新世纪国内中小学教师教研素养研究述评——兼议教学反思与教研之间的关系

本文用分类的方法,对新世纪国内以中小学教师教研素养为主题的研究进行了述评,发现这方面的研究主要从中小学教师教研素养现状及其产生的原因;教师从事教研的必要性及其原因;提高教师教研素养的方法、模式;研究型教师具有的特点及能力构成;适合教师的教研方法等角度进行。本文也讨论了教学反思与教研之间的关系,发现教学反思与教研之间关系密切。     

Researching literacy in context: using video analysis to explore school literacies

This article addresses how methodological approaches relying on video can be included in literacy research to capture changing literacies. In addition to arguing why literacy is best studied in context, we provide empirical examples of how small, head‐mounted video cameras have been used in two different research projects that share a common aim: understanding the complex ways in which literacy is a part of school practices. The complexity of literacy practices taking place in classrooms, where students draw on a number of texts for a variety of purposes and different literacy discourses co‐exist in the same setting, poses a serious challenge for those who wish to study literacy in educational settings. The methodology presented in this article is our attempt to meet this challenge. Our approach relies on using video equipment in innovative ways to capture multiple perspectives, involving research participants in the data collection process and the early stages of analysis, and analysing video data with digital coding software. These methods are combined to obtain a more systematic and detailed insight into the contexts in which literacy takes place.     

Making Workplace Learning Explicit: an epistemology of practice for the whole person

Competency in the new literacies of the Internet is essential for participating in contemporary society. Researchers studying these new literacies are recognizing the limitations of traditional methodological tools and adapting new technologies and new media for use in research. This paper reports our exploration of usability testing software to observe the Internet literacy practices of adolescents during homework tasks. Data consisted of visual screens capturing all activity, including students’ faces, and oral think‐alouds carried out as students did their homework. Using this software for data collection resulted in a more in‐depth view of Internet literacy practices than what could be obtained by traditional methods. Students could work in their own homes and control recordings. Built‐in data analyses and presentation components were also beneficial. However, time and cost considerations for the researcher became apparent. Most importantly, new ethical issues arise with the use of new research tools such as privacy and ‘incidental data’.     

Using Questionnaires in Teacher Research

Teacher research is described as being beneficial and yet it is hampered by teachers' lack of knowledge about research, including how to use popular research methods. Given that accounts by teachers describing their use of such methods in a systematic manner might prove useful for their peers, this article describes my experience of using a questionnaire in teacher research.     

Understanding Digital Literacy Practices: What Can Be Learnt with Visual Methods?

Digital technologies are increasingly used by children and adults in their everyday lives and these practices have attracted researchers’ and practitioners’ attention. However, everyday digital literacy practices are difficult to examine. They require appropriate research methods and visual methods have potential here. Although some visual methods are actively used in the field of Literacy Studies, participant-generated digital photography and photo-elicitation remain under-employed in the research of digital literacy practices. Drawing on a qualitative study, this article argues that these methods allow in-depth insights into digital literacy practices to be gained. They offer comprehensive understanding of practices by illuminating what is involved in practices, how practices happen and why people engage in them in particular ways. However, the use of these methods is also associated with a number of challenges. The article concludes with the discussion of the implications for researchers and teacher-researchers who wish to use visual methods to examine digital literacy practices in different contexts.     

SWOT分析广西某中医院校在读本科护生科研素养

文章通过SWOT态势分析法,分别从专任教师和在读本科护生角度出发,对广西某中医院校在读本科护生护理科研存在的优势、劣势、机遇和威胁四个方面进行综合分析,探讨广西某中医院校在读本科护生护理科研素养及其外部因素,并提出应对策略和方法,以期进一步提高欠发达地区中医院校在读本科护生的科研素养。     

Information literacy in science writing: how students find,identify, and use scientific literature

For undergraduate students to achieve science literacy, they must first develop information literacy skils. These skills align with Information Literacy Standards and include determining appropriate databases, distinguishing among resource types, and citing resources ethically. To effectively improve information literacy and science literacy, we must identify how students interact with authentic scientific texts. In this case study, we addressed this aim by embedding a science librarian into a science writing course, where students wrote a literature review on a research topic of their choice. Library instruction was further integrated through the use of an online guide and outside assistance. To evaluate the evolution of information literacy in our students and provide evidence of student practices, we used task-scaffolded writing assessments, a reflection, and surveys. We found that students improved their ability and confidence in finding research articles using discipline-specific databases as well as their ability to distinguish primary from secondary research articles. We also identified ways students improperly used and cited resources in their writing assignments. While our results reveal a better understanding of how students find and approach scientific research articles, additional research is needed to develop effective strategies to improve long-term information literacy in the sciences.     

A Conceptual Framework for Emergent Digital Literacy

As we progress in the 21st century, children learn to become proficient readers and writers of both digital and non-digital texts. Knowledge, skills, and understandings of literacy emerge through sociocultural interactions with non-digital tools (e.g., paper-printed books) and digital tools (e.g., touch screen tablets). However, debate is ongoing over the role that digital experiences play in emergent literacy development. Researchers have voiced the need to conceptualise a common framework for literacy development that considers the emergence of digital literacy skills alongside conventional literacy skills and how these skills might interact during development. This is particularly important in light of the increasing use of digital texts used by young children, such as E-books and digital games. Therefore, this paper proposes a framework that might guide research and practice by examining the relationships between emergent literacy skills, emergent digital literacy skills, and proficiency in reading and writing.     

Brand-Name Schools: The Deceptive Lure of Corporate-School Partnerships

In discussions about information literacy and required research assignments, several high school teachers lamented that student research papers had regressed to the point that the completed work represented nothing more than “point and click” exercises. Similarly, Asselin and Lee (2002, 10) began their article on the need for library instruction for teacher education candidates by quoting a student who stated, “I wish someone had taught me how to develop my library information literacy skills through resource-based learning … in school [pre–K—12]. I might not have had such a horrendous time of it when I came to the university.” The problem is apparent; students on university campuses lack basic research and information literacy skills, and do not have a clear understanding of how to use the resources of their campus library. Students also lack the ability to synthesize knowledge gained from the academic classroom, the library, and information technology for the betterment of academic scholarship.

Collaboration between teacher education faculty members and academic librarians for the advancement of academic research and the development of transferable information literacy skills is necessary. These two distinctive, yet interdependent, parts of higher education organizations represent the greatest potential for the development of stronger programs in the fields of research and information literacy by incorporating computer technology and traditional research methods into coursework in a collaborative environment.     

Lecturers’ text competencies and guidance towards academic literacy

Embedding academic literacy into the curriculum and regular subject teaching has received little attention in Norwegian higher education (HE). The present article, drawing on the findings of two studies carried out in 2013/14, seeks to amend this. The first study, an action research study, exposes how lecturers in one of the faculties at Oslo and Akershus University College perceive their role in teaching and guiding students’ discipline-specific literacy, in particular academic writing. Collaborating with the faculty in a joint action research project, we seek to empower the lecturers, and develop pedagogical methods that are suitable for academic literacy teaching and guidance, and thereby make a change in the institution. The second study analyzes the academic literacy skills and knowledge of new students. We follow students in their final semester in upper secondary school, and identify how they are prepared for academic literacy in HE. Together, the studies reveal that despite the students’ preparation for higher studies, they are not fully qualified for meeting the demands of academic literacy. When entering HE, the students are still in need of guidance to establish textual meta-perspectives and to develop relevant disciplinary literacy practices. However, the lecturers are neither fully qualified for nor willing to include this topic in their content teaching.     

研究型教学模式在高师院校物理课程教学中的应用研究

文章在分析了国内外研究型教学模式研究现状的基础上,结合高师院校物理专业的课程改革实践,通过对各个教学要素如教学内容、教材体系、授课方式及考核方法等方面的改革与创新,初步探索出了一种适合高师院校基础物理课程的研究型教学新模式,对培养学生的创新意识和科学素养有一定实际意义。     

医学统计学结合科研训练课程教学改革的实践

医学统计学在科学研究中的重要性不容忽视。为培养本科生的医学科研素养,提升他们科学的统计思维和解决科研实际问题的能力,在医学统计学本科生课程教学中,有必要结合科研训练的课程。文章在分析医学统计学教学现状的基础上,提出了医学统计学结合科研训练教学的新模式,并结合实际教学经验就教学内容、教学模式、考核方式的改革提出了具体的思路和实践方法。希望通过加强对本科生的科研训练,提升他们的科研意识和科研创新能力。     

基于学报功能的高校教师科研素养培育研究

对学报与高校教师科研素养二者的相关性进行了分析,并根据本校科研论文产出状况以及学报内稿质量分析了教师科研素养存在的问题及原因,由此,基于学报的功能,从激发教师的科研热情,引导教师的科研方向,提高教师的科研能力,培养教师的学术品德和科研态度四个方面提出了学报培育高校教师科研素养的措施。     

From assimilation to accommodation: a developmental framework for integrating digital technologies into literacy research and instruction

This article presents a developmental framework for interpreting and understanding how new digital technologies have been integrated into literacy instruction and research, and how they might be integrated in the future. The framework borrows the concepts of assimilation and accommodation from Piaget’s classical developmental theory of learning, applying them to how individuals and groups involved in literacy instruction and research conceptualize and implement new digital technologies in their work. It is argued that assimilation and accommodation define a developmental reality that helps explain a variety of issues pertaining to new technologies in relation to literacy research and practice, such as how new technologies come to be used or not used in literacy instruction, and what research questions are asked or not asked by literacy researchers exploring the implications of new technologies for instruction. The influence of this framework on the authors’ own work and on the work of others is illustrated.     

Re-thinking the Development of Scientific Literacy Through a Rope Metaphor

Scientifically literate citizens would be empowered to think critically about the role of science in society and use it as a tool for informed decision making and problem solving in a rapidly changing and developing world. In this study, scientific literacy was viewed as an attribute both industry and the general community could reasonably expect from higher education’s graduates. As such, this mixed methods research aimed to identify, document and represent concretely through a rope metaphor the development of scientific literacy amongst a sample of 244 first year university students.     

国外关于近代英国民众文化水平研究述评

20世纪五六十年代,随着民众文化史在西方的兴起,以读写史研究为核心的民众文化水平研究逐渐发展起来。学者们从宣誓记录、灶税报告、结婚登记记录、遗嘱和教会法庭证词中发掘出大量有价值的史料。从19世纪后期的尝试性研究开始,经过20世纪初、20世纪中叶和20世纪70年代以后三个重要的发展阶段,民众文化史已经获得了卓有成效的研究成果。全文从研究资料、研究进程、研究焦点三个维度对近代英国民众文化水平研究状况进行梳理,以期对国内学者开展这一领域研究有所裨益。     

大学生思想政治工作中博客载体的实证研究

博客是对大学生进行思想政治教育的有效教育平台。通过对徐州师范大学230名大学博客使用情况的实证研究,认为,高校思政工作者的网络水平欠缺、网络法制建设相对滞后、媒介素养教育缺失,因此必须加强教育者的网络素养培训,加强网络法制建设,加强对学生的媒介素养教育。     

‘Seeing’ into the past and ‘looking’ forward to the future: visual methods and gender and education research

A small number of attempts have been made to take stock of the field of gender and education, though very few have taken methodology as their explicit focus. We seek to stimulate such discussion in this article by taking stock of the use of visual methods in gender and education research (particularly participatory and image-based methods). We undertake this exercise by looking at the claims researchers have made about the ways in which visual methods have advanced gender and education research, and by examining how these methods have been employed in research. We argue that the visual has become somewhat invisible in accounts of gender and education research. We conclude by considering different ways in which we might develop image-based research in the future.     

Integrating new knowledge into everyday practices: teacher pedagogy in early grade literacy in rural Mozambique

Improving literacy outcomes in sub‐Saharan Africa is a central focus of national governments, donors and non‐governmental organisations alike, as evidenced by the inclusion of literacy as a target in the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goal 4. Though significant international development funding has been devoted to teacher training in the region, little evidence is available on how teachers improve their literacy instruction in practice. This study profiles how 20 teachers in eight schools in rural Mozambique translated training in literacy instruction into classroom instruction. We used three domains of teacher knowledge – content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge and pedagogical content knowledge – to analyse interview and observation data. While some aspects of training translated into classroom practices, including explicit literacy instruction and use of visual aids, teachers rarely used activities for oral language development or reading comprehension, which are critical to producing skilled readers. We discuss the research and policy implications of these findings.     

数据素养研究热点与主题变迁——基于CiteSpcae知识图谱可视化分析

文章基于CiteSpace知识图谱可视化分析,以CNKI数据库206篇数据素养文献为研究对象,采用关键词共现网络及聚类分析,生成数据素养领域的研究作者、研究机构、研究热点和研究时间态势的知识图谱,重点分析关键词共现网络的信息素养、教育大数据、科学数据素养、数据素养教育、科学数据等5个自动聚类,宏观揭示数据素养领域研究文献的演进路径,为进一步深化数据素养研究提供参考。研究表明:数据素养研究受国家政策驱动明显,整体研究水平还有待于提升;图书馆是数据素养教育的主阵地;数据素养研究内容以国外教育案例介绍为主,研究方法以理论研究为主,实证应用研究不足。