硕士毕业生求职行为与就业结果关系分析

基于研究型大学S大学的实证调研,收集了806名硕士研究生有效样本,运用均值比较、F检验和回归分析法,从资源动员与行为时间视角,探讨了求职行为与就业结果的关系。研究发现:学校资源是硕士生使用最多的求职资源;求职行为时间开始越早,学校社会资源使用越多,越有利于硕士生实现就业。     

社会网络与农村大学生就业——一个社会资本的视角

本文以社会资本理论为背景，从社会资本的结构本身的层次来探讨农村大学生的就业。社会资本是无形的，农村大学生以家庭为主要载体的社会资本水平又相对低，在目前的就业形势日益严峻的情况下，农村大学生只能在弱关系中动员这种社会资源即人际关系网络资源。通过实证研究，农村大学生只要充分动员和摄取弱关系网络，就可以获得就业信息资源。这是他们求职的有效途径，因此，农村大学生要积极主动地积累和建构社会资本（社会关系网络）。     

大学生求职行为特点及就业对策研究

大学生就业难问题已成为全社会关注的焦点问题。要解决大学生就业难问题,就必须了解大学生求职行为特点,探究大学生求职影响因素,笔者通过查阅文献、进行访谈和发放问卷的方法进行调查研究后,提出了有针对性的就业指导对策:一是,学校要提供个性化就业服务,引导做好职业生涯规划;二是,学校要树立全程化就业指导服务理念,构建就业教育服务体系;三是,争取社会支持资本,构建就业信息资源体系;四是,毕业生要端正心态,提高求职就业核心竞争力。以期为大学生求职就业和高校就业指导工作提供借鉴,构建科学的求职就业辅导体系。     

改善求职行为提升就业能力

有效的求职行为是大学生就业能力的关键.探索求职行为的影响因素和机制,通过引导学生形成积极的职业归因风格、树立科学的职业价值观、提高职业决策自我效能感、明确求职意向、培养健康人格等措施有针对性地改善大学生求职行为,对于提高求职行为的实效性,提高大学生就业能力有着重要的意义.     

大学生从学校到工作转换的研究

对227名大四学生生涯转换中的心理资源及求职行为与结果的研究发现:(1)大学生在从学校到工作的转换中拥有的心理资源总体处于中等略高的水平,且在不同维度上存在显著差异:准备性最高,社会支持次之,自信与控制再次,决策独立性最低;(2)家庭月人均收入处于不同水平的个体在准备性上差异显著,收入越高,准备性越低; (3)大学生的求职行为与心理资源对求职结果有显著的正向预测作用(R2=.456,P＜.000).     

基于社会认知职业理论的新时期高校毕业生就业心态与求职行为调查和对策研究

本研究基于社会认知职业理论,使用心理量表对422名2023届高校毕业生进行调查,探讨毕业生就业心态与求职行为的现状及其关系。结果发现：毕业生认为就业主要受社会变化、岗位技能与知识需求变化的影响;求职行为会影响就业结果,而求职行为受到职业目标、求职清晰度、主动性和完美主义等心理变量,以及性别、生源地、专业类别等人口学变量的共同影响。本研究表明,要重视从心理学的角度理解高校毕业生的就业心态和求职行为,构建全周期的大学生职业生涯规划教育体系,以促进新时代高校毕业生的就业。     

大学生集群行为的发生要素分析及预警机制的建立

大学生集群行为是影响和谐校园建设的重要因素,深入探析大学生集群行为的发生要素,了解集群行为背后的发生原因及形成条件,对于今后高校校园稳定及人才培养具有重要意义.文章主要从社会、高校、学生自身等三个层面分析了大学生集群行为的发生原因,并从环境条件、普遍压力及类似情感、直接诱因、行为动员等方面指出了大学生集群行为的形成条件,最后从建立科学预警机制的角度提出了一些对策建议,以期解决当下大学生集群行为突发的状况.     

基于大学生求职过程的高校就业指导

大学生求职过程可以分为求职准备、应聘筛选和进入组织三个阶段.在不同阶段,大学生求职的主要活动及面临的困难各有不同,高校就业指导部门应据此采取相应的方式提供不同内容的就业指导服务.     

大学生实习、求职状况调查及对策思考

通过对全国范围内2570名高校毕业生进行问卷调查,分析2012年我国高校毕业生实习、求职与就业的整体状况,结果表明:86%的大学生有实习经历,且愿意进入行业声望较高的单位进行3个月以上的深入实习;大学生的求职行为整体比较理性,超过40%的大学生在开始求职后1个月内找到了工作,企业是大学生最主要的就业去向;大学生的起薪范围主要集中在1500~3000元和3000~5000元这两档,52%的大学生对求职结果不太满意。在未来的职业指导工作中,高校应将实习指导纳入职业指导范畴;将就业指导的重点从求职技巧指导转变为职业定位与求职态度指导;将就业能力提升作为职业指导的主线,指导学生不断加强自我和职业探索,努力实现人职匹配。     

大学生求职拖延的影响因素模型:基于扎根理论的探索性研究

以表现出求职拖延行为的22位大学生为研究对象,运用扎根理论构建了大学生求职拖延影响因素模型。结果发现：大学生求职拖延的主要影响因素为拖延态度、主观规范和感知行为控制;拖延态度通过拖延意向间接影响求职拖延;主观规范和感知行为控制不仅通过拖延意向间接影响求职拖延,而且还会调节拖延意向和求职拖延之间的关系。建议通过改变拖延态度、发挥重要他人的正确引导和增强求职控制感等方式减少大学生求职拖延。     

高校辅导员积极心理品质与工作倦怠的关系研究

目的:了解高校辅导员工作倦怠现状,探讨积极心理品质与高校辅导员工作倦怠的关系。方法:采用工作倦怠问卷(MBI-ES)及24种积极人格问卷(VIA-IS)对陕西某高校67名专职辅导员进行调查。结果:(1)大部分辅导员的工作倦怠状况表现为低程度的人格解体,中等程度的情感耗竭,以及高程度的个人成就感降低;(2)工作倦怠与一些积极心理品质有显著相关。     

Table of Contents

Executive Summary Foreword Entrepreneurship in the Contemporary Academy Defining Academic Entrepreneurialism Whence Academic Entrepreneurialism? Overview of the Volume Theoretical Traditions of Entrepreneurship Theorizing Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship, Individuals, and the Environment Summary The New Economy and the Entrepreneurial Academy An Overview of the Entrepreneurial Economy Higher Education in the New Economy Academic Capitalism and Entrepreneurship Critiques of Entrepreneurship in Higher Education Summary Contemporary Issues in the Entrepreneurial Academy Resource Constraints and Dependencies: Research Universities Beyond Research Universities Beyond Profit Seeking: Social Entrepreneurship Beyond Research: Entrepreneurship and the Teaching Mission Summary Entrepreneurship Education The Emergence and Expansion of Entrepreneurship Education Activities and Outcomes of Entrepreneurship Education Summary Professional Implications and Future Research Directions Public Policymakers Institutional Administrators Faculty Students References Name Index Subject Index About the Authors     

Table of Contents

Introduction Trends in University Governance Challenges to University Governance Structures Governance Structures in Historical Perspective Governance, Management, and Leadership Depicting Institutional Structure Shared Governance AAUP Versus AGB Perceptions Accountability and Program Review Structural and Cultural Elements of Governance Organizational Culture Trustees' Perspectives Organizational Culture and Governance Competing Perspectives and Expectations Expectations of Faculty, Administrators, and Trustees Facing the Fundamental Challenges Governance from a Presidential Perspective Evolving Issues in the Twenty-First-Century University A Port for Every Pillow Organizational Learning, Leadership, and Change The George Mason Case The Case of the Institutes of Business at the University of the West Indies Governance: State and Campus Surveys Toward a More Effective System Governance: Attitudes and Perceptions Emphases Emerging from the Literature Governance and Teaching and Learning The Environmental Context for Education Organizational Culture and Learning Governance, Information Technology, and Distance Education The Impact of Information Technologies New Models of Higher Education Governance Structures and Educational Technologies E-Learning: Policy Issues and Impact Resource Allocation and Governance Responsibility-Centered Management Performance-Based Program Budgeting: The Basic Questions Caveats and Adjustments to Responsibility-Centered Management A Revised Model of Governance Structure in the Twenty-First-Century University Appendix A: Public and Private University Enrollments, 1998 Appendix B: Survey of University Governance Appendix C: Organizational Culture and Governance References Name Index Subject Index     

民族地区中小学教师生存状态的调查研究

采用中国人民大学公共管理学院组织与人力资源研究所李超平博士设计的《教师职业压力和心理健康调查问卷》,对湘西自治州594名在职中小学教师进行了调查。结果表明：民族地区中小学教师的生存状态令人堪忧。超过30%的被调查教师心理健康状况不佳;近80%的被调查教师反映压力比较大;超过70%的被调查教师存在一定程度的工作倦怠;超过30%的被调查教师对工作不太满意或不满意;超过40%的被调查教师生理健康状况不佳。因此,要提高民族地区的基础教育质量,必须高度关注中小学教师的生存状态。     

VOCATIONAL PREPARATION: HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT SPECIALISTS’ ASSESSMENT

This study investigated the perceptions of Human Resource Development (HRD) Specialists regarding the preparation of Illinois community college vocational/ technical program graduates. Two hundred and forty‐five respondents answered a mail questionnaire concerning the technical, human relations, problem solving and basic skills of program graduates. The graduates were employed in Nursing and Allied Health, Industrial Technology, Secretarial and Clerical, Agriculture, Marketing and Management, Accounting and Data Processing, and Social and Public Services. The perceptions of these HRD Specialists toward community college program graduates are positive. Graduates of Nursing and Allied Health programs were consistently rated higher than graduates of other programs. Overall, graduates were ranked highest on human relations skills and lowest on problem solving skills. Finally, implications for practice included suggestions for involving HRD Specialists in community college vocational programs.     

高校科普教育工作模式理论与实践探讨

从高校科普管理工作角度出发,积极履行高校社会服务职能,针对性地探讨适用于高校与中小学结合的科普教育工作模式。本文以期对我国高校科普服务事业的发展和高校科普教育体系建设提供参考,推动高校现代化发展。     

An Interview with Iris Marion Young

Iris Marion Young is Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago.She is affiliated with the Gender Studies Center and the Human Rights Program.Her research interests are in contemporary political theory, feminist social theory and normative analysis of public policy.Her books include Justice and the Politics of Difference (Princeton University Press, 1990), Throwing Like a Girl and Other Essays in Feminist Philosophy and Social Theory (Indiana University Press, 1990), Intersecting Voices: dilemmas of gender, political philosophy, and policy (Princeton University Press, 1997) and Inclusion and Democracy (Oxford University Press, 2000).Her writings have been translated into several languages, including German, Italian, Spanish and Swedish.She has lectured widely in North American, Europe, Australia and South Africa.Professor Young's teaching interests range broadly, including contemporary theories of justice, democracy and difference; feminist political theory; continental political theory including Foucault and Habermas; ethics and international affairs; gender, race and public policy.Professor Young holds a PhD in philosophy from the Pennsylvania State University, 1974.Before coming to the University of Chicago she taught political theory for nine years in the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh and before then taught philosophy at several institutions, including the Worchester Polytechnic Institute and Miami University.During the summer term of 1995, Professor Young was a Visiting Professor of Philosophy at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt Germany.Dr Young has held a visiting Fellowship at several universities around the world including Princeton University, the Institute for Human Science in Vienna, Australian National University and the Human Sciences Research Council of South Africa.Her work continues to receive world wide acknowledgement and recognition     

Measurement Invariance of a School Readiness Screener for Use in Preschool and Kindergarten

Research Findings: Public policy has increasingly focused on expansion of preschool access for underserved students and systematic evaluation of preschool quality and students’ readiness for school. However, such evaluation is limited by a lack of thoroughly validated assessments for use with preschool populations. The present study examined the measurement and structural invariance of the Kindergarten Student Entrance Profile (KSEP) across kindergarten and prekindergarten groups to evaluate its potential use across developmental groups. Participants included 522 kindergarten and 548 prekindergarten students in central California. Invariance was tested by fitting a series of multiple-groups confirmatory factor analysis models with parameter constraints across groups. Results indicated that measurement and structural parameters of the KSEP were invariant across kindergarten and prekindergarten groups. Prekindergarten means on both Social–Emotional Readiness and Cognitive Readiness were significantly lower than kindergarten means. Practice or Policy: These results suggest that the KSEP may potentially be used with prekindergarten students to assess school readiness and inform intervention before kindergarten entry.     

我国导游人员职业倦怠研究现状分析及研究展望

导游是给游客旅游过程提供讲解和生活服务的助人行业从业者,研究显示导游存在明显的职业倦怠现象。人口统计学变量对职业倦怠各维度的影响结果不一致。工作应激、人格、社会支持能够预测职业倦怠。职业倦怠能够预测导游的工作满意度、心理健康、工作绩效和离职倾向。未来将从整合的角度,探讨付出回报、工作需求一资源、工作投入与职业倦怠的关系。     

Book Reviews

Books reviewed:
Eric Ives, Diane Drummond and Leonard Schwarz, The First Civic University: Birmingham 1880–1980: An Introductory History
David Coulby, Beyond the National Curriculum: Curricular Centralism and Cultural Diversity in Europe and the USA
John Haldane (ed), Philosophy and Public Affairs
Basil Bernstein, Pedagogy, Symbolic Control and Identity: Theory, Research, Critique
Margaret J. McLaughlin and Martyn Rouse (eds), Special Education and School Reform in the United States and Britain
R. Mahalingam and C. McCarthy (eds), Multicultural Curriculum – New Directions for Social Theory, Practice and Policy
Martin Hughes, Charles Desforges, Christine Mitchell and Clive Carre, Numeracy and Beyond: Applying Mathematics in the Primary School
Jon Davison and John Moss, Issues in English Teaching
Robert Graham, Taking Each Other Seriously: Experiences in Learning and Teaching
John Retallick, Barry Cocklin and Kennece Coombe (eds), Learning Communities in Education
John Smyth, Alastair Dow, Robert Hattam, Alan Reid and Geoffrey Shacklock, Teachers' Work in a Globalizing Economy
Peter McLaren, Che Guevara, Paulo Freire, and the Pedagogy of Revolution
Ann Filer and Andrew Pollard, The Social World of Pupil Assessment
D.C. Phillips and Nicholas C. Burbules, Post-positivism and Educational Research
Britt-Marie Berge with Hildur Ve, Action Research for Gender Equity
David Coulby, Robert Cowen and Crispin Jones (ed), Education in Times of Transition
Mark Halstead and Terence McLaughlin (eds), Education in Morality