口译教学中的问题分析和方法探索

随着改革开放的不断深入,国际交流日益增多,整个社会对口译人才的需求越来越大。为此,许多高等院校纷纷开设了口译课程。相对笔译而言,口译课的历史较短,口译教学研究还有待进一步深入。文章结合教学过程中发现的问题,对口译课的教学方法进行探索。     

论口译的译前准备

口译是即席性很强的活动,因此包含了很多不确定的因素。为了减少口译过程中的不确定性、提高口译质量,译员必须进行译前准备。本文从会议资料、主题内容和术语三方面阐述了如何进行口译准备。     

论口译的译前准备

口译是即席性很强的活动,因此包含了很多不确定的因素。为了减少口译过程中的不确定性、提高口译质量,译员必须进行译前准备。本文从会议资料、主题内容和术语三方面阐述了如何进行口译准备。     

论刑事案件庭审口译的译前准备

庭审口译的质量直接关系审判的公平、公正及当事人的权利保障,而从中国庭审口译的现状看来,译前准备不足是导致庭审口译质量影响的重要因素。本文以笔者一次刑事案件庭审口译任务为例,从术语、案情、法律文书和身心层面准备这四个方面阐述了刑事庭审口译译前准备中应注意的基本问题,供庭审译员参考。     

语用学会话含意理论在口译中的运用

本文主要是从语用学中的会话含意理论来讨论口译中语用等效的问题。由于受译双方不同的文化背景,生活习俗,表达方式等,在受译双方所说的话的字面意义之外常常包含着更大的语用信息,即会话含意,而这对交际的成功与否起着关键的作用。因此,口译者作为受译双方的中介传递者,必须要能理解受译双方话语中的言外之意,并在口译时采用相应的表达法充分传达双方的会话含意,保证语用等效和交际成功。     

滇西旅游区口译人才培养模式探索

滇西地区旅游产业蓬勃发展,外籍游客数量逐年增加。滇西区内高校应抓住机遇,以市场需求为导向,调整英语专业人才培养模式,培养一批符合地区旅游行业需求的口译人员,促进该地区社会经济的发展。本文结合口译员能力构成的三个方面,即译能、译技和译为,对滇西地区高校英语口译人才培养的模式进行了探讨。     

语用学会话含意论在口译中的运用

本文主要是从语用学中的会话含意理论来讨论口译中语用等效的问题.由于受译双方不同的文化背景,生活习俗,表达方式等,在受译双方所说的话的字面意义之外常常包含着更大的语用信息,即会话含意,而这对交际的成功与否起着关健的作用.因此,口译者作为受译双方的中介传递者,必须要能理解受译双方话语中的言外之意,并在口译时采用相应的表达法充分传达双方的会话含意,保证语用等效和交际成功.     

高职高专英语口译课教学模式探讨

随着改革开放的深化和中国第四次翻译高潮的到来,对于口译人才的需求越来越多,很多学校英语专业高年级都开设了口译课程,其中不乏一些高职高专学校。但研究和调查显示;能承担翻译译员任务的高职高专的学生寥寥无几。由于高职高专的教学目的、学生水平等情况都有别于一般高等院校,因此,高职高专的英语专业口译课的授课方式也不能照搬普通高等院校口译教学模式。实践证明,高职高专英语口译课堂教学AIPPL模式是切实可行并行之有效的。     

交替传译中的笔记探析

随着我国当今的国际地位不断上升,全球化趋势逐渐加深,以及我国实行的对外开放政策,口译在国际交流当中的重要性越发突显。在口译过程中尤其是交替传译中,口译笔记扮演着至关重要的角色,口译笔记的质量高低也成为衡量口译员专业水平和经验的重要标准。然而,目前人们的认知当中,对口译以及口译笔记的理解存在诸多误区和错误。     

非英语专业大学英语口译教学探索与实践

为适应社会发展的需要,高校有必要开设非英语专业口译实践课。分析了我国非英语专业口译教学的社会背景及其必要性和可行性．从教学目标的设定、教学内容的选择和教学方法原则三个方面探讨了针对非英语专业本科生口译的教学实践。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence