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1.
Gerda Strutzenberger Joseph Moore Hywel Griffiths Hermann Schwameder Gareth Irwin 《European Journal of Sport Science》2016,16(2):165-171
Kinesio-tape® has been suggested to increase blood circulation and lymph flow and might influence the muscle's ability to maintain strength during fatigue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of gluteal Kinesio-tape® on lower limb muscle strength in non-fatigued and fatigued conditions. A total of 10 male rugby union players performed 20-m sprint and vertical jump tests before and after a rugby-specific fatigue protocol. The 20-m sprint time was collected using light gates (SMARTSPEED). A 9-camera motion analysis system (VICON, 100 Hz) and a force plate (Kistler, 1000 Hz) measured the kinematics and kinetics during a counter movement jump and drop-jump. The effect of tape and fatigue on jump height, maximal vertical ground reaction force, reactivity strength index as well as lower limb joint work were analysed via a two-way analysis of variance. The fatigue protocol resulted in significantly decreased performance of sprint time, jump heights and alterations in joint work. No statistical differences were found between the taped and un-taped conditions in non-fatigued and fatigued situation as well as in the interaction with fatigue. Therefore, taping the gluteal muscle does not influence the leg explosive strength after fatiguing in healthy rugby players. 相似文献
2.
朱立东 《哈尔滨体育学院学报》2006,24(2)
决定短跑成绩的因素有很多方面,但力量素质和速度的协调发展对提高短跑运动成绩是至关重要的。通过文献资料研究和经验总结,指出在少年短跑训练中应明确力量和速度协调发展的意义,应科学安排训练计划,合理选择练习方法促进力量和速度协调发展,要重视力量和速度发展敏感期的训练,并对力量和速度训练的方法进行了综述。 相似文献
3.
王欢 《体育成人教育学刊》2012,28(5):34-35
对近20年来中国武术职业赛事的发展历程及其品牌培育的现状,武术职业赛事品牌培育的动因与制约因素,以及对武术职业赛事品牌培育的框架体系与核心要素进行分析。研究认为,武术职业赛事的品牌培育应包括:强化品牌意识,不断开发新的品牌赛事;优化政策环境和舆论宣传环境,稳步实施品牌培育规划;充分发挥民间组织、官方组织和媒体平台的优势,大力扶持武术职业赛事推广机构;发掘传统文化资源,坚守中国武术职业赛事的文化识别与技击识别。 相似文献
4.
Camille Thomas Gilbert Fellingham Pat Vehrs 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(2):108-121
The purposes of this study were to develop a notational system to evaluate passing, dribbling, first touch, and individual defensive skills as they relate to success during women's soccer games and to develop a statistical model to weigh the importance of each skill on creating scoring opportunities. Sequences of skills in ten games of a National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I intercollegiate women's soccer team were coded using well defined performance scores and outcomes. The notational analysis system was highly reliable as demonstrated by Spearman's rank correlations (>.98) between the first and second notation of three games for all four skills. The importance scores calculated from a Bayesian model demonstrated that dribbling (.0127) was the most important skill on creating scoring opportunities, followed by first touch (.0079), passing (.0075), and individual defense (.0050). The notational system developed from this study provides coaches with reliable and objective information to improve practice planning and optimize performance. 相似文献
5.
肌内效贴作为一种临床辅助治疗手段,在运动损伤后的止痛和消肿等方面具有良好的作用效果。近年来,人们在关注肌内效贴对运动损伤的预防和治疗的同时,也在探寻其在改善人体运动能力和提高运动表现等方面的作用效应。已有研究表明,肌内效贴对改善人体的静态平衡能力、本体感觉机能以及受损关节的活动范围是有效的,大多研究证据也支持肌内效贴对预防和改善运动性疲劳具有积极效应。而肌内效贴对健康人的关节活动范围和动态平衡能力的改善作用未得到证明,对肌内效贴是否能够改善人体肌肉力量和跳跃能力争议也较大。尽管有证据支持肌内效贴对人体某些运动能力有一定的促进作用,但仍存在矛盾性结论,其作用功效未得到医学和体育领域的广泛认可,所以有进一步的研究价值和应用前景。在后续的研究中,要综合性考虑因肌内效贴扎方式上不同而造成的作用效能间的差异;引入医学研究技术和方法,来探讨肌内效贴的作用功效和作用机理;研究对象要注意运动员群体的选择;研究的试验设计要更为科学,以确保方法学上的质量控制。 相似文献
6.
Bahadorreza Ofoghi John Zeleznikow Clare MacMahon Markus Raab 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(3):171-186
Sophisticated data analytical methods such as data mining, where the focus is upon exploration and developing new insights, are becoming increasingly useful tools in analysing elite sports performance data and supporting decision making that is crucial to gaining success. In this article, we investigate the different data mining demands of elite sports with respect to a number of features that describe sport competitions. The aim is to more structurally connect the sports and data mining domains through: (a) describing a framework for categorizing elite sports, and (b) understanding the analytical demands of different performance analysis problems. Therefore, we review different aspects such as sport categories and performance analysis requirements that influence each stage in sports data mining. We also present a model bringing together performance analysis requirements, data mining methods, data mining techniques, and technique characteristics. This will assist both data scientists and sport professionals to more effectively collaborate and contribute to success in elite sport events. 相似文献
7.
李明 《体育科技文献通报》2008,16(4):85-86
通过问卷调查与专家访谈结果,对影响武汉市体育人口、非体育人口的相关因素进行了分析,总结出宏观因素：教育程度、性别、年龄、职业、收入等;微观因素：需求动机、消费形式、锻炼形式、场所形式等。 相似文献
8.
体育表演学是运用人类表演学的理论和方法,对体育有关的文化活动进行研究的一门学科。本文运用文献资料法等方法对体育表演学在中国的发展进行综述,试图对体育表演学在中国的发展有一个相对较为全面的认知,认为：中国关于体育表演学的研究相对比较少,尽管有部分学者致力于体育表演学的研究,也发表了相关研究成果,然而从严格意义上讲,中国尚未形成完整的体育表演学理论体系,没有明确的学科概念,对体育表演学的研究还处于初步探索阶段。 相似文献
9.
Leonardo S. Fortes José R. A. Nascimento-Júnior Arnaldo L. Mortatti Dalton Roberto Alvas Araújo de Lima-Júnior Maria E. C. Ferreira 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2018,89(3):332-339
It seems that dehydration may impair decision-making performance in athletes. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the influence of dehydration on passing decision-making performance in soccer players. Method: Participants were 40 male soccer players (Mage = 22.3 ± 2.3 years) who agreed to participate in the study and were randomly assigned to the following conditions: control (CON), dehydration (DEH), and euhydration (EUH). The players played in 2 games of 90 min in duration (2 45-min halves) followed by 2 15-min halves (overtime) with and without proper hydration. The Game Performance Assessment Instrument (GPAI) was considered for the analysis of passing decision making. Results: The GPAI analysis indicated effective reduction in the decision-making index in the DEH condition compared with the EUH and CON conditions, F(2, 38) = 31.4, p < .05, ES = 0.8. Conclusions: In conclusion, dehydration may be considered a mediating factor in the passing decision-making performance of male soccer athletes. 相似文献
10.
ABSTRACTThe study aim was to investigate ball movement patterns using network analysis techniques, to compare between successful and unsuccessful outcomes and teams in the Australian Football League (AFL). This analysis focused on possession chains starting from a kick-in (n = 1,720), drawn from all games played in the 2015 AFL Premiership season (18 teams, 206 games). Player interactions were quantified using four network metrics: cluster coefficient, degree centrality, network density, and entropy. Three-way ANOVA with Tukey post hoc and ω2 effect sizes were calculated to assess whether differences existed between kick-in outcomes, ladder brackets, and match outcomes for each network metric. No significant differences were observed between ladder brackets or match outcomes for any network metric. More successful kick-in chains were characterised by lower density (ω2 = 0.26, large effect; F(9, 1678) = 66.6, p < 0.00) and higher entropy (ω2 = 0.17, large effect; F(9, 1678) = 39.6, p < 0.00). This suggests that chains resulting in successful kick-in outcomes exhibited lower interconnectedness, with a high number of players involved, and lower predictability in ball movement patterns. These findings have practical value for coaches and performance analysts and support further applications of network analysis in Australian football. 相似文献
11.
This study estimated the expected point value for starting possessions in different field locations during rugby league match-play and calculated the mean expected points for each subsequent play during the possession. It also examined the origin of tries scored according to the method of gaining possession. Play-by-play data were taken from all 768 regular-season National Rugby League (NRL) matches during 2010–2013. A probabilistic model estimated the expected point outcome based on the net difference in points scored by a team in possession in a given situation. An iterative method was used to approximate the value of each situation based on actual scoring outcomes. Possessions commencing close to the opposition’s goal-line had the highest expected point equity, which decreased as the location of the possession moved towards the team’s own goal-line. Possessions following an opposition error, penalty or goal-line dropout had the highest likelihood of a try being scored on the set subsequent to their occurrence. In contrast, possessions that follow an opposition completed set or a restart were least likely to result in a try. The expected point values framework from our model has applications for informing playing strategy and assessing individual and team performance in professional rugby league. 相似文献
12.
Achraf Ammar Hamdi Chtourou Khaled Trabelsi Johnny Padulo Mouna Turki Kais El Abed 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(4):358-368
The aim of this study was to investigate the performance of an Olympic-Weightlifting session training at three times of the day on the performance related to biochemical responses. Nine weightlifters (21 ± 0.5 years) performed, in randomised order, on three Olympic-Weightlifting training (snatch, clean and jerk) sessions (08:00 a.m., 02:00 p. m., 06:00 p. m.). Blood samples were collected: before, 3 min and 48 h after each training session. Haematological parameters and markers of muscle injury were assessed. Resting oral temperature and rating of perceived exertion (RPE) were also assessed during each session. ANOVA showed that the performance was better (P < 0.001) at 02:00 p. m. with a less RPE (P < 0.01) compared to the morning and the evening sessions while there was higher (P < 0.05) oral temperature at 06:00 p. m. versus 08:00 a.m. and 02:00 p. m. Muscle damage changed immediately (without significant effect after 48 h) after the training sessions with lower values ??in the evening compared to the morning. In conclusion, the afternoon training is more effective than morning or evening sessions for weightlifters. Therefore, coaches and weightlifters should be advised to schedule their training session in the afternoon hour. 相似文献
13.
刘学活 《体育科技文献通报》2011,19(1):76-77
运用文献资料法、观察法、逻辑分析法等研究方法,对多人次接力项目进行了分析,从项目的类别、意义、组织、训练与控制等方面论证了多人次接力可以在教学与比赛中广泛的推广与运用. 相似文献
14.
竞技攀岩作为新晋奥运项目,探究其起源和演变过程可为我国竞技攀岩的发展提供借鉴、指导及理论缘由。采用文献资料研究和逻辑分析方法,探讨了竞技攀岩的概念,分析了竞技攀岩诞生的装备和技术基础、社会文化背景,以及三个发展阶段的主要特征。研究表明,竞技攀岩是攀岩运动中符合现代竞技体育特征的部分,是攀岩运动\"竞技体育化\"的结果;器械装备升级提供的技术基础和战后复兴的历史背景,共同促成了竞技攀岩在苏联的诞生;竞技攀岩的演变经历了苏联时期的普及化与国际化尝试、UIAA主导的竞技攀岩国际管理体系与赛事体系建设、IFSC引领的奥运发展新时期三个阶段;竞技攀岩的后奥运时代将迎来前所未有的发展契机。 相似文献
15.
竞技攀岩作为新晋奥运项目,探究其起源和演变过程可为我国竞技攀岩的发展提供借鉴、指导及理论缘由。采用文献资料研究和逻辑分析方法,探讨了竞技攀岩的概念,分析了竞技攀岩诞生的装备和技术基础、社会文化背景,以及三个发展阶段的主要特征。研究表明,竞技攀岩是攀岩运动中符合现代竞技体育特征的部分,是攀岩运动\"竞技体育化\"的结果;器械装备升级提供的技术基础和战后复兴的历史背景,共同促成了竞技攀岩在苏联的诞生;竞技攀岩的演变经历了苏联时期的普及化与国际化尝试、UIAA主导的竞技攀岩国际管理体系与赛事体系建设、IFSC引领的奥运发展新时期三个阶段;竞技攀岩的后奥运时代将迎来前所未有的发展契机。 相似文献
16.
Objectives: Development of evidence-based methods of Paralympic classification requires research quantifying the relative strength of association between ratio-scaled measures of impairment and athletic performance. The purpose of this study was to quantify the extent to which muscle strength affects running performance in runners with and without brain impairment. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Participants were 41 male runners: 13 with brain impairments (RBI) and 28 non-disabled (NDR). All participants completed a maximal 60-m sprint and a novel battery of three lower limb isometric strength tests. Results: RBI showed significantly lower strength scores compared with NDR on the more affected side in leg flexion (176 vs. 243?N), leg extension (993 vs. 1661?N) and plantarflexion (824 vs. 1457?N). Significant differences were also seen on the less affected side in plantarflexion (1072 vs. 1508?N). RBI were significantly slower in the acceleration phase (0–15?m) (3.2?s?±?0.3?vs. 2.8?s?±?0.2) and top speed phase (30?60?m) (4.3?s?±?0.6?vs. 3.8?s?±?0.3). Correlation analysis showed stronger relationships between strength and running performance in RBI than NDR; however, the correlations were not significant. Conclusions: This study evaluated measures to assess strength for the purposes of classification and found that the measures were significantly different in RBI compared with NDR indicating the tests were able to capture strength impairment in this population. This study indicates that strength may be an important impairment type to assess in this population, as impairments of muscle strength may influence the outcome of running performance in athletes with more severe impairments. 相似文献
17.
Lucas Antônio Monezi Thiago Pinguelli Magalhães Márcio Pereira Morato Luciano Allegretti Mercadante Milton Shoiti Misuta 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2019,18(5):470-481
In this study, we aimed to analyse goalball players time-motion variables (distance covered, time spent, maximum and average velocities) in official goalball match attacks, taking into account the attack phases (preparation and throwing), player position (centres and wings) and throwing techniques (frontal, spin and between the legs). A total of 365 attacks were assessed using a video based method (2D) through manual tracking using the Dvideo system. Inferential non-parametric statistics were applied for comparison of preparation vs. throwing phase, wings vs. centres and, among the throwing techniques, frontal, spin and between the legs. Significant differences were found between the attack preparation versus the throwing phase for all player time-motion variables: distance covered, time spent, maximum player velocity and average player velocity. Wing players performed most of the throws (85%) and covered longer distances than centres (1.65 vs 0.31 m). The between the legs and the spin throwing techniques presented greater values for most of the time-motion variables (distance covered, time spent and maximum player velocity) than did the frontal technique in both attack phases. These findings provide important information regarding players’ movement patterns during goalball matches that can be used to plan more effective training. 相似文献
18.
竞技体育本质及发展逻辑 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
对竞技体育的本质及其发展问题进行了探讨。研究表明，竞技体育是运动员通过提供高水平竞技表演，满足人们高级审美需要的体育活动。中国竞技体育只有在充分满足人们的体育需求，为人们提供高质量的体育产品过程中才能实现可持续发展。 相似文献
19.
为了方便国内读者阅读和理解美国国家体能协会（NSCA）于2022年出版的NSCA′s Essentials of Sport Science,从出版背景、翻译中的若干问题、对我国训练科学与训练实践未来发展的启示3个方面撰写此书评。本书的推出是NSCA填补美国训练科学衰败留下的空白的一次主动作为,来自全球13个国家的51名专家基于最新研究成果和实践经验向读者呈现了近十年世界训练科学与训练实践的前沿动态。我国运动训练学亟待向训练科学迈进,加强学科的科学性、实践性、多学科性和应用性,更大程度实现体育多学科的融合、理论与实践的融合、科学与经验的融合、知识生产与转换的融合、行业建设与学科发展的融合,在竞技体育强国建设中勇挑重任、主动作为。 相似文献
20.
ABSTRACTAnalysis of netball has received scant attention in the literature and there is little understanding of the dynamics of netball game-play. This study aimed to analyse team and seasonal performance indicator (dis)similarity in the ANZ Championship (netball). Total season values for nine performance indicators were analysed for the ten ANZ Championship teams from 2009 to 2016. The data were analysed using a multivariate, distance-based, approach. Specifically, non-metric multidimensional scaling was used to examine seasonal and team (dis)similarity. After declining from 2009, shooting percentage, goal assists, centre pass receives, penalties and turnovers began to rise from 2011. Both penalties and turnovers declined from 2015, in addition to attempts at goal. The two-dimensional multivariate ordination plot showed relative similarity between each team and season over the observational period, suggesting stagnant game-play dynamics. Further, despite idiosyncratic seasonal profiles, teams generally followed similar directional progression across the ordination surface. Despite being observed in other team invasion sports, league-wide synchronous evolutionary tendencies were not observed within the ANZ Championships between the 2006 to 2016 seasons. However, certain teams did display seasonal fluctuation in their observed multivariate profile, with these seasonal idiosyncrasies being discussed relative to coaching and playing roster changes specific to the analysed team. 相似文献