基于能力本位的高职课程学习成果真实性评价模式

真实性评价迎合了当代高职教育人才培养改革和发展的需要.真实性评价中的"真实",是要求在课程学习成果评价的任务、能力、产出、标准四个要素上同时体现真实性,是对高职能力本位教学实践的补充与衔接.通过与职场现实工作情境及评价操作的参照比对,构建高职课程真实性评价设计模型,按照评价设计过程分为六个环节:能力要求、评价任务、任务条件、学生成果、评分规则、评分情境,并在真实性评价体系设计中融入对评价信度和效度的考量,以期促进真实性评价在教学实践中的应用.     

Moodle教学环境下成人契约学习实证分析

Moodle教学环境下师生签订学习契约以实现学习成果。契约学习的主要环节有师生共同诊断学习需求、签订契约、履行契约、对学习结果进行契约评价。以Moodle教学环境下的课程为试点,进行契约学习实践探索。采用调查和访谈方法,对数据与信息进行统计与分析。结果发现,使用学习契约,增强了学习者的学习动力;提高了学习者的学习自主能力。有助于学习者履行学习责任,有利于增强师生之间的关系。基于这些发现,文章尝试进行了讨论、分析并提出建议。     

契约型学习策略对特殊用途英语学习的影响

通过实验探讨契约型学习策略对特殊用途英语学习成绩和学习态度的积极影响。实验对象是大连海事大学水上专业2007级本科生,跟踪时间为一学年（2007／9--2008／7）。为达到研究目标,入学之初,师生共同完成并签署一份学习契约,学年末对学生进行一次水平测试。此外,还通过问卷调查了解其效果。研究发现,学生们对学习契约的严肃态度和献身精神有效地激发了学习热情,从而在水平测试中取得了比较理想的成绩,学生普遍反映学习契约促进了英语学习,因而契约型学习策略是积极有效的。     

基于能力本位的高职教育实训基地建设研究

实训基地建设是高职院校改善办学条件、彰显办学特色、提高教学质量的重要保证。坚持以能力为本位的教育思想，构建以职业技能培养为目标的实践教学体系，以实训基地建设为教育教学改革的突破口，应当成为我国现阶段高职院校人才培养的重要着力点。     

Gender, Learning and Social Practice

The aim of this paper is to analyse the relationship between learning and gender at the workplace, by means of an empirical study. It is argued that gendered participation is learnt at the workplace and does not constitute a ‘natural’ division. The empirical part of the paper is based on a qualitative study of a bakery in which gender and learning in vocational training are the key focus. For centuries, bakeries have been masculine workplaces. However, in recent years, the percentage of female apprentices has increased. This paper takes a situated perspective on learning and gender, by focusing on how everyday work practices influence the discourses in workplace practice, and how this affects participant perceptions of themselves. Furthermore, Holzkamp’s distinction between expansive and restrictive perspective on learning is central to understanding the role of gendered discourses. In the first part of the paper, gender is situated in the bakeries, emphasizing the historical circumstances, physical environment and economic aspects that create a specific gendered discourse. In the second part of the paper, the focus is on how various ways of learning are situated in the bakeries.

高职教育能力本位的过程性学习效果评价研究

学习效果评价是工学结合人才培养过程中一个极其重要的环节,它是整个教学过程的一部分,直接引导学生学习什么和怎么学习。但目前我国高职教育在学生学习效果评价方面方法比较单一,缺乏一定的合理性。本文从注重学生能力本位培养的前提下,提出了一些比较适合的过程性学习效果评价方式,从而真正促进学生的有效学习。     

台湾能力本位教师教育运动演进历程探析

本文探讨了台湾能力本位教师教育运动的三个阶段:1970年代能力本位的理论研究、1980年代的试验推展阶段以及1990年代的融入多元化格局时期,归纳了台湾在借鉴美国能力本位教师教育过程中出现的特点,并简要分析能力本位教师教育对台湾教师教育发展的影响。     

Learning Plans

Abstract

Learning plans are essential tools for field education. The development of a learning plan invests the student in the learning process by encouraging ownership. It alsoserves as a model to help students understand the contracting process used when engaging clients. A well thought out learning plan assures accountability and avoids problemsthat may arise resulting from unclear field expectations. Yet, many students and field instructors have difficulty in developing meaningful plans that truly relate to the social work educational experience. This paper provides a framework for developing a learning plan that includes an overview of the student, faculty advisor, and field instructor's roles and the process utilized. Working from broad comprehensive learning goals, cognitive and affective objectives are developed. This leads to specified tasks and evaluative standards. A sample format is presented to further assist students, faculty advisors, and field instructors to develop useful, instructive, and evaluative learning plans.     

契约学习在开放大学远程教学中的应用与效果研究

契约学习强调学习者如何学习的过程而不是强调学习的内容,在远程教育教学中优势明显。采用实验研究、问卷调查等方法,对契约学习在远程教学中的应用效果进行分析,得出结论：契约学习是培养开放大学成人学习者自主学习能力和自我控制的有效途径,并能提高学习者学习的积极性与主动性;帮助教师实行个别化教学,有利于教师与学习者之间的良性互动。     

Bridging In-school and Out-of-school Learning: Formal, Non-Formal, and Informal Education

The present paper thoroughly examines how one can effectively bridge in-school and out-of-school learning. The first part discusses the difficulty in defining out-of-school learning. It proposes to distinguish three types of learning: formal, informal, and non-formal. The second part raises the question of whether out-of-school learning should be dealt with in the in-school system, in view of the fact that we experience informal learning anyway as well as considering the disadvantages and difficulties teachers are confronted with when planning and carrying out scientific fieldtrips. The voices of the teachers, the students, and the non-formal institution staff are heard to provide insights into the problem. The third part discusses the cognitive and affective aspects of non-formal learning. The fourth part presents some models explaining scientific fieldtrip learning and based on those models, suggests a novel explanation. The fifth part offers some recommendations of how to bridge in and out-of-school learning. The paper closes with some practical ideas as to how one can bring the theory described in the paper into practice. It is hoped that this paper will provide educators with an insight so that they will be able to fully exploit the great potential that scientific field trips may offer. This paper appears as a chapter in: Eshach, H. (2006). Science Literacy in Primary Schools and Pre-Schools, Netherlands: Springer.     

“学习自传”教学法的理论及应用

成人教学方法应符合成人学习特性,具有成人教育特色。美国南缅因大学成人教育学硕士专业的"学习自传"教学法在这方面做了有益的尝试。本文从理论基础、教学策略和教学案例三个方面,介绍"学习自传"教学法,以期为我国的成人教学理论研究和实践探索提供借鉴和启迪。     

诺尔斯学习契约理论对我国硕士研究生教育的启示

20世纪70年代,美国成人教育学家诺尔斯提出了学习契约理论,旨在通过契约学习的方法,引导学习者朝着自我导向式学习转变,增强学习者的自我学习能力以及适应其个性化学习需求。契约学习理论作为诺尔斯成人教育思想的重要组成部分,对当前我国硕士研究生教育具有重要启示——为导师负责制的落实提供了新的方法视角,有利于研究生个性化课程体系的形成。     

契约学习:提高教学质量的有效方式

从教学角度出发,把教师的教与学生的学放在契约社会这个背景下来考虑,强调教学双方是平等进入、平等交流,甚至是平等交换的契约关系,这就是“契约学习”的方式。在契约约束下的学习活动,不但调动了学生的学习自觉性、自主性,提高学生的学习质量,也实现了教师教学的预期目的,提高了教学质量,双方共同满足教与学的需求。     

协作学习在成人培训中的应用

本文阐述并分析了成人培训的现状,研究了基于协作学习的成人培训方法,最后对新方法进行了讨论。     

学习合同在大学英语教学中的应用

作者探索了学习合同的应用以及它给学生带来的益处.教育必须是一个主动而不是被动的过程.为了让学生主动学习,必须让他们参加教育过程从而在学习中变得更加独立,并且对他们自己的学习负起责任.他们必须培养自主学习能力.学习合同正是这样一种能让学生自我指导学习,使他们能够主动参与教育过程的学习模式.     

The Learning Community and Emotional Learning in a University-based Training of Counsellors and Psychotherapists

This paper is the first stage in a larger international comparative project, coordinated through the International Association of Counselling, on policy determinants in the education of counsellors. It arose in part out of an interest in the cultural determinants of what is taken as evidence. As a first stage for the project, a case study approach is used that asks what are the important features of the therapeutic learning experience provided by programmes in different countries, and how have these come about. The first example is a 4-year MSc programme in Counselling and Psychotherapy in the United Kingdom, with the focus on the intended therapeutic learning experience. It is argued that much of the emerging dominant training model of today is unbalanced, with too great an emphasis on CBT and short-term cost-effectiveness, rather than on the provision of a sound understanding based on learning from lived experience. There is concern at the extent to which depths of thinking and feeling are brushed aside, and with this a focus on the relationship and understanding of people’s experiences. The authors provide an analysis of their chosen training model through locating it historically in trends within European philosophy. The paper concludes by considering the appropriateness of Eurocentric approaches for other cultures.     

培养开放教育学生自主学习能力的实践与探索

培养学生运用现代信息技术进行自主学习的能力,是现代远程开放教育的核心内容。本文将当代教育理论的研究成果与具体实践相结合,针对如何从学校、教师、学生三方面共同培养和锻炼学生自主学习能力的问题,深入论述了学生、教师和学习支持服务设施等方面的原因,提出更新观念,建立开放教育新理念;优化教管,促进自主学习支持服务;加大投入,完善学习支持服务体系等三个用来促进开放教育学生自主学习能力提高的途径。     

"自主学习、研究性学习、合作学习"理论对高师教育的挑战和要求

时下教育界倡导的“自主学习、研究性学习、合作学习”理论,不仅给中小学教育带来冲击,同时对高师教育是一个挑战和要求。迎接挑战,本文认为高师院校就要更新教育观念,立足于学生主体,发展学生的个性;建构师生平等对话、交流的范式;采用多样化的教学形式,建立合理的评价体系等来促进高师院校大学生学习方式的转变,提高大学生整体素质。     

教育的未来:为教育共建一份社会新契约北大核心CSSCI

半个世纪以来,联合国教科文组织发布了一系列重要的、里程碑式的教育文件。从学会生存、学习的四个支柱到共同利益、社会契约等理念的提出,既呈现了联合国教科文组织作为全球教育领导者的全球性思维和全球视野,也体现了其一贯坚持的人文主义传统,并在传承中创新。面对全纳教育危机、学习的贫穷、学习的非认知能力培养以及新冠肺炎疫情加剧的教育危机等,联合国教科文组织在2021年11月发布的《共同重新构想我们的未来:一种新的教育社会契约》报告中提出,要为教育构建一份新的社会契约,通过契约精神维护与践行"教育是一项共同利益"。     

Active Learning in Engineering Education: a (re)introduction

ABSTRACT

The informal network ‘Active Learning in Engineering Education’ (ALE) has been promoting Active Learning since 2001. ALE creates opportunity for practitioners and researchers of engineering education to collaboratively learn how to foster learning of engineering students. The activities in ALE are centred on the vision that learners construct their knowledge based on meaningful activities and knowledge. In 2014, the steering committee of the ALE network reinforced the need to discuss the meaning of Active Learning and that was the base for this proposal for a special issue. More than 40 submissions were reviewed by the European Journal of Engineering Education community and this theme issue ended up with eight contributions, which are different both in their research and Active Learning approaches. These different Active Learning approaches are aligned with the different approaches that can be increasingly found in indexed journals.