积极心理教育视角下中职学生自我认知探析

中职学生属于一个社会弱势青年群体,他们常被人贴上一些负面的标签,变为"负能量"的承载体.他们在学业自我认知、情绪自我认知、社交自我认知、职业自我认知等方面处于迷茫状态,而自我、家庭、学校和社会等影响了中职学生自我认知的发展.基于积极心理学视角,针对中职学生自我认知发展的问题,从积极自我、积极情绪、积极关系和积极成就提出相应解决对策,认为应该发挥积极心理教育的作用,着力让中职学生拥有积极向上的良好心态,促进中职学生提高自我认知能力,发掘自身潜能,发挥自身优势,唤醒自身的心理力量.     

Secondary Schools and Pupil Loss by Parental Bereavement and Parental Relationship Separations

The paper presents the findings of an investigation into how secondary schools addressed two areas of loss: the relationship endings and separation of pupils' parents, and the death of pupils' parent.The study was undertaken through in-depth interviews of key personnel in secondary schools. The results showed how schools tended to respond to these losses, where they sought support from and how they perceived the two types of losses to be different. In addition it showed how and where schools addressed loss in the curriculum; the advantages of having loss addressed in a policy; and the need to 'support the supporters'.     

Secondary Schools and Pupil Loss by Parental Bereavement and Parental Relationship Separations

The paper presents the findings of an investigation into how secondary schools addressed two areas of loss: the relationship endings and separation of pupils’ parents, and the death of pupils’ parent.The study was undertaken through in-depth interviews of key personnel in secondary schools. The results showed how schools tended to respond to these losses, where they sought support from and how they perceived the two types of losses to be different. In addition it showed how and where schools addressed loss in the curriculum; the advantages of having loss addressed in a policy; and the need to ‘support the supporters’.     

Technology and Parental Involvement

For high school and middle school principals, the ability to create and maintain positive recognition and identity both personally and for the school is crucial for support from all stakeholders. Finding proactive ways to do this is not much different than the way a large corporation develops a campaign for a major product. Nine principles for developing a positive persona for a school are identified as steps to take to achieve this goal. Beginning with these in mind starts the process for administrators to know who and what they are.     

亲代印迹

亲代印迹是指来自于父母双方的同源染色体或等位基因 ,在功能上存在差异 ,当其传给子代时 ,基因表达活性不同。研究表明 ,亲代印迹是一种特殊的“后成修饰”机制 ,甲基化是“印迹”修饰最可能的机制。亲代印迹不仅与人类疾病、哺乳类发育有关系 ,而且它对“中心法则”的发展及进化论的研究均具有重大意义     

Parental Involvement and Educational Achievement

Parental involvement is seen as an important strategy for the advancement of the quality of education. The ultimate objective of this is to expand the social and cognitive capacities of pupils. In addition, special attention is paid to the children of low‐educated and ethnic minority parents. Various forms of both parental and school‐initiated involvement are examined. On the one hand, the connections between a number of characteristics of parents and schools such as the social and ethnic background of the parents and the composition of the school population will be examined. On the other hand, the connections between a number of outcome measures such as the language and mathematics skills of the pupils will be examined. Data will be drawn from the large‐scale Dutch PRIMA (primary education) cohort study, which contains information on more than 500 schools and 12,000 pupils in the last year of primary school and their parents. An important finding is that predominantly schools with numerous minority pupils appear to provide a considerable amount of extra effort with respect to parental involvement, but that a direct effect of such involvement cannot be demonstrated.     

Parental Beliefs and Children's School Performance

Immigrant parents from Cambodia, Mexico, the Philippines, and Vietnam and native-born Anglo-American and Mexican-American parents responded to questions about child rearing, what teachers of first and second graders should teach their children, and what characterizes an intelligent child. Immigrant parents rated conforming to external standards as being more important to develop in their children than developing autonomous behaviors. In contrast, American-born parents favored developing autonomy over conformity. Parents from all groups except Anglo-Americans indicated that noncognitive characteristics (i.e., motivation, social skills, and practical school skills) were as important as or more important than cognitive characteristics (i.e., problem-solving skills, verbal ability, creative ability) were to their conceptions of an intelligent first-grade child. Parental beliefs about conformity were correlated with measures of kindergarten (5- and 6-year-olds) and first- (6- and 7-year-olds) and second-grader (7- and 8-year-olds) children's school performance (i.e., teacher ratings of children's classroom performance; Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills reading, math, and language scores; and Sternberg Triarchic Abilities Test scores).     

Parental Authoritarian Control and Cognitive Complexity

Studies on the conceptual system proposed by Harvey et aJ (1961) suggested that the concrete mode of cognitive functioning is associated with certain developmental factors such as restricted exploration of the environment, overcontrol by parents, avoidance of uncertainty, conformity to external superimposed norms, and discouragement of independence, etc. Using the framework of Harvey, Schroder et al (1967) specified two types of training methods, one of which he called the deductive method. Parents adopting this method provide the child with ready made and fixed rules. The child is taught to avoid uncertainty by looking externally for rules. The variety of perceptions and responses available to the child is highly restricted. The environment is so structured that it is unrealistically oversimplified. Schroder et al believe that this type of training method would bring out a cognitive structure which is characterized by compartmentalization and inability to think in terms of degrees or relativeness.     

父母教育期望与留守儿童的学习投入:父母教育卷入和自我教育期望的中介作用

为系统考察父母教育期望与留守儿童学习投入的关系,以及父母教育卷入和自我教育期望在其中的双重中介作用,采用父母教育期望问卷、自我教育期望问卷、父母教育卷入问卷以及学习投入问卷,对我国河南、四川、贵州、山西等地1535名留守儿童进行了调查研究。结果发现:(1)单亲外出和双亲外出留守儿童知觉到的父母教育期望、自我教育期望、父母教育卷入和学习投入得分均显著低于非留守儿童,而单亲外出和双亲外出留守儿童之间差异未达显著性水平;(2)父母教育期望和留守儿童学习投入呈显著正相关关系;(3)父母教育卷入与自我教育期望在父母教育期望和留守儿童学习投入之间起到双重中介作用。因此,父母教育期望既直接影响留守儿童的学习投入,又通过父母教育卷入和自我教育期望的中介作用影响留守儿童的学习投入。     

论家长的教育参与

社会参与是现代社会的重要特征,家长的教育参与是家校合育的重要组成部分,是公众社会参与的一种体现,是现代学校善治的基本条件.充分而有效的家长教育参与对提升家长教育素质、改善家校关系、建立依法办学、自主管理、民主监督、社会参与的现代学校制度都具有极其重要的意义.家长参与学校既是家长教育权益的体现,也是家长应尽的责任和义...     

Mainstreaming: Parental perceptions

Parents of learning disabled, mentally retarded, and emotionally disturbed children were surveyed regarding their reactions to mainstreaming handicapped children. Results indicated that parents of learning disabled children were significantly more supportive of this educational procedure than were the other two groups of parents. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed.     

Parental beliefs and their role in child-rearing

Beliefs have been a topic of considerable interest among researchers in various fields. In this article 71 articles reporting a study on parental beliefs and published in the course of fifteen years (1980–1995) are reviewed. After clarifying the term ‘belief’, the topics and the methodological solutions of the studies are discussed. Throughout the discussion the question of the origins of parental beliefs and the belief — behaviour dilemma are dealt with. Finally, the implications of the findings and suggestions for future research are presented.     

父母陪伴与儿童的人力资本发展

人力资本发展对家庭和经济社会高质量发展至关重要.对我国家庭父母陪伴与儿童入力资本发展的关系进行考察发现,父母陪伴对初中学龄儿童认知与非认知能力的发展均有显著影响.其中,亲子陪伴时间的投入会显著提高儿童的认知能力和非认知能力;督导时间的投入对儿童认知能力的发展有一定的抑制效应,但能显著提升儿童的非认知能力;娱乐时间的投入对儿童非认知能力的发展有显著的正向促进效应,但对儿童认知能力发展的影响不明显.通过异质性分析发现,上述发展关系在儿童性别、户籍、出生顺序、留守与否,以及不同的陪伴主体等不同特征群体具有显著的组间差异.进一步分析表明,父母陪伴主要通过提高与学校的交互程度、提升儿童学习的积极性等来促进其子女的人力资本发展.     

Restricted Liberty,Parental Choice and Homeschooling

In this paper the authors carefully study the problem of liberty as it applies to school choice, and whether there ought to be restricted liberty in the case of homeschooling. They examine three prominent concerns that might be brought against homeschooling, viz., that it aggravates social inequality, worsens societal conflict and works against the best interests of children. To examine the tensions that occur between parental liberty, children's interests, and state oversight, the authors consider the case of homeschooling in the Dutch context.     

Parental Perceptions and the 1981 Education Act

Parents of children assessed for special educational needs were interviewed in two London Boroughs. The results, highly relevant to the current issues of integration and parental participation, are discussed by Dr Sarah Sandow, principal lecturer in the Education Department, West London Institute of Higher Education, and research assistant, Penny Stafford.     

Parental and Stakeholder 'Voice' in Schools and Systems

With the expansion of education, the growth of the middle class and their awareness of the nexus between educational opportunities and socio-economic success, countries have come to perceive parents as stakeholders in, not just the recipients of, education. With the growing stakes involved, the need to have parental agreement on the broad lines of educational reform has become a more pressing political objective. This article suggests that it is important to examine 'voice' in the context of these broader trends as well as in the specific context of assessing whether education is becoming more 'demand-led'. It examines the exercise of 'voice' in schooling at the 'micro' level of schools and more broadly in the extent to which school systems at the macro level encourage the expression of diverse educational demands.
Alongside the formal opportunities and encouragement of parental participation, the practice reveals problems and limitations. In some countries parents tend to believe that the issues on which their engagement is sought are the relatively simple, practical ones rather than fundamentals, and that there may even be active discouragement of parental involvement. Evidence in some countries worryingly suggests that the level of parental interest is not high. There are the familiar equity questions to consider arising from inequalities in parental interest/involvement.