大数据企业技术创新的主要影响因素

针对近年我国大数据企业的技术效益不足问题,基于技术创新理论、大数据4V特点和文献研究,构建大数据企业技术创新影响因素的评价指标体系,依据专家访谈和层次分析法(AHP)找出我国大数据企业技术创新的主要影响因素;然后以主要影响因素的相关定量指标作为聚类指标进行聚类分析,再采用熵值法分析中低技术创新水平大数据企业的主要影响因素。研究结果显示:我国大数据企业的技术创新水平呈现“领先企业少而强,长尾企业多而弱”的非均衡格局,企业技术创新的主要影响因素有知识资源量、关系网络,而硕博学历员工数、研发投入等是中低型大数据企业技术创新的主要影响因素。     

企业技术创新能力与企业生态化水平的关联分析

在文献回顾的基础上,设计了企业技术创新能力和企业生态化的评价指标体系,以医药制造业为例,采用灰色关联法和信息熵法,测算了11个企业技术创新指标与企业生态化水平综合指标的关联度,并对实证研究结果进行了静态和动态分析,分析了各个指标对企业生态化水平的影响程度和不足之处,指出企业应当从加强科技机构的建立、加大生态化技术创新投入、重视技术的消化吸收再创新、加强新产品的研发和市场化工作等几个方面着手,提高企业技术创新能力和企业生态化水平。     

基于制度结构的企业持续技术创新动力评价

基于制度结构影响和作用的企业持续技术创新机理,结合企业持续技术创新动力模型,构建了基于制度结构的企业持续技术创新动力模型.利用AHP法对指标体系进行权重计算后,对云南铜业集团、联想集团以及中兴通讯收集数据并对其持续技术创新动力进行评价,得出制度结构是影响企业持续技术创新动力的最主要因素,完善的产权制度安排、企业家管理制度、人才资源管理制度以及技术创新管理制度是企业增强持续技术创新内部动力的最主要驱动力;此外,政府政策支持、公平竞争的市场环境等也是影响企业持续技术创新外部动力的主要因素.     

技术创新与城乡劳动力资源再配置

使用中国省域层面的面板数据,通过测算技术创新投入和产出指标,实证检验了技术创新对城乡劳动力资源再配置的影响,并对东中西部影响因素的差异进行了比较分析。数据的分析在总体上得出了肯定的结论,也揭示了技术创新发挥影响的区域特征。     

企业技术创新能力培育的区域性因素--基于战略性新兴产业上市公司的实证分析

以我国68个城市212家战略性新兴产业上市公司作为研究样本,运用负二项回归模型综合分析了FDI水平、经济发展水平、科教政策强度和地理位置等主要区域性因素对企业技术创新能力培育的影响。研究表明：区域的经济发展水平越高、地理位置优势越明显越有利于区域内战略性新兴产业企业技术创新能力的培育;而区域FDI水平对企业技术创新能力的培育具有显著的抑制作用;科学教育事业政策对企业技术创新能力培育的作用并不显著。     

技术创新对资本配置效率影响的实证测度——基于大型高新技术企业的分析

本文基于技术创新对资本配置效率有重要影响的思路,借助Jeffrey Wurgler的资本配置效率模型,测度了我国大型高新技术企业经营的各个行业的资本配置效率水平。同时通过引入技术创新能力指标和对Jeffrey Wurgler的资本配置效率模型进行有效的改进,并利用2001—2008年的相关数据,检验了技术创新对资本配置效率影响的存在,实证结果表明技术创新对我国大型高新技术企业经营的各个行业的资本配置效率有显著的影响,其影响值约为0.135;结果同时显示,相对于企业利润指标,技术创新指标对资本配置效率的影响在技术创新能力高的一组中的作用更加明显。     

我国企业技术创新选择影响因素的实证分析

根据熊彼特技术创新理论和现有研究成果,企业技术创新选择的影响因素有财政、金融等外部因素和物质、制度和精神等企业因素。借助问卷数据,分析和检验假设发现财政、金融和劳动力市场等因素对我国企业技术创新作用不明显,企业物质、制度和精神等因素对技术创新选择影响较强,但对不同技术创新的效应差异显著。依据结论建议:在促进经济稳定增长时,政府应激励技术创新;完善投资环境,降低企业开办成本,提升投资者创办企业的积极性,增加企业密度,促进市场竞争;企业应制定长期战略,健全内部制度,协调部门之间利益以激发员工技术创新动力。     

合作社的技术创新模式选择问题研究

通过对发展较好的合作社进行案例研究,分析合作社技术创新的主要特征,系统研究了合作社技术创新模式选择的主要影响因素.首先根据合作社的企业特点,确定合作社是一种典型的共营企业(Labor-managed Fimls);接着根据共营企业的特点,结合合作社的技术创新,讨论了合作社技术创新的特征;最后根据合作社技术创新模式选择的类别,分别从内部因素、外部因素、待开发技术特点分析了技术创新模式选择的主要影响因素和影响方式.     

链式发展视角大数据产业技术创新的推拉模型与关联效应——以京津冀地区为例

技术进步是产业持续发展的动力源泉,大数据产业链的完善与发展也主要依赖于大数据本体技术的创新。基于链式发展和推拉理论构建大数据产业技术创新的推拉模型,再采用灰色关联法探讨京津冀地区大数据产业链式发展模式下技术创新的推力因子与拉力因子的关联效应,并运用障碍度模型识别该地区大数据产业技术创新的主要障碍因子,结果表明：基于推力因子角度,河北省各推力因子的关联度较低,同时京津冀由于区域战略发展的定位不同而使得各推力因子间的关联度排序存在差异;基于拉力因子方面,产业影响力对大数据产业的技术创新发展具有较强的拉动作用,同时京津冀在大数据应用的领域和水平等方面因具有不同的侧重点而使得各地区拉力因子的关联度也不相同;京津冀地区大数据产业发展的障碍因素存在共性问题且其主要障碍因子均为政府推动力和大数据应用能力及产业影响力等。研究表明,京津冀应结合自身优势与战略定位等加强相关基础要素的投入和提高技术应用水平并扩大产业影响力,可有效促进大数据产业的技术创新发展。     

大数据环境下企业技术创新知识管理模式研究

大数据为企业技术创新创造了条件,为企业的发展带来了新机遇。通过研究大数据和知识管理对企业技术创新产生的影响,构建了以市场需求为导向、以大数据技术为依托、以大数据资源深层开发为基础、以网络化协同创新为手段的企业技术创新的知识管理模式,并提出实施策略。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Our Own Devices: Heterotopic Communication, Discourse, and Culture in the Information Society 1

The main premise of this article is that in information societies generally, and in virtual social contexts particularly, a distinctive style of interaction to facilitate the communication of difference, heterotopic communication , has emerged. It rests on two cultural foundations: an ideological belief in the positive, socially integrating power of communication, and a prevailing ethic of instrumental rationality, subjective individualism, and strategically practiced self-interest. The former is demonstrated by the use of simulation and spectacle as sources of information; exhibitionism/voyeurism as a communicative style; and the awareness of surveillance. The latter is seen in the competitive use of knowledge as a commodity; a surface globalism masking deep parochialism; lateral as well as vertical information inequity; and the use of public versus private as strategies for engagement rather than as spaces. Those who engage in heterotopic communication resort to their 'own devices' both in the sense of personal agendas, strategies, interests, and interpretations, and in the form of the telecommunication tools that help realize them. These personal and technological devices allow individuals with the right educational and technical resources to avoid exposure to disagreement, difference, or other information that does not serve their direct purposes or reflect their particular views of the world; yet they also help convey the appearance of openness, availability, and cooperation. This style of interaction is used strategically in combination with information and communication technologies to gain social or economic advantages, but it may encourage social separatism and parochialism, inhibit the negotiation of disputes, and emphasize competing interests.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence     

Chinese Scientists Use Earth Observation Technologies to Study and Protect Wild Camels

<正>Chinese scientists plan to apply Earth Observation technologies to protect the critically endangered wild camels(Camelus ferus).With the help of remote sensing,satellite positioning,geographical information system and wireless sensors networks,they will be able to access the distribution and population of the wild camels and protect their habitats.The project will be carried out by the International Research Center for Wild Camel Conservation,which was jointly established earlier this year by the Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth(RADI)of the Chinese