schemes given in this paper can avoid the Zeno-behavior successfully. Eventually, a simulation example is proposed to support the effectiveness of the results obtained in this paper.     

Synchronization of linear dynamical networks under stochastic impulsive coupling protocols

This paper investigates a stochastic impulsive coupling protocol for synchronization of linear dynamical networks based on discrete-time sampled-data. The convergence of the networks under the proposed protocol is discussed, and some sufficient conditions are showed to guarantee almost sure exponential synchronization. Moreover, this coupling protocol with a pinning control scheme is developed to lead the state of all nodes to almost sure exponentially converge to a virtual synchronization target. It is shown that the almost sure exponential synchronization can be achieved by only interacting based on the stochastic feedback information at discrete-time instants. Some numerical examples are finally provided to present the effectiveness of the proposed stochastic coupling protocols.     

Stabilization of discrete-time switched linear systems with time-varying delays via nearly-periodic impulsive control

In this work, impulsive stabilization problems of discrete-time switched linear systems with time-varying delays are studied. The sequence of impulsive instants is nearly-periodic, i.e., it is close to a periodic impulse and the distance between them is an uncertain bounded term. A time-varying Lyapunov function is introduced to characterize the information of delays, switching signals and impulses, and a stability criterion LMI-based is obtained without any restrictions on the stability of the subsystems. Several design schemes of reduced-order/full-order impulsive controllers with or without time-varying delays are developed. Finally, three numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the established results.     

Pinning and impulsive synchronization control of complex dynamical networks with non-derivative and derivative coupling

In this paper, the problem of pinning and impulsive synchronization between two complex dynamical networks with non-derivative and derivative coupling is investigated. A hybrid controller, which contains a pinning controller and a pinning impulsive controller, is proposed simultaneously. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory and mathematical analysis technique, some novel criteria of synchronization are derived, which can guarantee that the response network asymptotically synchronizes to the drive network by combining pinning control and pinning impulsive control. Moreover, the restrictions about non-derivative coupling matrix, impulsive intervals and the number of pinned nodes are removed. Numerical examples are presented finally to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

Delay-dependent cluster synchronization of time-varying complex dynamical networks with noise via delayed pinning impulsive control

This paper investigates the problem of cluster synchronization of complex dynamical networks with noise and time-varying delays by using a delayed pinning impulsive control scheme. Different from the traditional impulsive control schemes without the effects of input delays, it designs a pinning impulsive control scheme to successfully address the aforementioned problem subject to impulsive input delays. By employing a time-dependent Lyapunov function and the mathematical induction, some novel criteria are established to guarantee the cluster synchronization of the noisy complex networks, revealing the closed relationship between the synchronization performance and the related factors, including the impulsive input delays, the number of the pinned nodes, the frequency and strength of the impulsive control, and the noisy perturbations. Some numerical examples and computer simulations are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.     

Synchronization of coupled heterogeneous complex networks

By only designing the internal coupling, quasi synchronization of heterogeneous complex networks coupled by N nonidentical Duffing-type oscillators without any external controller is investigated in this paper. To achieve quasi synchronization, the average of states of all nodes is designed as the virtual target. Heterogeneous complex networks with two kinds of nonlinear node dynamics are analyzed firstly. Some sufficient conditions on quasi synchronization are obtained without designing any external controller. Quasi synchronization means that the states of all nonidentical nodes will keep a bounded error with the virtual target. Then the heterogeneous complex network with impulsive coupling which means the network only has coupling at some discrete impulsive instants, is further discussed. Some sufficient conditions on heterogeneous complex network with impulsive coupling are derived. Based on these results, heterogeneous complex network can still reach quasi synchronization even if its nodes are only coupled at discrete impulsive instants. Finally, two examples are provided to verify the theoretical results.     

Pinning impulsive stabilization for BAM reaction-diffusion neural networks with mixed delays

The exponential stabilization of BAM reaction-diffusion neural networks with mixed delays is discussed in this article. At first, a general pinning impulsive controller is introduced, in which the control functions are nonlinear and the pinning neurons are determined by reordering the state error. Next, based on the designed control protocol and the Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional approach, some novel and useful criteria, which depend on the diffusion coefficients and controlling parameters, are established to guarantee the global exponential stabilization of the considered neural networks. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy is shown by two numerical examples.     

Mean-square pinning control of fractional stochastic discrete-time complex networks

This paper considers the mean-square pinning control problem of fractional stochastic discrete-time complex networks. First, a new fractional stochastic discrete-time complex networks model with stochastic noise is established. Then, some pinning controllers and sufficient conditions are developed for the complex networks. By adopting Lyapunov energy function theory and matrix analysis theory, it proved that the synchronization of the fractional stochastic discrete-time complex networks can be achieved in a mean-square sense via pinning control. In addition, these results are extended to solve the synchronization problem of general fractional discrete-time complex networks without noise. Finally, several numerical examples are given to verify the correctness of the obtained theoretical results.     

Fixed-time pinning synchronization for delayed complex networks under completely intermittent control

The present study investigates the fixed-time synchronization issue for delayed complex networks under intermittent pinning control. Different from some existing semi-intermittent controllers for finite/fixed-time synchronization, our pinning controller is designed in a complete intermittent way. In order to address the encountered theoretical analysis difficulties, a new differential inequality lemma is developed, which is suitable for the fixed-time synchronization studies under periodic or aperiodic complete intermittent control. Then, by using Lyapunov theory and pinning control approach, sufficient conditions are proposed which can guarantee the aperiodically completely intermittent-controlled delayed complex networks realizing fixed-time pinning synchronization. Moreover, the settling time is explicitly estimated, which is irrelevant to the initial values of our network systems. Additionally, as a special case, the scenario of periodic complete intermittent control is also discussed. At last, some simulation examples are utilized to confirm our theoretical outcomes.     

Asymptotic stability of general linear dynamical networks under distributed relative-state feedback control

This paper investigates general linear dynamical networks (GLDNs), distributed relative-state feedback control, and pinning control. For symmetric GLDNs under distributed relative-state feedback control, some necessary and sufficient conditions for asymptotic stability are proposed. While for the asymmetric case, some sufficient conditions are derived. If the obtained stability conditions are not satisfied, one can design some pinning controllers to asymptotically stabilize the GLDNs. Compared with the existing results, the considered dynamical network model is more general, and the obtained theoretical results are novel.     

Asynchronous fault detection and robust control for switched systems with state reset strategy

This paper is concerned with the problem of simultaneous fault detection and control of switched systems under the asynchronous switching. A switching law and fault detection/control units called fault detector/controllers are designed to guarantee the fault sensitivity and robustness of the closed-loop systems. Different from the existing results, a state reset strategy is introduced in the process of fault detection/control, which reduces the conservatism caused by the jump of multiple Lyapunov functions at switching instants. Further, the proposed strategy is only dependent the state of fault detector/controllers, which is available when the system state is invalid. Finally, by using a performance gain transform technique, non-convex fault sensitivity conditions are converted into the convex error attenuation ones. This further improves the fault detection effect. A numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed results.     

Consensus of fractional-order multiagent system via sampled-data event-triggered control

This paper investigates the consensus of fractional-order multiagent systems via sampled-data event-triggered control. Firstly, an event-triggered algorithm is defined using sampled states. Thus, Zeno behaviors can be naturally avoided. Then, a distributed control protocol is proposed to ensure the consensus of fractional-order multiagent systems, where each agent updates its current state based on its neighbors’ states at event-triggered instants. Furthermore, the pinning control technology is taken into account to ensure all agents in multiagent systems reach the specified reference state. With the aid of linear matrix inequalities (LMI), some sufficient conditions are obtained to guarantee the consensus of fractional-order multiagent system. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the theoretical analysis.     

Event-triggered delayed impulsive control for nonlinear systems with applications

In this paper, we investigate the Lyapunov stability for general nonlinear systems by means of the event-triggered impulsive control (ETIC), in which the delayed impulses are greatly taken into account. On the basis of impulsive control theory, a set of Lyapunov-based sufficient conditions for uniform stability and asymptotic stability of the addressed system are obtained in the framework of event triggering, under which Zeno behavior is excluded. It is shown that our results depend on the event-triggering mechanism (ETM) and the time delays. Then the mentioned results are applied to synchronization of chaotic systems and moreover, a kind of impulsive controllers is designed in form of linear matrix inequality (LMI), where the delayed impulsive control can be activated only when events happen. In the end, to illustrate the validity of the mentioned theoretical results, we present a numerical example.     

Pinning synchronization of fractional-order memristor-based neural networks with multiple time-varying delays via static or dynamic coupling

This paper investigates global asymptotical synchronization between fractional-order memristor-based neural networks (FMNNs) with multiple time-varying delays (MTDs) by pinning control. Two classes of coupling manners, static manner and dynamic manner, are introduced into the pinning controller respectively. For the case of static coupling, to make the controller exclude fraction, 1-norm Lyapunov function and fractional Halanay inequality in MTDs case are utilized for synthesis of controller and convergence analysis of synchronization error. For the case of dynamic coupling, a fractional differential inequality is proved and discussed in an elaborate way, and then global asymptotical synchronization is analyzed by means of Lyapunov-like function and the newly-proved inequality. Lastly, numerical simulations are carried out to show the practicability of the pinning controllers and the feasibility of the obtained synchronization criteria.     

Robust multi-tracking of heterogeneous multi-agent systems with uncertain nonlinearities and disturbances

A robust multi-tracking problem is solved for heterogeneous multi-agent systems with uncertain nonlinearities and disturbances. The nonlinear function satisfies a Lipschitz condition with a time-varying gain, the integral of which is bounded by a linear function. A distributed impulsive protocol is proposed, where the position data and velocity data of desired trajectories are needed only at sampling instants. Based on the system decomposition technique, the error dynamic system of achieving multi-tracking is decomposed into two impulsive dynamic systems with vanishing perturbation and nonvanishing perturbation, respectively. Constructing a nominal model, then the multi-tracking problem is converted into the stability of impulsive dynamic system with nonvanishing perturbation under some conditions. It is proved that the proposed impulsive protocol is robust enough to solve the multi-tracking problem. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of our theoretical results.     

Finite-time stabilization of nonlinear systems via impulsive control with state-dependent delay

This paper focuses on the issue of finite-time stability for a general form of nonlinear systems subject to state-dependent delayed impulsive controller. Based on the Lyapunov theory and the impulsive control theory, sufficient conditions for finite-time stability (FTS) and finite-time contractive stability (FTCS) are obtained. Additionally, we apply theoretical results to finite-time synchronization of chaotic systems and design the effective state-dependent delayed impulsive controllers in terms of techniques of linear matrix inequality (LMI). Finally, we present two numerical examples of finite-time synchronization of cellular neural networks and Chua’s circuit to verify the effectiveness of our results.     

Stabilization of discrete-time switched singular time-delay systems under asynchronous switching

This paper is concerned with the problem of state feedback stabilization of a class of discrete-time switched singular systems with time-varying state delay under asynchronous switching. The asynchronous switching considered here means that the switching instants of the candidate controllers lag behind those of the subsystems. The concept of mismatched control rate is introduced. By using the multiple Lyapunov function approach and the average dwell time technique, a sufficient condition for the existence of a class of stabilizing switching laws is first derived to guarantee the closed-loop system to be regular, causal and exponentially stable in the presence of asynchronous switching. The stabilizing switching laws are characterized by a upper bound on the mismatched control rate and a lower bound on the average dwell time. Then, the corresponding solvability condition for a set of mode-dependent state feedback controllers is established by using the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

A survey on global pinning synchronization of complex networks

In practice, it is almost impossible to directly add a controller on each node in a complex dynamical network due to the high control cost and the difficulty of practical implementation, especially for large-scale networks. In order to address this issue, a pinning control strategy is introduced as a feasible alternative. The objective of this paper is first to recall some recent advancements in global pinning synchronization of complex networks with general communication topologies. A systematic review is presented thoroughly from the following aspects, including modeling, network topologies, control methodologies, theoretical analysis methods, and pinned node selection and localization schemes (pinning strategies). Fully distributed adaptive laws are proposed subsequently for the coupling strength as well as pinning control gains, and sufficient conditions are obtained to synchronize and pin a general complex network to a preassigned trajectory. Moreover, some open problems and future works in the field are also discussed.     

Fixed-time synchronization of delayed BAM neural networks via new fixed-time stability results and non-chattering quantized controls

In this paper, in order to obtain a smaller estimation of settling time, reduce chattering caused by sign function and improve network communication efficiency, the fixed-time (FXT) synchronization of delayed BAM neural networks is analyzed based on some new FXT stability results and non-chattering quantized controllers. Firstly, by comprehensively discussing the conditions of power laws in differential inequalities, a new FXT stability lemma is presented and a smaller upper bound of settling time is estimated. Then, unlike previous controllers with sign functions, a non-chattering quantized state feedback control and a non-chattering quantized pinning control are designed, and some sufficient conditions are derived to ensure FXT synchronization of the established system. Finally, two numerical simulations are given to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results. The results show that compared with the previous researches, this paper provides a smaller upper bound. However, the convergence time of the uncontrolled nodes is indirectly affected by the coupling of the controlled nodes and is much longer than the estimated upper bound.     

A variable gain impulsive observer for Lipschitz nonlinear systems with measurement noises

This paper investigates the variable gain impulsive observer design problem for Lipschitz nonlinear systems. It is assumed that the measurements are contaminated by noise and received by observer at aperiodic instants. To establish a tractable design condition for impulsive observers, the piecewise linear interpolation method is used to construct the variable gain function. To quantify the impact of the measurement noises and exogenous disturbance on the estimation error, a Lyapunov-based condition for establishing exponential input-to-state stability (EISS) property of the observation error dynamics is presented. Then it is shown that the EISS condition can be expressed as a set of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) by introducing a piecewise quadratic Lyapunov function. A convex optimization problem is proposed in which the EISS gain is minimized. Comparisons with the existing methods show the effectiveness of the proposed design technique.