Reading‐retarded Icelandic Children: the discriminant validity of psychological tests

Discriminant validity of several psychological tests was investigated for a sample of reading‐retarded and normal Icelandic fifth grade children. Differentiation was greatest on verbal intelligence, accounting for 40% of the variation, and on various other verbal tests accounting for almost 40% of the remaining variation. Benton Visual Retention Test was the only visual‐spatial test that discriminated between the two groups. Apart from verbal intelligence the Expressive scale of the Luria‐Nebraska Neuropsychogical Battery discriminated most highly between the groups and was the only measure with incremental validity over the intelligence measures. Cluster analysis revealed two reading‐retarded subgroups. One was an undifferenti‐ated group characterized by lowered level of performance on all measures and heterogeneous individual profiles. The second cluster was very compact with specific delay on verbal measures, possibly indicating sequencing difficulties. The results indicate the need for an adequate intelligence measure in Iceland and the development of refined measures of specific verbal skills.

     

Primary teachers’ self‐perceptions concerning implementation of the National Curriculum for science in the UK

This paper reports on selected aspects of data, with special reference to science, derived from a survey of primary school teachers as part of the Leverhulme Primary Project at the University of Exeter.

A national sample of teachers (N = 901) across 152 schools was surveyed in order to ascertain teachers’ perceptions of competence and needs with respect to the new National Curriculum in the UK. Initially, data were collected in relation to ten subject areas and generic teaching skills, with provision made for free‐form responses concerning National Curriculum implementation.

Selected aspects of these data, principally related to the National Curriculum core area of science, were subjected to detailed further analysis and are reported. Variables identified from the survey findings, and of concern to science educators, included early subject specialism, years of teaching and gender. These were probed for relationships and significance. The tension between competing National Curriculum requirements for specialist subject knowledge and generalist teaching skills was explored.

Findings have implications for innovation in approaches to staff development to cater for perceived needs, teacher educators and curriculum alignment.     

A note on the converse of Lagrange’s theorem

In this section of Resonance, we invite readers to pose questions likely to be raised in a classroom situation. We may suggest strategies for dealing with them, or invite responses, or both. ??Classroom?? is equally a forum for raising broader issues and sharing personal experiences and viewpoints on matters related to teaching and learning science.     

A note on the Marcinkiewicz integral operators on Fp^a,q

In this paper, we shall prove that the Marcinkiewicz integral operator #n, when its kernel Ω satisfies the L^1-Dini condition, is bounded on the Triehel-Lizorkin spaces. It is well known that the Triehel-Lizorkin spaces are generalizations of many familiar spaces such as the Lehesgue spaces and the Soholev spaces. Therefore, our result extends many known theorems on the Marcinkiewicz integral operator. Our method is to regard the Marcinkiewicz integral operator as a vector valued singular integral. We also use another characterization of the Triehel-Lizorkin space which makes our approach more clear.     

The psychometric properties of the Bem sex‐role inventory: Questions concerning reliability and validity

This investigation examined criticisms of the Bem Sex‐Role Inventory, a measure of gender orientation, and further examined its reliability and validity. Study 1 produced a two factor solution which was similar to other analyses. Study 2 demonstrated what adjectives best described males and females in American society. From the two studies, a revision of the Bem Sex‐Role Inventory was proposed with 10 items each measuring masculinity and femininity.     

A note of Romam dominating function

A Romam dominating function on a graph G = (V , E) is a function f : V → {0,1,2} satisfying the condition that every vertex v for which f(v)=0 is adjacent to at least one vertex x for which f(x)=2, denoted by f = (V0 , V1 , V2). The weight of a Roman dominating function is the value f(V)=∑v∈V=2n2 n1, where |Vi|= ni (i=0,1,2), the minimum weight of a Ronam dominating function denoted by γ R (G ). In this paper, we give an upper bound of γ R (G ), and at the same time, we answer an open problem posed in [1].     

Spur‐of‐the‐moment speeches

This study investigated the degree to which applicants' perceptions of interview behaviors differed from interviewers' perceptions. Data were drawn from 188 actual employment interviews conducted under the auspices of a university‐operated placement center. Data analyses revealed applicants rating themselves and the interviewers significantly higher than the interviewers' ratings of either themselves or the applicants.     

Sixth‐formers reading ‘the troubles’: A cross‐community investigation

Abstract

This paper presents the findings of a one‐year (2002–2003) action research project conducted in a representative number of post‐primary schools across the sectarian divide in Belfast. The research investigated the responses of sixth‐form students to a number of carefully chosen texts focused on ‘The Troubles’. In analysing the pupils’ responses, it was discovered that, although inherited sectarian tensions persist, it is possible in many cases to encourage pupils to critically examine their attitudes and even abandon some prejudices. The key elements are the choice of texts and the need to provide ample and skilfully directed opportunity for dialogue and reflection. These findings are particularly relevant in the current climate of curriculum change, with the new emphasis on ‘diversity’ as well as ‘local and global citizenship’.     

A six‐month report on the personality development of a thirteen‐year‐old stuttering boy

THE PROSPECT OF RHETORIC. Edited by Lloyd F. Bitzer and Edwin Black. Englewood Cliffs, N. J.: Prentice‐Hall, 1971; pp. xii+244. $7.95.     

Subjective theory： A culture comparison concerning well-being

The matter of this study comparing four cultures （China, Germany, France and Bulgaria） is the influence of cultural patterns on subjective life satisfaction. The qualitative results are presented in this report. They show that there are culturally specific tendencies as well as cross-culturally comprehensive ones. A vision of paradise and a general idea of what is luck exist in all cultures, while the specific characteristics of these concepts differ from culture to culture.     

A sociologist looks at the twelve‐month school year

Elementary Manual of Physiology. By Russell Burton‐Opitz (Columbia University). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Co., 1925. Pp.413. Price, $2.50.

Geology in Its Relation to Landscape. By Juntos Henderson. Boston: Stratford Co. Pp. 362; 94 illustrations, half‐tones. Price, $2.50.

The Psychology of Social Institutions. By Charles Hubbard Judd (University of Chicago). New York: Macmillan Co., 1926. Pp. ix + 346.

Why Children Succeed. By Stuart A. Courtis (Detroit Teachers College). Detroit: Courtis Standard Tests, 1925. Pp. 271.

Applied Print‐Shop Mathematics. By C. W. Hague (The Stout Institute, Menomonie, Wis.). Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Co., 1925. Pp. 32. Price, 28 cents.

Automotive Repair. By Homer J. Smith (University of Minnesota) and Roy S. Kern. Peoria: The Manual Arts Press, 1925. Pp. 123. Price, $1.

Permanent Bird Houses. By Gladstone Califf. Milwaukee: The Bruce Publishing Co., 1924. Pp. 64. Price, $1.

Caleb Heathcote. By Dixon Ryan Pox. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1926. Pp. vii + 301. Price, $3.

Wood Finishing. By Harry R. Jeffrey (Kansas State Teachers College). Peoria: The Manual Arts Press, 1924. Pp. 175. Price, $1.50.

Vertebrate Zoölogy. By Henry Sherring Pratt (Haverford College). Boston: Ginn &; Co., 1925. Pp. xi + 341. Price, $2.20.

Constructive School Discipline. By Walter Robinson Smith (University of Kansas). Cincinnati: American Book Co., 1924. Pp.275. Price, $1.40.

Far Away and Long Ago. By W. H. Hudson. New York: E. P. Dutton &; Co., 1925. Pp. xiv + 332. Price, $1.10.

Elements of Chemistry. By William Foster (Princeton University). New York: D. Van Nostrand Co., 1925. Pp. xviii + 576. Price, $2.

Brief Guide to the Project Method. By James F. Hosic and Sara E. Chase. Yonkers, N. Y.: World Book Co., 1924. Pp. x + 243.

Expository Writing. By William S. Dye, Jr. (Pennsylvania State College). Richmond, Va: Johnson Publishing Co., 1926. Pp. ix + 372.

Oral and Written English. Upper Book. By Milton C. Potter, H. Jeschke, and Harry O. Gillet. Boston: Ginn &; Co., 1926. Pp. xvi + 510. Price, $0.96.

Elements of Astronomy. By Edward A. Fath (Carleton College). New York: McGraw‐Hill Book Co., Inc., 1926. Pp. viii + 307. Price, $3.

National Spelling Scale for Senior High Schools. By John J. Tipton (Assistant Superintendent, Allegany County, Md.). Mountain Lake Park, Md.: National Publishing Co., 1926.

The Music of the Spheres; a Nature Lover's Astronomy. By Florence A. Grondal. New York: The Macmillan Co., 1926. Pp. xiii + 334. Price, $5.

Investigations in the Teaching of Science. By Francis D. Curtis (University of Michigan). Philadelphia: P. Blakiston's Son &; Co., 1926. Pp. xvii + 341. Price, $2.

Food Study for High Schools. By Mabel T. Wellman. Boston: Little, Brown &; Co., 1926. Pp. xix + 528. Price, $1.50.

The Science of Things About Us. By Charles E. Rush and Amy Winslow. Boston: Little, Brown &; Co., 1926. Pp. xiii + 318. Price, 90 cents.

Introductory College Chemistry. By Neil E. Gordon (University of Maryland). Yonkers: World Book Co., 1926. Pp. xiv + 688. Price, $3.80.

The Learner and His Attitude. By Garry Cleveland Myers (Cleveland School of Education). Chicago: Benj. H. Sanborn &; Co., 1925. Pp. xiii + 418.

The Psychology of Elementary Education. By A. S. Edwards (University of Georgia). Cambridge: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1925. Pp. xvi + 333.

Children's Drawings. Stella Agnes McCarty, editor. Baltimore: Williams &; Wilkins Co., 1924. Pp. 164. Price, $3.

Methods of Handling Test Scores. By Luella Cole Pressey (The Ohio State University) and Sidney Leavitt Pressey (The Ohio State University). Yonkers: World Book Co., 1926. Pp. iv + 60. Price, $0.60.

One Hundred and One Famous Poems. Published by The Cable Co., Chicago, 1924. Pp. 186. Prices: Paper binding, $0.25; cloth binding, $1; De Luxe edition, $1.50.

The Word Builder. By Nina Joy Bellinger and Belle A. Mackinnon. New York: Charles Scribnert Sons, 1926. Pp. viii+ 162.

Our Unitarian Heritage. By Earl Morse Wilbur (Pacific Unitarian School for the Ministry). Boston: The Beacon Press, Inc., 1925. Pp. xiii + 485.

American Literature. By John Calvin Metcalf (University of Virginia). Richmond, Va.: Johnson Publishing Co., 1925. Pp. 562.

Office Training and Standards. By Frank C. McClelland. Chicago: A. W. Shaw Co., 1925. Pp. xviii + 283.

Letters from Famous People. By Sharpless D. Green. New York: The Gregg Publishing Co., 1925. Pp. xvii + 362.

Chemical Calculations. By Bernard Jaffe. Yonkers, N. Y.: World Book Co., 1926. Pp. xv + 159. Price, $1.28.

Stories for Junior High Schools. Edited by William Rabenort. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1926. Pp. 416.