实验室开放与大学物理设计性实验

开放实验室使得大学物理设计性实验能够得到进一步开展,通过设计性实验这一优良载体培养学生的动手、动脑以及创新思维能力,全面提高大学生综合素质。     

材料物理专业实验室的建设与管理实践

结合材料物理专业实验教学改革情况,介绍了近年来我们实验室建设和管理的实践经验及取得的成效。总结了目前存在的问题并对未来的发展提出了建议。     

大学物理演示实验室的开放与管理

物理学习离不开实验的支撑,只有科学的试验,才能够使理论知识同实践结合起来。因此,大学物理演示实验室在大学物理学习中发挥着重要的作用,所以,需要将实验室的开放和管理工作做好。     

物理实验教学与实验室建设的思考

阐述了物理实验教学和实验室建设的现状及存在的问题，并讨论了如何解决这些现存问题方法，进而推动物理实验教学和实验室建设，     

Starting small in assessment change: short in-class written responses

This paper is focused on an innovation which involved students being assessed on short written responses to an issue to be addressed in the following classroom session. The innovation was evaluated through a student survey, individual and focus-group interviews with participants, and the analysis of a critical friend. Positive findings included promoting student preparation and reflection, and enabling the teacher to understand students’ prior knowledge before the next session. Challenges included some student misperceptions about the assessment innovation, and the difficulty of assessing the short responses efficiently and reliably. The analysis suggests that starting small is a useful principle for assessment change. The discussion also brings out some wider issues of incentives and barriers for assessment innovation, and sketches some related future research directions.     

Preordained science and student autonomy: the nature of laboratory tasks in physics classrooms

The central question facing humankind is 'What kind of society are we to have?' We argue that in order to begin to answer this question, citizens need to recognize that one of the driving forces determining our society is that science is a human social activity like any other. This flies in the face of much of the rhetoric and ideology about science - the stories and myths of formal and informal education. We wish to encourage both a socially responsible science and a public mindful of its strengths and weaknesses. We explore two case studies to illustrate our concerns. These are the construction of knowledge about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), and the social construction of safety standards for exposure to low-level ionizing radiation. These two health-related controversial scientific issues illustrate the problematic nature of much of science and the implications for the public at large.     

理化实验室管理信息系统的研究与实现

为了满足材料物理与化学实验室科学管理的需求,采用C#语言、Microsoft Visual Studio软件开发工具和Microsoft Access数据库技术,设计开发了一套包括用户管理、药品库存管理、仪器设备管理、实验室消耗品库存管理和库存余量预警管理模块的实验室管理信息系统。经过试用证明,该系统实用性强、操作简单、运行稳定,能够保证实验室的高效运行。     

半开放教学法实验室促进中学物理教学能力的提高

中学物理教学法实验是高师物理教育专业不可缺少的重要课程。传统的教学法实验学生的实验能力得不到应有的发展和提高，中学物理教学法实验室半开放，它改变了传统的学生实验的被动局面，对师范生实验技能的培养起到了传统教学模式所难以获得的成效。     

Learning in physics by doing laboratory work: towards a new conceptual framework

Drawing on a study that explores university students’ experiences of doing laboratory work in physics, this article outlines a proposed conceptual framework for extending the exploration of the gendered experience of learning. In this framework situated cognition and post‐structural gender theory are merged together. By drawing on data that aim at exploring the gendered experience of learning in physics in the laboratory setting, a case is made for the proposed conceptual framework to facilitate an analysis of gender as an active process that relates the dynamics of this process to the emerging physicist identities of the students. In other words, this framework allows for an analysis of the gendered learning experiences in a context such as physics education that goes well beyond the usual ‘women‐friendly’ teaching approaches.     

Starting small: Building preschool teacher knowledge that supports early literacy development

A growing body of research is emerging that investigates the teacher knowledge base essential for supporting reading and writing development at the elementary school level. However, even though increasing recognition is given to the pivotal role that preschool teachers play in cultivating children’s early literacy development, considerably fewer studies have examined the knowledge base of these early childhood educators. This paper will discuss the existing research literature and then examine a recent study that investigated the knowledge constructs of 20 preschool teachers. Findings indicate that preschool teachers lack the disciplinary knowledge required to promote early literacy and, in fact, tend to overestimate what they know, creating a potential obstacle for seeking additional knowledge. Recommendations for strengthening professional development programs and developing more robust measures of preschool teacher knowledge are proposed.     

探索新校区示范中心下基础物理实验室建设

针对目前高校实验技术人员流动的情况,由多专业构成的中山大学东校区基础物理实验室抓住新校区建设的机会,充分发挥各自专长建设实验室,并取得成效。     

解决物理计算题不应忽略的一个"小"细节

在一些物理计算题中,经常出现"至少"、"最多"等一些特定的强调,对这类特定强调,有的物理教师在解决问题时常常忽略.现举几例简单的问题进行分析,供参考.     

Role of the microcomputer‐based laboratory display in supporting the construction of new understandings in thermal physics

Teachers' failure to use the microcomputer‐based laboratory (MBL) more widely may be a result of not recognizing its capacity to transform laboratory activities. This research aimed to increase understanding of how MBL activities designed to be consistent with a constructivist theory of learning support or constrain student construction of understanding. The first author conducted the research with his Year 11 physics class of 15 students. Dyads addressed 10 tasks in thermal physics using a predict–observe–explain format. Data sources included video and audio recordings of students and teacher during four 70‐minute sessions, students' computer data and written notes, semistructured student interviews, and the teacher's journal. Analysis of students' discourse identified many instances in which students' initial understandings of thermal physics were mediated in multiple ways by the screen display. The findings are presented as eight assertions. Recommendations are made for developing pedagogical strategies incorporating MBL activities that will likely catalyze student construction of understanding. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 41: 165–185, 2004     

New assessment process in an introductory undergraduate physics laboratory: an exploration on collaborative learning

A new team learning assessment process was designed and tested in a first-year university physics laboratory class. The assessment process was designed to provide a strong incentive for students to cooperate and feel responsible for each other’s learning and fostering a sense of collaboration rather than competition. Specifically, the new assessment process involves randomly dividing students into teams of four to work on a physics experiment and, at the end of the laboratory session, randomly selecting only one team member to carry out a post-laboratory session performance task. The results indicate that learning outcomes were not compromised in the new assessment process and that peer instruction was employed to a greater extent compared to our standard process. Student responses from a post-assessment survey revealed that 76% of students considered our new assessment process to be fair, whereas 57% of students felt our standard process was fair. The new assessment process used in this study led to a 75% reduction in grading duties – an advantage for large class management.