战后成人教育发展的三种范式述评

新自由主义、批判主义和可持续发展是二战以来成人教育发展的三种范式。新自由主义强调成人教育在开发人力资本、培养现代人等方面对经济增长做出的重要贡献;批判主义突出成人教育在提升成人学习者个体批判与自我解放意识上的积极作用,旨在社会的平等和公正;可持续发展要求成人教育发展必须关注人、社会、经济、自然的和谐统一。每一种发展范式在不同程度上都有助于人们更好地理解和推动成人教育的实践,但同样也存有局限,它们不是相互取代而是还将继续共存。     

Gender structure and women’s agency: toward greater theoretical understanding of education for transformation

Under the research radar, and yet highly influential in transformation of practices concerning the social understanding and enactment of gender, are women-led non-governmental organizations (WNGOs). Their continued efforts to reconfigure gender identities and their impact on public policy formation have expanded notions of citizenship and democracy as well as moved social justice to greater levels of concreteness. This article seeks to contribute to the literature by probing the role of WNGOs as educational institutions that both create and disseminate knowledge about gender inequalities and gender justice and, in so doing, foster the formation of assertive individual and collective identities that subsequently influence the public arena through their advocacy of measures to reduce inequalities between women and men. The work by these WNGOs confirms the theoretical premise that to effect social change, new knowledge must be created by the very groups that seek to alter the disadvantageous conditions that confront them.     

自我导向学习及其与成人教育发展述评

自我导向学习孕育于成人教育,又推动成人教育的发展。自我导向学习对成人教育的发展影响巨大,奠定了成人教育学的学科基础,形成了成人学习的基本模式;澄清了成人学习认识上的误区,促进了成人学习研究的深化;推动了成人学习流派、学说的涌现和实践模式的建构。拓展理论基础、建构基本原理、加强课程领导和开发有效策略是自我导向学习在我国成人教育研究领域的发展趋势。     

成人自我导向学习理论及启示

终身学习是21世纪的生存概念,人们为了生存与发展必须终身学习.自我导向学习是近年来成人教育领域发展成型的重要理论之一.文章介绍了该理论的形成过程和主要内容,阐述了成人自我导向学习能力的内涵,进而从自我导向学习理论建构的内涵中获取其对成人教育的一些启示.     

井伏鳟二和战后“战争文学”

井伏鳟二是日本当代著名小说家。他的作品具有浓厚的现实主义和人道主义 ,文笔幽默、含蓄、轻松 ,在故作滑稽的谐趣中 ,常常透露出无限的悲怆。他在战后所写的一系列具有反战倾向的作品中 ,揭示了战争对人的精神摧残 ,军国主义思想对人的毒害 ;描述了战争的巨大破坏性 ,以及对人的生理和心理造成的严重伤害和恶劣影响 ;反映了人们反对战争 ,要求和平的强烈愿望 ,集中体现了日本战后“战争文学”的特点和独树一帜的“井伏文学”的艺术成就。     

再造学员间网上聚会以创造更好的学生支持服务环境

本文旨在阐述以瑞典民众高中和学习协会为独特形式的瑞典非正规成人教育中远程教育的特征。依据瑞典民众高中和学习协会的办学哲学思想,“会议式学习”是建构式学习的基石,特别是当学习的目的不是为了应付考试而进行信息复制时,更是如此。当学生需要进行分析和批判性地讨论时,他们需要组织小组会议以取得对论题的深刻理解。“会议式学习”这一独特特征在瑞典民众高中和学习协会中的实践已有一个世纪之久。现在,这种在修课学员之间组织小组面对面会议又在现代远程教育中再现,以创造一个更灵活的学习环境,促进深层次学习和提供更好的学生支持服务。瑞典民众高中的教师和学习圈的圈长越来越意识到,在现代化的信息技术的辅助下,创造远程的更好的学习条件是可能的。他们还认识到,创建一个学员们可以聚会、互相学习并相互给予更好支持的虚拟网上论坛也是可能的。而且,实践结果越来越清楚地显示出:远程学习并不只是第二等的选择,与面对面的会议相比,两者各具优点。     

Views from the blackboard: neoliberal education reforms and the practice of teaching in Ontario,Canada

This article discusses findings from two case studies examining the impact of neoliberal education reform on the classroom practice of teachers and adult educators in Ontario, Canada. We asked educators to comment on the impacts of 20 years of policy shifts in their classrooms. Teachers in public schools and adult literacy programmes echoed each other on issues of managerialism, privatisation and punitive accountability mechanisms. Both schoolteachers and adult educators made references to a reduction in autonomy and to an emerging ‘culture of fear’ in educational institutions and programmes. The experience of teachers highlights contradictions between the promises of neoliberalism and the ground-level impact of policy.     

After life review: autobiography as ‘art of the future’

When adult students write their life story, they gather selected life experiences and transform these onto the written page. In the course of this literary process they revisit sites of the past and reflect on the meaning of past events; many reconstruct these events from the point of view of the present, and most close their narrative by affirming their identity in the present and envisioning a possible future. Through an analysis of the written life narratives as well as research with one group of writers, a case is made for autobiography's power as an instructional method to bring new light to the past and deepen our sense of self and others.     

Learning at every age? Life cycle dynamics of adult education in Europe

Adult learning is seen as a key factor for enhancing employment, innovation and growth. The aim of this paper is to understand the points in the life cycle at which adult learning takes place and whether it leads to reaching a medium or high level of educational attainment. We perform a synthetic panel analysis of adult learning for cohorts aged 25–64 in 27 European countries using the European Union Labour Force Survey. We find that investment across the life cycle by cohorts older than 25 still occurs: participation in education and training as well as educational attainment increase observably across all cohorts. We also find that the decline with age slows down, or is even reversed for older cohorts, for both participation in education and educational attainment. Finally, we can identify cross-country differences in approach. In Nordic countries, adult learning is achieved primarily through participation in education and training without adding to formal educational attainment. In central Europe, adult learning occurs primarily in the form of increasing educational attainment. In Ireland and the UK, a combination of both approaches to adult learning is observable.     

走向生活美学:社区成人教育研究的新取向

在社区成人教育发展过程中,出现了"百人怪圈"、"唱唱跳跳"和"圈养"等典型现象。这些典型现象既是社区成人教育发展状态的现实呈现,也反映着人们对社区成人教育的认知状态。改革开放以来,社区成人教育一直处在教育理论和社区建设与发展理论的拉锯之中。社区成人教育的深入发展亟待探索出一种更加综合的理论视角。生活美学视角下的成人同时生活在周围世界、人际世界和自我世界中,社区成人教育与成人的生活质量提升密切相关,并应为此创造多种教育情境。     

人工智能浪潮下成人教育发展境遇转变及反思

当下,人工智能逐渐成为社会各领域热议的话题,人工智能的发展是一场影响人类日常生活与社会发展的技术性变革。成人教育在每一次科技变革中会产生直接广泛的社会效益,在人工智能浪潮的影响下,成人教育的发展必将受到影响与挑战。通过描述人工智能的兴起,从成人教育的活动场域、课程内容、实施主体等方面分析人工智能浪潮下成人教育发展境遇的可能性转变,研究反思成人教育迈向人工智能时代的合理路径。     

基于自我导向学习理论的成人教学策略探析

成人教育是形成终身教育体系和构建学习型社会的重要方式和保证,而我国的成人教学中却存在着教师角色错位、教学内容不实用、教学方法不适当等问题。自我导向学习可以激发成人的学习动机,赋予成人选择权,是提高成人教学效度的重要途径。因此,成人教学应汲取自我导向学习理论的精神实质,重定教师角色,尊重成人经验,形成学习契约,从而提高教学质量。     

成人教育面临的机遇与挑战——“2005年成人教育创新与学习型社会建设国际论坛”综述

四月的上海春意盎然，在风景如画的华东师范大学丽娃河畔不仅洋溢着一片醉人的春色，而且到处可以感受到浓浓的学术气息。     

成人学历教育对成人发展的意义——基于学习型社会的思考

以学习型社会为背景,从成人学历教育的发展回顾切入,着重分析成人学历教育在构建学习型社会中的作用及其对成人发展的重要意义。力求展现成人学历教育存在的必要性和必然性,以求为我国成人学历教育的未来发展提供建议。     

成人学习理论与教师继续教育

成人学习理论认为成人学习者具有不同于儿童学习的特征,成人教育中教师应当扮演成人学习促进者的角色。教师继续教育应以成人学习理论为基础,充分考虑教师工作和生活的困难;设计符合教师需求的教学内容;营造良好的学习环境;采用多样化的教学方式;提供自主学习的机会。