英语教学中语音错误的纠正

语音教学是英语教学中重要的一部分但也是教学中的弱项。学生在输出语言时会高频率地出现错误,老师对待错误有不同的观点并且有不同的纠错策略。这篇文章主要探讨错误的定义,何种错误值得老师花时间去纠正以及如何系统地纠正这些错误。旨在帮助老师形成对待学生语音错误的正确态度以及有效的纠错策略。     

Pathways to arithmetic: The role of visual-spatial and language skills in written arithmetic,arithmetic word problems,and nonsymbolic arithmetic

This study set out to develop and test a pathway model of the relations between general cognitive skills, specifically visual-spatial and spoken and written language skills, and competence in three forms of arithmetic that vary in modes of number representation. A total of 88 Chinese 4-year-olds participated and were tested first in kindergarten second grade (K2) and then in kindergarten third grade (K3). Language skills, including phonological, morphological, and visual-orthographic skills, and visual-spatial skills were measured at K2, and arithmetic outcomes, including written arithmetic, word problems, and nonsymbolic arithmetic, at K3. The results generally supported our model. Specifically, visual-spatial skills contributed to the prediction of all three types of arithmetic outcomes. Morphological skills predicted word problems, whereas phonological skills predicted written arithmetic. Finally, visual-orthographic skills contributed to both written and nonsymbolic arithmetic. These findings underscore the importance of delineating the specificity of cognitive processes in learning diverse forms of arithmetic.     

Remedial Testing and Placement in Community Colleges

Almost half of students who enter college require some sort of remedial coursework. Further, states are increasingly moving the responsibility of postsecondary remediation away from four-year campuses to two-year institutions. Scholars and policymakers have grappled with best practice for successfully filling in academic gaps and moving students forward, and there is variation both within and between states as to the ways in which remediation is defined, determined, and administered (Perin, 2006 Perin , D. ( 2006 ). Can community colleges protect both access and standards? The problem of remediation . Teachers College Record 108 ( 3 ), 339 – 373 .[Crossref], [Web of Science ®] , [Google Scholar]). Using a regression discontinuity design, this study seeks to answer the following question on one community college campus: How does placement into remedial services affect student outcomes, in particular, successful completion of an introductory college-level English course? Although this study focuses on a single community college system, the findings have bearing on a wider sector as the developmental placement practices of Harper Community College District are not unlike those implemented by two- and four-year campuses across the country.     

Early number and arithmetic performance of Ecuadorian 4-5-year-olds

This study aimed at (a) constructing a reliable and valid test to assess Ecuadorian 4–5-year olds’ number and arithmetic skills; (b) providing empirical data on Ecuadorian 4–5-year olds’ number and arithmetic skills; and (c) confronting these children’s actual performances with the performances expected by national experts in this domain. We administered the Test of Early Number and Arithmetic (TENA), developed on the basis of the Ecuadorian mathematics standards to 86 Preschoolers and 127 Kindergartners and asked 10 experts to evaluate TENA’s validity and predict children’s performances on it. Results supported the overall reliability and validity of the TENA. Furthermore, we observed differences in number and arithmetic competencies between and within Preschoolers and Kindergartners, but not between boys and girls. Finally, experts overestimated children’s performances on the test. The scientific and practical implications of these results are discussed.     

Assessing a Remedial Intervention Programme in Developing the Planning Skills of Grade 4 and 5 Learners

The search for assessment procedures that are more fair and useful have led to the investigation of alternatives to traditional forms of intellectual assessment. This study explored an alternative which combined a dynamic assessment approach with the Planning, Attention, Simultaneous and Successive Processing (PASS) model of cognitive processing. The aim was to investigate the effectiveness of a planning intervention programme based on Feuerstein’s criteria for Mediated Learning Experience (MLE) with a group of Grade 4 and 5 remedial school learners who presented with a range of barriers to learning. Twenty six learners were assigned to the experimental group and 25 to the control group. The results showed that there was a significant improvement in the experimental group’s Planning Scale score on the Cognitive Assessment System, following the intervention. These results imply that children often have far greater potential than is realised and that intentional mediation can help to enhance cognitive functioning and assist in further developing children’s learning potential.     

Problem solving in arithmetic

Growing numbers of children face conditions that severely limit their ability to learn and develop in good health. As a consequence, both P-12 schooling and higher education will need to modify their practices to help these children reach their full potential. Family-centered integrated services systems, in conjunction with interprofessional preparation, are proposed as being important steps in meeting the needs of disadvantaged children and families. Suggestions for implementation of family-centered programming are offered, and issues that need consideration at the postsecondary level in order to pursue interprofessional collaboration are discussed. Collaboration is essential to the process.     

Accommodating the Remedial Student in the Content Class

The authors examined how the regular use of Monte Carlo Quizzes, learning logs, or non-random quizzes impacted student completion of assigned reading and preparedness for class. A questionnaire was used to gather data on student perceptions and self-reported reading behavior in response to each of the methods over the course of a semester. Results suggested that students in classes that used the learning log method were more motivated to complete readings, felt better able to contribute to class discussions, and were more likely to recommend the assessment method than students in classes that used the other methods.     

Early cognitive profiles predicting reading and arithmetic skills in grades 1 and 7

The aim of this study was to investigate cognitive profiles composed of skills predicting the overlap between reading and arithmetic in kindergarten (phonological awareness, letter knowledge, rapid automatized naming, and counting sequence knowledge) and the relation of these profiles to reading and arithmetic skills at Grades 1 and 7. A total of four distinct cognitive profiles were identified in an unselected sample of 1,710 children aged 5–6 years: (1) high linguistic and high counting skills (39.2%), (2) low linguistic and low counting skills (25.4%), (3) high counting skills in relation to linguistic skills (15.3%), and (4) low counting skills in relation to linguistic skills (20.1%). Among most of the children (about 65%), the linguistic and counting skills varied together. Children characterized by high or low overall performance levels across linguistic and counting skills also showed, predictably, high or low overall performance levels in subsequent reading and arithmetic skills in Grades 1 and 7. Children characterized by a discrepancy between linguistic and counting skills (about 35% of the children) in turn showed somewhat discrepant subsequent levels of reading and arithmetic skills. The results point towards individual variation (i.e., heterogeneity) in cognitive profiles that predict both reading and arithmetic skills in Grades 1 and 7. Based on these findings, the linguistic and basic number skills predict differently the overlap between reading and arithmetic in Grades 1 and 7 depending on cognitive profile. The weaknesses across linguistic and counting skills are a greater risk for persistent overlapping difficulties in reading and arithmetic than weaknesses in only one of the learning domains. For difficulties in arithmetic skill development, however, weaknesses in only counting skills present an equal risk compared to weaknesses evident across linguistic and counting skills.     

Causes of Mistranslation in English and the Remedial Measures

Mistranslation is a very common phenomenon in the process of English translation.Some translations seem right but actually wrong.It is said that to the Chinese they are right but to the foreigners they do not conform to their customs.Mistranslation may appear in many fields and the causes of mistranslation are also various.This paper takes some examples of mistranslation in technology and tourism English.It also analyses the causes of mistranslation in English through examples.Finally,the corresponding remedial measures are followed.     

An Experimental Study in Remedial Teaching in College Freshman Mathematics

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a specific cell, Memory of Figural Units–Visual Mode (MFU-V), of the Structure of Intellect (SOI) can be significantly affected by training kindergarten and first-grade children, and whether improvement in MFU-V has a significant (.05 level) effect on reading achievement of first grade children. A pre- and posttest design for experimental and control groups was used. Results showed an overall statistical significance (.05) of medians of the experimental over control in reading accuracy. No significant difference was evident in memory improvement between experimental and control groups. One-hundred and seventeen pupils were involved in this study.