How an orientation to learning influences the expansive–restrictive nature of teacher learning and change

This study examined teachers’ learning situated in a school to reveal factors that support and hinder learning in the workplace. The investigation analyzed teachers’ orientation to learning, examining beliefs, practices, and experiences about teachers’ learning in relation to change in the workplace. A hypothesis is that teacher learning and change is complex and unable to be fully understood outside of practice. Evidence is provided on the factors and forms of learning activities that appear to strengthen an expansive learning environment and those which contribute to a more restrictive learning environment. A distinctive finding was that teachers’ orientation to learning is related to self-reported change. Another promising finding with the potential of better understanding the interrelated combination of how teachers’ beliefs, practices, and workplace factors influence change was related to dissonance for learning. The implications for practice involved determining how to continue to support and strengthen an expansive workplace learning environment.     

工作场的学习:概念、认知基础与教学模式

工作场的学习是过去10多年间西方学习科学研究的一个热点.虽然其概念还存在争议,但所有的定义都强调了现场任务与目标、学习者之间以及与指导者之间互动的重要性.工作场的学习的认知机制有别于学校的学习,其认知基础是整体认知理论和社会文化的建构主义,与工作场的学习相适应的教学模式是弹性教学,特别是认知学徒制.深入探讨工作场的学习的意义与过程,对于反思和改进学校教育具有重大价值.     

思想政治理论课教学生活化探析——基于“淘课”热的思考

思想政治理论课教学生活化是应对\"淘课\"热的必需选择。针对思想政治理论课教学知识化、封闭化、单一化、工具性弊端,需要全面实现思想政治理论课教学内容、目的、实施的生活化。     

西方关于学习困难学生的阅读理解策略教学研究

回顾了西方关于学习困难学生的阅读理解策略教学的兴起、现状和未来发展方向。重点从教学内容和教学方法两方面介绍了阅读理解策略教学的发展现状 ,并从中揭示出主体性、整体化和灵活性的发展特点。     

情境教学过程中的信息冗余现象浅析

情境教学越来越受到人们的重视,信息冗余是情境教学过程中可能会出现的一种不利现象。本文主要探讨情境教学过程中可能产生的信息冗余现象并提出解决对策。     

Exploring woman university physics students ‘doing gender’ and ‘doing physics’

This article explores what it can mean to be a woman physics student. A case study approach is used to explore how five women who are studying physics at a Swedish university simultaneously negotiate their doing of physics and their doing of gender. By conceptualising both gender and learning as aspects of identity formation, the analysis of the interviews with the five women offers insights into the nuances and complexities of how women relate to the gendered disciplinary culture of physics. This contrasts how research on gender and physics education has been predominantly concerned with comparisons of female and male students' attitudes and/or achievements. Furthermore, the analysis brings to the fore how it is not just the masculine connotations of physics that shape the experiences of the five women, but also the expectations on female physics students.     

Perspectives of Schooling through Karaoke: A metaphorical analysis

This paper plays with education through the analogy of karaoke to tease out the instructions of a situated educational practice. Here, Cremin's conceptualization of education as a deliberate, systematic and sustained effort is employed as a starting point to enable an understanding of educational practice between members elicited by karaoke. Using Garfinkel's ethnomethodological framework, the paper investigates modes of education through karaoke practice as part of the ‘live’ narrative, that of instructing and being instructed with the ‘curriculum’ of the event at hand.     

案例教学法和情境教学法结合在高职高专英语教学中的应用

国家关于职业教育培养目标和培养方式进一步改革,同时也对高等职业教育英语课程教学提出新的要求,顺应一系列改革的呼声,高职高专英语教学也要做出相应的调整。本文通过分析建构主义理论及其相关的教学模式和教学方法提出将案例教学法和情境教学法结合的高职高专职业英语教学模式。     

中国古代职业教育的主要教育形式——艺徒制

艺徒制是学徒边从事劳动边接受师傅关于操作技艺教育的一种教育形式。它兴起于奴隶社会,发展完善于封建社会,是中国古代职业教育最为典型的教育形式之一。艺徒制以“言传身教”“心传”为特色,注重现场学习,以亲密的师徒关系维系,同时也存在教育效率低、周期长等缺欠。     

情境认知论与高校现代汉语教学改革

情境认知论提出的\"学习是在特定情境中对知识的建构\"的先进理念,对高校现代汉语教学改革具有启示意义和指导作用。遵循知识习得规律,高校现代汉语教学必须从教学理念到考核方式进行全方位的情境化改革,才能走出困境,重获生机。     

聚焦于项目的情境学习机制研究

从聚焦于项目的情境学习的相关概念厘定入手,首先阐明引发学习的两大因素和两个条件,重点论述了学习发生的过程,在分析学习阶段的基础上,揭示了聚焦于项目的情境学习的本质——行动路径。最后,阐明聚焦于项目的情境学习最终结果是获得情境体验和问题解决路径。     

Trajectories in teacher education: Recognising prior learning in practice

This article analyses the trajectories into teacher education of a group of child minders who are studying to become pre-school teachers. The specific focus is what impact their prior experiences and learning from pre-school have on their trajectories, and how these experiences and learning are recognised in the first year of teacher education. A situated learning perspective is applied, with a focus on participation and trajectories in the two communities of practice in which teacher education is situated – the university and the pre-school. The data consist of transcribed interviews with ten student teachers, and additional data are gathered from stakeholders in the program. The results show that prior experiences and learning are given implicit and indirect recognition. In the practice of the pre-school, the trajectory means a shift in identity, from child minder to student teacher and pre-school teacher. In the practice of the university, prior experiences and learning help students in their trajectories from peripheral to fuller participation.     

情境学习理论在研究生教学中的应用

研究生教学存在着目标狭窄、研究性和自主性不足、评价随意等弊病。情境学习是最适合为研究生的教学改革提供理论指导的一种学习理论。从情境学习理论的视角看,研究生的教学应是高层次的素质教育,可以采取构建学习共同体、提供案例、强化实践教学、促进反思、实施过程性与自主性评价等具体的教学策略。     

Situating graphs as workplace knowledge

We investigate the use and knowledge of graphs in the context of a large industrial factory. We are particularly interested in the question of “transparency”, a question that has been extensively considered in the general literature on tool use and, more recently, by Michael Roth and his colleagues in the context of scientific work. Roth uses the notion of transparency to characterise instances of graph use by highly educated scientists in cases where the context was familiar: the scientists were able to read the situation “through” the graph. This paper explores the limits of the validity of the transparency metaphor. We present two vignettes of actual graph use by a factory worker, and contrast his actions and knowledge with that of a highly qualified process engineer working on the same production line. We note that in neither case the graphs were transparent. We argue that a fuller account that describes a spectrum of transparency is needed, and we seek to achieve this by adopting some elements of a semiotic approach that enhance a strictly activity-theoretical view.     

An Exploratory Study of Situated Conceptions of Learning and Learning Environments

This paper describes a study designed to test whether situated conceptions of learning can be measured using questionnaires, and the relations between these aspects of students’ awareness, their awareness of other environmental variables, and their learning outcomes. A situated conception of learning is one that is evoked and adopted by students in response to their perceptions of their learning tasks in a particular context. It may reflect the aims they have for their studies, once they have started that study and experienced that study environment. The results from this small-scale, limited-context study showed that when students perceived the learning environment as being more supportive of learning, they were more likely to describe a situated conception of learning that was more closely aligned with those promoted by the University. They also had higher scores on the deep approach to learning scale, lower scores on the surface approach scale, and expected to leave university with a higher degree classification. These associations, which suggest that situated conceptions, like prior experience of learning, may be a crucial indicator of learning approach and outcomes of learning, are sufficiently large to warrant more rigorous investigations.     

多媒体技术与数学"情境-问题"教学

如何将现代教育技术与"情境-问题"教学结合起来是摆在我们面前的重要课题,为此可以从以下几方面进行尝试:创设合作实验情境、动态变化情境、空间想象情境、游戏扮演情境,以促使学生通过主动的心理建构活动,获得真实反映客观规律的认知结构,形成有效解决问题的认知能力.