Principles for information technology investment in u.s. federal electronic records management

Changing business and legal conditions force federal agencies to acquire information technology (IT) systems today that may be subject to future mandatory electronic records management (ERM) requirements. Agencies must devise IT investment strategies that optimize operating efficiencies and customer service improvements in the present and also comply with the likely future direction of ERM regulations. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency undertook a business process reengineering (BPR) exercise with respect to future co-location of previously separate regulatory docket facilities. Their experience suggests that future mandatory ERM will cause federal agencies to take a more thorough account of the full information life cycle when planning an IT system’s life cycle; and that BPR is a practical necessity when implementing ERM.     

Applied science publishing in the u.s. government: failure of congressional policy

This article focuses on the period beginning in 1950–1960s, the pre–National Technical Information Service (NTIS) period, during which two key and powerful U.S. congressmen sought to establish a national clearinghouse for federally produced and sponsored applied science literature. The article examines their activities as well as the forces impeding their efforts.     

The u.s. department of energy Information bridge: Technical reports for the desktop

The U.S. Department of Energy and its predecessor agencies have been involved in various depository programs for their technical reports for over 40 years. An online service on the World Wide Web, called the DOE Information Bridge, has recently replaced distribution of physical paper reports. The Information Bridge also serves as an archive for electronic copies of DOE-sponsored technical reports. This article explores the capabilities of the new site and examines its implications for users and librarians.     

2008～2010年美国电子资源评估发展综述

电子资源已经成为高校图书馆馆藏资源的重要组成部分。基于美国研究图书馆协会电子资源评估调查,通过调查结果对美国的电子资源发展进行综述,以此来借鉴国外图书馆获取新型电子资源的方法与途径,依据ARL电子评估调查现状和存在的问题进行分析。通过电子资源的评估调查分析为高校图书馆建设电子信息资源提供参考,从不同角度借鉴联盟采购和图书馆采购方式,以期推进电子资源的共建、知识的共享。     

2008～2010年美国电子资源评估发展综述

电子资源已经成为高校图书馆馆藏资源的重要组成部分。基于美国研究图书馆协会电子资源评估调查,通过调查结果对美国的电子资源发展进行综述,以此来借鉴国外图书馆获取新型电子资源的方法与途径,依据ARL电子评估调查现状和存在的问题进行分析。通过电子资源的评估调查分析为高校图书馆建设电子信息资源提供参考,从不同角度借鉴联盟采购和图书馆采购方式,以期推进电子资源的共建、知识的共享。     

A period of transition: Foundation publications of the u.s. national military establishment

Through an examination of the scope and arrangement pattern of the federal government’s publications issued by the Army, Navy, and Air Force during the period of the so-called National Military Establishment, 1947–1949, one can gain an understanding of the workings of the Superintendent of Documents classification scheme. U.S. government depository libraries hold copies of many of the publications identified in the article. However, the article’s focus is on the record copies held by the National Archives within Record Group 287, Publications of the U.S. Government. An integral feature of the article is an appendix that lists more than 100 series with their respective SuDocs identification numbers. The author discusses the most significant of these series and introduces the lay reader to search methodologies for locating specific publications.     

The power of information: The example of the u.s. toxics release inventory

The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI) was the first legislatively mandated database in the history of the United States government. It provides access to information on releases of toxic chemicals. Following a brief history of the database, this article describes how access to public data in the TRI has contributed to significant reductions in overall pollution and helped change the role of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency from a strictly command-and-control regulatory body to one encouraging information-sharing and voluntary reductions. The article also discusses how the TRI has served as a model for integration of multiple sets of data to promote use and understanding of complex information. The article also describes how the database has served as a model for similar databases internationally.     

Testing the constitutionality of u.s. licensing of news gatherers and researchers traveling to cuba*

The Fifth Amendment right to travel freely abroad notwithstanding, the Supreme Court has upheld on national security grounds a de facto travel ban by which the U.S. government prohibits its citizens to spend money necessary for visiting the island of Cuba unless they receive prior approval from the Treasury Department. However, this article argues that the licensing regime used by Treasury to authorize some academic researchers and news gatherers to report from Cuba probably is unconstitutional. The First Amendment right to publish carries with it the antecedent freedom to gather news and information. The government may limit that freedom only for compelling reasons and only if the restrictions are not based on some constitutionally impermissible criterion or condition. The reason for this is to prevent the government from restricting the flow of information necessary for the American people to make enlightened choices in the democratic process and hold their government in account. Therefore, requiring news gatherers and academic researchers to obtain licenses undermines democratic self-government by placing the government in the position of determining the terms and conditions under which the electorate is informed about a matter of public importance. This article further argues that the criteria used in granting licenses are arbitrarily applied, not reasonably related to the stated goals of the economic embargo of Cuba, and discriminate against some information gatherers according to their employment status and content of their work. Based on this conclusion, the author decided to participate in a legal challenge, in which he and two other academic researchers traveled to Cuba without Treasury licenses in order to test the constitutionality of the regulations. The author’s personal experience is recounted, and the inconclusive outcome of his civil disobedience is reported.     

医学期刊编辑应重视论文题名的审读与加工

探讨生物医学期刊论文题名的重要性,认为在大信息量时代,编辑在审读题名时要从读者角度出发,题名必须准确、精练,能提供给读者尽可能多的信息并利于读者检索。     

U.s. military women in world war II: The spar,wac, waves,wasp, and women marines in u.s. government publications

During World War II, the U.S. military faced a shortage of personnel that forced the services to enlist women. All branches of the armed forces eventually created women's corps, and more than 275,000 women served in these organizations. This article offers an annotated bibliography of U.S. government publications relating to these pioneering women. It serves as a documentary history of World War II's military women as well as a resource for further study. A wide range of print and electronic materials is covered, from official and commemorative histories, to primary source materials such as congressional hearings and recruiting brochures and posters.     

Search for tomorrow: The electronic records research program of the u.s. national historical publications and records commission

The National Historical Publications and Records Commission (NHPRC) is a small grant-making agency affiliated with the U.S. National Archives and Records Administration. The Commission is charged with promoting the preservation and dissemination of documentary source materials to ensure an understanding of U.S. history. Recognizing that the increasing use of computers created challenges for preserving the documentary record, the Commission adopted a research agenda in 1991 to promote research and development on the preservation and continued accessibility of documentary materials in electronic form. From 1991 to the present the Commission awarded 31 grants totaling $2,276,665 for electronic records research. Most of this research has focused on two issues of central concern to archivists: (1) electronic record keeping (tools and techniques to manage electronic records produced in an office environment, such as word processing documents and electronic mail), and (2) best practices for storing, describing, and providing access to all electronic records of long-term value. NHPRC grants have raised the visibility of electronic records issues among archivists. The grants have enabled numerous archives to begin to address electronic records problems, and, perhaps most importantly, they have stimulated discussion about electronic records among archivists and records managers.     

中华医学会杂志社转企改制实践及思考

中华医学会与杂志社在2019年实现管办分离,转企改制基本完成。文章介绍杂志社转企改制情况,并对实践经验进行总结和思考。中华医学会杂志社转企改制的经验是:分步推进;多途径向企业化管理转型,包括从内容提供商向知识服务商转变,发展模式向媒体融合、集约化经营和集群化转变,提高核心竞争力并建设期刊品牌,调整部门设置并优化人才结构,多渠道提升盈利能力;管办分离,激发企业内生动力。     

黑龙江省医学、生物学外文期刊的现状与分析

对黑龙江省医学、生物学外文期刊进行调查、统计分析,找出我省在医学、生物学外文文献资源收藏方面的优势和不足,为我省医学、生物学文献资源建设布局合理化和实现资源共享提供可靠依据。     

Foil and foia compared: A comparison between the freedom of information law in israel and the u.s. freedom of information act

On May 19, 1998, the Israeli Knesset voted unanimously to pass a proposed “Freedom of Information Law.” Israel has been slow to adopt the concept of freedom of information, and although it has been acknowledged in various court rulings, it has not been embodied in legislation. The purpose of this study is to examine the Israeli Freedom of Information Law (FOIL) and to analyze it in respect to the U.S. Freedom of Information Act (FOIA). More specifically, this article looks closely at the purpose of the law, the circumstances that permit exemptions to be exercised, the provisions made within FOIL that will enable its execution, and court cases dealing with freedom of information.     

Open vs. Closed Stacks for Academic Library Periodical Collections

Two prevalent systems of organizing bound and current periodical collections in academic libraries are the open stack and the closed stack methods. This paper examines, by means of a survey, which method is used by selected two-year colleges in New York State. The initial purpose of the survey was to determine whether open or closed stacks were a significant factor in the loss of periodicals. The survey was sent to 31 libraries; 27 libraries responded, all apparently satisfied with their current system. The response showed that when theft was a problem, libraries with open stacks noted a greater loss of periodicals.     

网络环境下医学院校图书馆如何提高专业外文期刊文献利用率

随着现代信息技术的快速发展,作为高校文献信息主要来源的期刊资源的利用受到了巨大的冲击。本文对山西医科大学图书馆外文医学期刊利用情况进行了调查,分析了如何使期刊资源得到充分利用。