近代物理实验学生成绩量化评分的实践与效果分析

探讨了近代物理实验传统的教学与成绩评分模式,提出了量化评分体系的完善与细化问题,分析了该体系实施后的效果,对指导学生实验成绩评定及提高实验教学水平有一定帮助。     

Perceptions of quantitative methods in higher education: mapping student profiles

A number of studies have concluded that when students have greater confidence about their math skills and are aware of its usefulness, they have a more positive perception of the subject. This article aims to examine whether this pseudo linear trend in the relationship between affective and instrumental dimensions is also true of the university context. Special attention is devoted to the articulation of these dimensions in structuring student perceptions of quantitative methods so as to identify the various forms that this interaction can assume. Our second aim is to understand how the perceptions of these subjects are constructed by students from degree courses in distinct scientific areas. Can we speak of group dynamics whereby socialization within each degree course triggers the sharing of similar perceptions? We concluded that a certain linear trend can also be identified in the university context in the relationship between the affective dimension and usefulness of quantitative methods i.e., that the highest levels in the perception of the usefulness of these subjects corresponded to the highest levels of self confidence and enjoyment of the subjects. However, in addition to this scenario there is another configuration in which negative feelings coexist with the recognition of the usefulness of quantitative methods subjects. Namely, lower levels of self confidence and enjoyment of these subjects can also be associated with high levels of perceived usefulness. We also concluded that there is evidence of what we designated a certain course culture in the perceptions about quantitative methods. Nevertheless, when our observation is extended to the scientific area the heterogeneity of the perceptions becomes evident. Another important finding is the rejection of the thesis, at least in the university context, that defends the lack of self-confidence in quantitative methods among females student.     

浅谈学生学习物理过程中容易出现的问题

物理教学既要把学生已有的各学科的知识作为新知识的增长点,又要克服学生原有错误的观念在物理学习中的影响,把学生在学习过程中容易出现的问题讲清讲透.     

物理实验操作能力的结构模型初探

中学生物理实验操作能力是物理实验能力的核心部分。本文探讨了物理实验操作能力的定义及其特点 ,并在此基础上构建了物理实验操作能力的结构模型 ,讨论了该模型的特点 ,即整体性、静态性、动态性和自调性。根据物理实验操作能力的结构模型及其特点 ,给出了物理实验操作能力的主要指标     

The importance of the form of student acquisition of data in physics learning cycles

The learning cycle is a method of teaching–it is also a curriculum organization principle. Although Jean Piaget contributed to its formation (Piaget, 1973), its present structure has to be attributed to Dr. Robert Karplus and the persons who developed the materials of the Science Curriculum Improvement Study. It was through the SCIS activities that many of us learned how to develop curricula and teach with the learning cycle.     

浅谈学生学习物理过程中容易出现的问题

物理教学既要把学生已有的各学科的知识作为新知识的增长点,又要克服学生原有错误的观念在物理学习中的影响,把学生在学习过程中容易出现的问题讲清讲透。     

重视大学物理教学 提高学生科学素质

强调大学物理教学的重要性,论述了在大学物理教学中提高学生科学素质应注意的三个方面,即重视基本知识的教学;重视研究方法的教学;重视物理学史的教学．     

如何在物理探究教学中培养学生的问题意识

问题意识既是探究教学所必需的，同时又可以在探究教学中进行培养，本文从心理认知规律和教学过程规律两个方面，探讨在物理探究教学中培养学生问题意识的一些方法．     

师范学校物理探究教学现状(学生卷)的调查研究

随着教育改革的不断深入,科学探究已成为我国基础教育理科课程改革的一个核心问题。根据师范学校的物理探究教学现状,依据相关的理论,设计了学生问卷,并对调查结果进行分析,为提出在师范学校实施物理探究教学的模式和策略提供参考。     

A study of the validity of four types of student ratings of college teaching assessed on a criterion of student achievement gains

The purpose of the study was to investigate relationships between student ratings of college teaching using four types of student rating instruments and pre- vs. post-student achievement gains in 36 sections of an undergraduate analytic geometry and calculus course. Student rating instruments used varied according to type of items (high vs. low inference) and focus (students rating their own perceived growth vs. rating the instructor). Data were collected on 799 students (66% freshmen; 16% sophomore; and 15% juniors) at the University of Florida, and relationships were analyzed using the Pearson product-moment correlation technique. Significant relationships were not found between student ratings and student achievement.     

A comparison of student profiles based upon composite scale scores of the WISC-R

The purpose of this study was to investigate the similarity in the pattern of strengths and weaknesses between those students evaluated and placed in special education programs and those students evaluated and not placed in special education programs. The two groups were compared on the basis of 18 composite scale scores obtained from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R). The sample consisted of 585 students in grades 1–6 located in eastern Kentucky schools. A test for parallelism of the two profiles was conducted with a multiple-profile analysis using a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results revealed that the two profiles were parallel. The authors concluded that the two groups have a similar pattern of relative strengths and weaknesses.     

浅谈现代物理与物理观念的革新

对现代物理中相对论所革新的物理基本概念－－时空观、质能观和宇宙观做了简明的概述，说明更新物理观念的创新意识及其对发展创新思维方法的促进作用。     

A comparison of student perceptions of Dutch physics teachers' interpersonal behavior and their educational opinions in 1984 and 1993

According to the literature, in the 1980s the intended science curriculum exhibited a worldwide movement toward a curriculum for all, with a more contextually embedded approach. In writings about science teaching pedagogy, a trend can be observed to consider seriously students' conceptions, based on the premises of constructivism. This article examines consequences of these trends for teacher behavior and concludes that classes should become more student centered. In terms of the model for interpersonal teacher behavior (Wubbels & Levy, 1993), teachers must give their students more responsibility and act in a more understanding way. It is to be expected that teachers' beliefs and opinions have to change before this trend can be implemented in the classroom. We have therefore tested whether teachers' opinions about objectives and content of physics education, on the one hand, and the implemented curriculum, particularly teachers' interpersonal behavior, on the other, display the same trend observed in the intended curriculum. In 1984 and 1993, data on students' perceptions of their teachers' behavior were gathered from ninth-grade students of a random sample of Dutch physics teachers. Data on the teachers' self-perceptions of their behavior and their opinions about physics education also were included. The results show that teachers were more in favor of realistic teaching content in 1993 than in 1984, a shift that is in line with the trend in the intended curriculum. Students' perceptions indicated clearly that Dutch teachers behaved less dominantly and more cooperatively in 1993 than in 1984. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 34: 447–466, 1997.     

An investigation on the effects of using interactive digital video in a physics classroom on student learning and attitudes

Interactive digital video provides students with control of computer visualization techniques and allows them to collect, analyze, and model two-dimensional motion data. Activities that use these techniques were developed for students to investigate the concept of frames of reference in various real-life situations. This investigation examines the effect on student learning and attitudes of using these materials in an introductory college physics course. The study measured students' computer attitudes and found improvement in students' feelings of comfort in using computers after completion of the activities. We found students' prior computer experience did not influence their perceptions of the activities. The majority of participants perceived discussion and the computer visualization techniques as being very effective in helping them learn, Students' understanding of the physics concepts were assessed and the participants' scores were compared with nonparticipants' scores. Although analysis of variance statistical procedures revealed no significant differences between the two groups, the results of this study indicate that sophisticated instructional video software can be perceived as easy to use and effective by students who are novices and experts in using computers. Thus, interactive digital video tools and activities have the potential to provide physics teachers with the latest technology to bring the active process of learning physics to their classroom. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 34: 467–489, 1997.     

On the history of national physics in physics teaching

At this time big and important transformations of the social system are taking place in my country. In consequence of this process, practically all concepts, notions, traditions and criteria are changing. So Slovak society is in need of new ideas. Undoubtedly, history may become a source of such ideas. One can expect this for the history of physics in Slovakia too.     

Great experiments in physics

Tunneling between two superconductors was first predicted theoretically and then observed experimentally. The discovery ofthis effect has led to measurements of extremely tiny magnetic fields, new standard measurements of volt amongst other things. The experiments in which Josephson effect was first observed is described.