美国图书馆学家梅特卡夫的历史贡献及其启示

从图书馆建筑规划、馆藏发展与合作、图书馆管理三个方面阐述美国图书馆学家梅特卡夫的历史贡献及其学术思想对当今图书馆管理与服务的启示。在建筑规划上,梅特卡夫为解决哈佛大学图书馆空间紧张的问题,建设了3个新馆:专门收藏善本与手稿的霍顿图书馆、联合储存低利用率馆藏的新英格兰储存图书馆、专供本科生使用的拉蒙特图书馆,并重新规划怀德纳图书馆为研究型图书馆;在馆藏发展与合作方面,梅特卡夫制订图书采选计划,推动"法明顿计划",剔除低利用率图书;在图书馆管理方面,梅特卡夫通过引进外部人才及开展员工培训变革人事管理制度。他的学术思想对图书馆管理与服务的启示主要有:图书馆空间规划与馆藏发展方针密切相关;细化用户身份和需求,实现基础服务与研究服务并行发展;图书馆服务能力应通过人才招聘与员工培训逐步提升。     

北欧四国图书馆法发展历程及现状分析与研究

回顾北欧四国即丹麦、芬兰、挪威及瑞典图书馆法的发展历程,并从9个方面对4部法典进行比较研究,包括:①图书馆性质;②图书馆经费来源;③图书馆服务标准;④图书馆资源建设;⑤专业人员任职;⑥图书馆发展与布局;⑦图书馆的管理体制;⑧图书馆资源共享建设;⑨图书馆法执行力度。在此基础上发现北欧四国的图书馆法具有宏观规划性、优秀的特殊用户群服务、图书馆事业资金获得有力保障及政府在图书馆事业中的责任明确4个特点。     

省图书馆在公共图书馆服务体系中的定位与发展

主持人:2006年《国家"十一五"时期文化发展规划纲要》(以下简称《文化发展规划纲要》)明确提出,"十一五"期间要加大政府对文化事业的投入,其中包括大力发展图书馆事业.这无疑是一个振奋人心的喜讯!《文化发展规划纲要》要求图书馆要创新服务方式,"实行定点服务与流动服务相结合,鼓励具备条件的城市图书馆采用通借通还等现代服务方式,推动公共文化服务向社区和农村延伸."要求加大文化资源向农村的倾斜,"县(市)图书馆逐步实行分馆制,丰富藏书量,形成统一采购、统一编目的图书配送体系,充分发挥县图书馆对乡镇、村图书室的辐射作用,促进县、乡图书文献共享."     

图书馆服务能力理论研究——概念、特性、提升障碍及逻辑起点

从图书馆组织角色定位考虑,图书馆服务能力就是图书馆组织代理政府创造读者价值的本领。这个本领包括了两个方面内容:一是提高服务效率;二是保障图书馆资源共享的公平、公正与平等。"效率"与"公平"共生,使图书馆服务效率失去了任意提升的可能性,而图书馆服务本身的不确定性、无偿性和服务刚性给其服务能力提升设置了三道天然屏障。在对图书馆服务能力的共生性与提升障碍理性认识的基础上,从资源稀缺的角度,确立了服务能力提升的逻辑起点。     

基层公共图书馆的功能

基层公共图书馆的主要任务是为全地区的居民和地区所在地的政府服务,这是公共图书馆不同于其他类型图书馆的一大特点。因此基层公共图书馆如区图书馆、县图书馆、街道图书馆、乡镇图书馆等必须从这个特点出发,去设计、规划、安排、考虑自己的工     

公共图书馆面积规划实践分析（下）

2.5空间布局及其比例 在以服务人口、馆藏数量等因素作为确定图书馆建筑规模的主体依据测算出图书馆建筑的面积后,其内部结构功能及分区、布局成为我国图书馆面积规划关注的主要问题。其他国家在图书馆空间布局及其比例上不像我国的《公共图书馆建设标准》那样关注。笔者认为,图书馆面积规划的重点在于面积大小的确定,空间的分隔会受图书馆的功能、特色、服务人口数、图书馆的类型等因素的影响,在空间布局2．5空间布局及其比例在以服务人口、馆藏数量等因素作为确定图书馆建筑规模的主体依据测算出图书馆建筑的面积后,其内部结构功能及分区、布局成为我国图书馆面积规划关注的主要问题。其他国家在图书馆空间布局及其比例上不像我国的《公共图书馆建设标准》那样关注。笔者认为,图书馆面积规划的重点在于面积大小的确定,空间的分隔会受图书馆的功能、特色、服务人口数、图书馆的类型等因素的影响,在空间布局上会产生不同的结果。世界各国对空间的分布基本上都是从便利面积的确定角度出发,抓住图书馆工作必不可少的要素,分门别类地计算面积。     

城市图书馆“智慧”转型中的三大科技应用领域

传统图书馆服务、数字图书馆服务、移动图书馆服务是当今公共图书馆现代科技应用的三个重点领域,也是构建未来"智慧"型图书馆的重要组成部分。城市图书馆在规划、推进相关科技应用时,应结合自身定位、城市特点,正确处理好三者之间的关系,促进三者之间协调发展。应从城市未来发展的需要出发,规划选择适当的技术,如自动化系统、无线射频识别等,加强区域合作,对城市图书馆资源与服务进行高度融合与集成,促进传统图书馆服务向"智慧"转型,实现无处不在、无时不有的专业服务。     

基于读者类型划分的图书馆员价值追求探讨

图书馆员的使命是在读者服务活动中认识读者个体并根据读者个体特点进行类型划分,最终找到自己在"读者第一,服务至上"价值目标中的规划点和定位点。因此,图书馆员对读者类型要有足够的认识和把握。英国学者哈特的内、外在观点论有助于对读者类型进行分析和考查。对读者类型进行划分有助于深入挖掘图书馆员为读者服务的潜力,深化图书馆"读者第一,服务至上"的目标价值。     

图书馆空间布局与功能维度的战略规划研究——以同济大学图书馆为例

[目的/意义] 基于用户服务视角,同济大学图书馆开展"十三五"战略规划研究,对未来图书馆的业务流程、空间布局、功能维度和服务导向进行规划,为国内大学图书馆"十三五"时期的服务转型和变革提供借鉴。[方法/过程] 通过文献调研和案例分析,分析多元化的空间布局原则,结合"十三五"时期的新型服务功能,探讨空间功能的四个维度。以同济大学图书馆为例,从业务流程和用户服务两个角度分析空间布局功能框架。[结果/结论] 大学图书馆空间布局的变革与服务转型是密不可分的,同济大学图书馆空间布局战略规划研究,为空间再造提供必要的理论支持和实施保障,对大学图书馆"十三五"时期的服务转型具有一定的借鉴意义。     

服务"双新全金"的高校图书馆"十四五"规划探析

"十四五"时期是我国开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程的第一个五年,习近平总书记非常重视"十四五"规划工作,鼓励广大人民群众和社会各界以各种方式为"十四五"规划建言献策,齐心协力把"十四五"规划编制好.为做好高校图书馆的"十四五"规划,本文从图书馆工作视角梳理、分析了近三年高等教育相关政策精神,归纳出"双新全金"的服务主题,并从格局要素、资源要素、服务要素三个方面探索高校图书馆"十四五"规划的制定.     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.     

基于文献时间特征的学科主题演化分析方法研究 ——以图书情报学领域为例

在分析文献在不同研究阶段用词时间特征的倾向性基础上,提出一种基于主题模型的研究发展阶段识别方法。重点阐述该方法的构建过程,包括时间特征抽取、发展阶段界定、主题冷热变化分析等步骤。为验证该方法的有效性,针对词频统计法和主题模型方法在主题演化分析中的效果进行比较分析。结果表明,该方法能在识别主题热点和发展趋势的同时,有效地区分不同主题所反映的研究发展阶段。     

How Digital Content Resellers are Impacting Trade Book Publishing

Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.     

Germany's New Culture of Welcome—Our Libraries are an Essential Part of it

ABSTRACT

German authorities are expecting more than 1 million refugees by the end of 2015. These people come to Germany to seek protection and assistance and to build a new life, therefore it is important to welcome them and to assist them in their integration as soon as possible. This situation creates a versatile and perfectly fitting opportunity for cultural and educational programs, including libraries, which can play a vital role in this integration process. The key to integration is the knowledge of the German language, and the most important challenge now is to teach the necessary language skills to as many asylum-seekers as possible.     

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

Abstract

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great potential exists for developing applications that can exploit metadata exposed to Web services via RSS. Using the MODS metadata format, entire catalog records can be seamlessly embedded in RSS 2.0 feeds. Existing tools, such as Library of Congress Java toolkits and XSLT stylesheets, can facilitate this process, while a new XSLT stylesheet may be used to create the RSS feeds complete with MODS records. As an example of the added functionality these MODS/RSS feeds can offer, records from a MODS-enriched RSS feed can be ingested into a non-RSS application such as Zotero. As more emerging library technologies use Web services architectures to handle data objects, the ability to syndicate catalog records will become more critical to providing innovative library Web services.     

Selling Women on PDAs from “Simply Palm” to “Audrey”: How Moore's Law Met Parkinson's Law in the Kitchen

This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.