Theory Into Practice: Framing,the News Media,and Collective Action

The concept of framing applied to the interaction between social movements and the news media, including local television news, is evident in the experience of the Media Research and Action Project (MRAP). MRAP employs frame analysis to assist social movement and community groups in advancing their goals through the news media. The paper presents the important lessons derived from the applied work of MRAF     

Framing the Right Suspects: Measuring Media Bias

This article examines ideological bias in six large daily newspapers and The Associated Press. The media examined are three to six times more likely to associate ideological labels (or frames) with organizations (think tanks) with a conservative orientation than think tanks having a liberal orientation. This tends to frame the analyses done by conservative think tanks as less objective than the analysis done by liberal think tanks. Regression results suggest that approximately three-fourths of the explained differential in framing rates is due to media bias. The rest is primarily explained by the differential in the “quality” of think tanks.     

News Media Framing of Negative Campaigning

News media coverage of election campaigns is often characterized by use of the strategic game frame and a focus on politicians' use of negative campaigning. However, the exact relationship between these two characteristics of news coverage is largely unexplored. This article theorizes that consumer demand and norms of journalistic independence might induce the news media outlets to cover negative campaigning with a strategic game frame. A comprehensive content analysis based on several newspaper types, several election campaigns, and several different measurements of media framing confirms that news coverage of negative campaigning does apply the strategic game frame to a significantly larger degree than articles covering positive campaigning. This finding has significant implications for campaigning politicians and for scholars studying campaign and media effects.     

The Hostile Media Phenomenon: Testing the Effect of News Framing on Perceptions of Media Bias

Recent theorizing in hostile media perception (HMP) has focused on the impact of news content on perceptions of media bias. Using a 2 (an outcome frame versus a value frame) × 2 (a societal frame versus an individual frame) experimental design (N = 114), this study examined the differential effects of news frames on perceptions of media bias. The results showed that an outcome frame induced relatively less HMP than a value frame. Further, a societal frame was more likely to elicit HMP than an individual frame when the medical abortion controversy was framed in term of values (vs. outcomes). Directions for future research on the potential impact of news framing on HMP were discussed.     

Effects of Media Use on Audience Framing and Support for Welfare

In this study, I examined cognitive structures consisting of frames that people used in the open-ended responses to a survey question about cuts in welfare benefits. The study shows that patterns of individuals' entertainment and news media use are important sources of frames that people adopt in thinking about an important public issue. In turn, those frames partly derived from the media shape the public's policy preferences beyond controls for individuals' social location, ideology, interpersonal communication, and knowledge. Frames that are related to particular patterns of media use (e.g., increase in differences between poor and rich, need for specific approaches, some will go hungry) have power to alter even deep, ideologically motivated welfare preferences. However, the results suggest that the media's most important role may be in spreading out the field of thinkable solutions to public problems rather than making any particular position dominant in policy decision making.     

Media Framing of Capital Punishment and Its Impact on Individuals' Cognitive Responses

It is well known that mass media have the ability to frame a sociopolitical issue in specific ways, which can have considerable impact on the public's thoughts and perceptions regarding the issue. Through analyzing coverage of capital punishment in the New York Times since 1960 and then conducting an experiment in which we assessed individual-level responses to differently framed news stories, we show (a) the dramatic emergence of a new “innocence frame” within the past 10 years that accentuates imperfections in the justice system, and (b) the much greater impact of this frame on individuals' thoughts—in particular on those who favor the death penalty—when compared to the traditional morality-based frame. We suggest that the latter finding can be explained because individuals tend to resist changing their interpretations of issues based on arguments that contradict their core moral or religious beliefs; however, they seem quite receptive to new information along dimensions that they previously had not considered. This research also implies that U.S. trends toward lower sentencing rates and eventual public opinion changes are likely to continue as long as media and public discussion remains focused on questions regarding flaws in the justice system.     

大学生媒体形象建构的嬗变——以框架理论的观点

近十年来,随着大众传媒关于大学生群体的负面新闻报道不断增加,大学生的媒体形象正在发生嬗变。笔者对《中国青年报》、《齐鲁晚报》1997年与2007年有关的大学生新闻报道加以统计分析,试图找出这十年内媒体建构的大学生形象的变化,希望提醒媒体及公众,对大学生群体产生特定形象认知时能更为谨慎。     

新闻构架、符码与制造同意的艺术——美国媒体“十六大”报道综合分析

本文运用西方新闻学研究的框架和符码理论对美国媒体有关中共“十六大”的报道进行定性和定量分析 ,旨在揭示美国媒体与主流意识形态间的互动关系 ,加深我们对美国媒体国际新闻报道运作规律的认识     

Red Media,Blue Media,and Purple Media: News Repertoires in the Colorful Media Landscape

This study extends past research on news repertoires by examining how individuals combine news exposure across an array of media platforms and content. Results from a national survey reveal 6 distinct news repertoires. While some respondents have clear ideologically driven repertoires, others have repertoires that are best described as medium-centric. A closer look at socio-demographic factors and participation levels among the 6 news repertoires are also explored. Results shed light on the democratic implications of the high-choice media landscape and research on news exposure and effects.     

Proximity and Terrorism News in Social Media: A Construal-Level Theoretical Approach to Networked Framing of Terrorism in Twitter

This study investigates networked framing of terrorism news in Twitter by distinguishing three proximity effects (geographic, social, and temporal proximity) on audience and media institutional frames (i.e., episodic/thematic and space frames), based on construal-level theory. An analysis of tweets during the Boston Marathon bombing and the Brussels Airport attack finds that institutional and audience frames show similarity but do not always converge on Twitter. Similarities in the audience and institutional frames are attributed to a universal human tendency for social categorization, inherent in the minds of not only ordinary citizens but also journalists. Proximity effects, however, were more salient on audience frames than on institutional frames.     

出版单位运营私域流量的思路、架构和策略

在新冠肺炎疫情的影响下,我国传统图书销售渠道加速向线上迁移.随着流量从增量竞争转为存量竞争,各大平台不断强化对流量的垄断和管控,运营私域流量成为各出版单位应对公域平台流量垄断、提升营销性价比的出路.为此,出版单位要树立以用户为中心的运营理念,构建精细化的运营体系,打造社交化的营销推广模式,围绕引流、固流、变现三个环节,整合各类营销手段和优质资源,制定针对性的运营策略,有计划、有步骤地打造私域流量运营体系,实现线上营销的新突破.     

Framing sweatshops: Nike,global production,and the American news media

This study examines US newspaper coverage of sweatshops, focusing on the case study of Nike (1995–2000) and asking how the coverage was structured, how sweatshops were problematized, and how they were explained. We find that while activists established a measure of definitional control over the coverage, it tended to concentrate on solutions rather than causes, and the source of the problem tended to be rooted in the agency of consumers rather than producers. This has implications for explaining how social, political, and cultural issues are transformed into essentially economic problems.     

1938,一名徽商的避难时光

正整理者言:本文原撰者系浙江大学美术教授,师承黄宾虹先生,被誉为"用两支笔描绘世界的人"。为完成"近代浙江旅兰徽商研究"课题,笔者前往采访,意外获得回忆手稿一部,从中挖掘出一段徽商沪上租界避难的原生态,特整理分享。继承祖业祖父胡达几从小随曾祖父胡既勤在安徽歙县农村胡湄川成长,后去兰溪以经营聚丰酱同为生。然而酱园正做得轰轰烈烈之时,曾祖父     

议程注意周期模式下中美主流媒体对突发公共卫生事件的报道框架——以《人民日报》和《纽约时报》对禽流感的报道为例

本研究通过内容分析法对1998年到2011年13年来的《人民日报》和《纽约时报》对禽流感的报道进行比较分析,发现中美主流媒体在对禽流感议题的关注趋势呈现相同的特征,但在关注程度上有所不同。同时,本文也以议题注意周期、框架理论为基础,揭示出由于办报理念的不同和文化背景的差异,中美主流媒体对禽流感议题关注重点和选取视角、报道议题等方面不同特征。     

Race and Ethnicity in local Television News: Framing,Story Assignments,and Source Selections

Because local television has become the primary source for news, this study examined race and ethnicity in news stories, story assignments, and source selections. A content analysis of local newscasts found Latinos, Asian Americans, and Native Americans were virtually invisible as anchors, reporters, and subjects in the news. Although African Americans anchored and reported the news in some markets, overall there was segregation in story assignments. Rarely were Latinos, Asian Americans, or Native Americans interviewed as news sources. African Americans were used as news sources more than other racial and ethnic groups when 2 or more people were interviewed.     

Mirroring the Media: The Relationship Between Media Consumption,Media Internalization,and Profile Picture Characteristics on Facebook

Social cognitive theory suggests that stereotypes of attractiveness from mainstream media may function as models for online profile pictures. The present study explores the relationship between media consumption, internalization, and body-ism, clothing, and gaze through a content analysis of the Facebook profile pictures of 288 students, and a survey to assess their media consumption and internalization. The relationship between magazine exposure and pictures was mediated by internalization: magazine readers who internalized media ideals were more likely to select pictures showing their body in revealing clothing. Television viewing had a direct effect on picture selection, but was not mediated by internalization.     

Palin,Saturday Night Live,and Framing: Examining the Dynamics of Political Parody

This work investigates dynamics of political parody through a framing analysis of Saturday Night Live sketches that spoof former Governor Sarah Palin. It is posited that parodies of political figures can be fruitfully understood as reflecting, refracting, and creating political realities, as suggested by the identification of 4 dominant frames in Saturday Night Live sketches. Furthermore, the author argues that the framing approach can serve as a point of convergence for contrasting epistemological approaches to political humor research.     

Hostile Media Perceptions in the Age of Social Media: Following Politicians,Emotions, and Perceptions of Media Bias

This study explores sadness-based message choices among comedy, game show, and sad drama that correspond to the three perceived goals of sadness regulation—optimization, distraction, and embracement, respectively. Results from an experiment showed that some sad participants selected sad drama with the expectation of realizing that their situations were not the worst possible, of creating new meanings and values, and finally of regaining a sense of control over the event and life in general. Findings are discussed in terms of the importance of these cognitive gains and growth distinct from pleasurable experience from the use of entertainment messages.