Biomass power generation： toward a sustainable energy future

16 October, 2005 was a day of celebration for the Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion(GIEC), CAS, as its technology ofbiomass gasification and power generation (BGPG) was chosen by an evaluation panel of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization as one of the 10 top investment scenarios to apply new technologies for renewable energy utilization.     

痉挛型脑瘫治疗新进展

脑性瘫痪是一个世界难题,目前仍无特效治疗方法治愈脑瘫,如今治疗脑性瘫痪,多采用中西医结合、传统康复与现代康复相结合,全方位、多角度的综合康复治疗,其方法包括康复训练、作业疗法、语言训练等康复训练,又有针刺艾灸治疗、穴位注射治疗、中药封包、中药水疗、中药口服、小针刀等传统中医治疗,还有营养神经药物,如胞磷胆碱、脑蛋白水解物、小牛血清白蛋白、鼠神经生长因子、氢溴酸东莨菪碱、川芎嗪注射液、A型肉毒毒素等,也有选择性脊神经后根切除术、选择性脊神经后根非切断性机械灭活、选择性周围神经切断术及矫形手术等手术治疗。而痉挛型脑瘫,占脑性瘫痪患儿60%-70%,故对于其治疗方法的探讨,意义重大。     

Reference intervals: current status,recent developments and future considerations

Reliable and accurate reference intervals (RIs) for laboratory analyses are an integral part of the process of correct interpretation of clinical laboratory test results. RIs given in laboratory reports have an important role in aiding the clinician in interpreting test results in reference to values for healthy populations. Since the 1980s, the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) has been proactive in establishing recommendations to clarify the true significance of the term ‘RIs, to select the appropriate reference population and statistically analyse the data. The C28-A3 guideline published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) and IFCC is still the most widely-used source of reference in this area. In recent years, protocols additional to the Guideline have been published by the IFCC, Committee on Reference Intervals and Decision Limits (C-RIDL), including all details of multicenter studies on RIs to meet the requirements in this area. Multicentric RIs studies are the most important development in the area of RIs. Recently, the C-RIDL has performed many multicentric studies to obtain common RIs. Confusion of RIs and clinical decision limits (CDLs) remains an issue and pediatric and geriatric age groups are a significant problem. For future studies of RIs, the genetic effect would seem to be the most challenging area.
The aim of the review is to present the current theory and practice of RIs, with special emphasis given to multicenter RIs studies, RIs studies for pediatric and geriatric age groups, clinical decision limits and partitioning by genetic effects on RIs.Key words: multicenter study, common reference intervals, reference values, clinical decision limits, genetic information     

光伏发电系统碳中和及其影响因素

发展光伏能源是构建清洁能源体系、实现社会经济发展绿色低碳转型的重要举措,明确光伏发电系统的碳中和路径,辨识其影响因素对于能源转型从而促进碳中和目标实现具有重要意义。本文基于生命周期评价,解析了光伏发电系统的碳排放特征,探讨了光伏发电系统全生命周期碳收支和光伏阵列下草地生态系统固碳增汇的影响因素。研究发现：①功率为500 kW的光伏电站从生产到废弃处理全过程碳排放量约为1.00×10⁶ kg;②相比标准煤发电,其全生命周期中减碳量约为3.05×10⁵ kg/a,节省标准煤约1.24×10⁵ kg/a;③若光伏阵列下草地生态系统固碳速率以0.33 Mg C/(hm²·a)为参考,全生命周期内草地生态系统的固碳量约为8.25 Mg,考虑其相比标准煤发电的减碳量后,500 kW光伏发电系统约需3.27年可以中和其生产建造过程的碳排放。光伏组件和设备生产过程中各阶段的能耗、光伏场地气候特征等均会影响光伏发电系统碳中和目标的实现,采用节能环保材料、改进生产工艺、优化光伏场地选址、构建“光伏+生态修复”协同发展技术可以有效提升光伏发电系统的碳中和效率及固碳增汇能力。     

青海省清洁能源发电潜力及价值分析

随着科技进步,清洁能源的开发利用成为缓解资源短缺、改善生态环境的重要途径,对清洁能源潜力进行量化评估,有助于有关部门制定合理的开发利用决策.本文基于模型模拟和空间分析等方法,对青海省水电势能、太阳能、风能、生物质能、地热能5种主要清洁能源的发电潜力及价值进行评估,得到了青海省主要清洁能源发电潜力的时空分布格局和数量统计...     

分布式光伏发电技术特性及对电力系统的影响

文章基于实际项目年度运行数据,以大量图表的形式,总结了分布式光伏发电出力特性,研究了分布式光伏发电对电力系统的正面和不利影响。     

离网型太阳能发电系统的设计与应用

离网型太阳能(光伏)发电系统是一种与国家电网未连接的发电方式。它通过光伏组件接受太阳光,将其转化为直流电能,但此直流电不稳定,随着太阳光线的强弱发生变换。因此通过控制器将直流电控制在稳定值,输送给直流负载供电或蓄电池,因为太阳能发电系统未接入国家电网,受环境的影响,晚上或阴雨天不能正常发电,因此,通过蓄电池可将控制器稳定后的多余电量存储在蓄电池中,以满足未能发电情况下使用。实际应用中,存在大量的交流负载,因此太阳能发电系统需要对所发的直流电进行转换,此系统应用离网型逆变器将稳定后部分直流电转换成所需的交流电,提供给交流负载使用从而实现了它的实际价值,给人民生活(特别是偏远地方)带来了方便。     

基于工程造价及发电成本的核电与火电比较研究

为了更为本质地反映核电和火电各自的特点,选取工程造价和发电成本两个指标,以广东省内高效环保火电与核电为例进行详细计算和全面比较,从而客观公正地对核电和火电的发展作出评价。核电的国产化比例达到60％～70％时,可降低造价35％～40％,单位千瓦建成价约为火电的2～3倍。预计20～30年内,核电与火电的发电成本基本一致。发展我国核电要走自主化、国产化之路,也是降低其成本的主要途径。     

On the impact of quantum computing technology on future developments in high-performance scientific computing

Quantum computing technologies have become a hot topic in academia and industry receiving much attention and financial support from all sides. Building a quantum computer that can be used practically is in itself an outstanding challenge that has become the ‘new race to the moon’. Next to researchers and vendors of future computing technologies, national authorities are showing strong interest in maturing this technology due to its known potential to break many of today’s encryption techniques, which would have significant and potentially disruptive impact on our society. It is, however, quite likely that quantum computing has beneficial impact on many computational disciplines. In this article we describe our vision of future developments in scientific computing that would be enabled by the advent of software-programmable quantum computers. We thereby assume that quantum computers will form part of a hybrid accelerated computing platform like GPUs and co-processor cards do today. In particular, we address the potential of quantum algorithms to bring major breakthroughs in applied mathematics and its applications. Finally, we give several examples that demonstrate the possible impact of quantum-accelerated scientific computing on society.     

发电市场中市场力的博弈论分析

应用信息博弈的理论分析了发电市场中垄断者是如何制定其价格策略以吓阻竞争者进入市场的,得出了在分离均衡和混同均衡两种情况其不同的价格选择。指出政府对电力市场进行监管和调控的必要性。     

Monolithic integrated MXene supercapacitors may power future electronics

<正>Electrolytic capacitors and batteries are the largest components in portable electronics.Can they be replaced by fully integrated devices capable of performing functions ranging from energy storage to AC line-filtering and providing power pulses for communication?Wearable,flexible,transparent and epidermal electronics,micro-robots,and Internet of Things devices,will all require compact energy storage solutions.     

可再生能源发电与我国电力的可持续发展

可再生能源是指那些永远不会枯竭,可以持续使用的清洁能源,这些能源包括风能、太阳能、生物质能、地热能、海洋能、小水电(电站的装机容量在5万千瓦以下),对当地的、区域的和全球的环境保护都是友好的能源。     

国外沼气发电产业动态及其在中国的发展

介绍了近年来国外沼气发电产业的开发应用现状,生产技术进展,及发展沼气发电的相关政策和质量标准,为我国沼气工程与发电技术的发展提出了一些建议,最后展望了沼气发电技术的发展前景.     

A demo device for new approach of wave power generation

In cooperation with Chuanshiyu Machinery Co., Ltd., researchers with the CAS Institute ofElectrical Engineering （IEE） have worked out a demonstration device that employs a novel approach to converting the energy harbored by sea waves into electricity.     

Constrained future brightening of solar radiation and its implication for China's solar power

As Earth''s primary energy source, surface downward solar radiation (R_s) determines the solar power potential and usage for climate change mitigation. Future projections of R_s based on climate models have large uncertainties that interfere with the efficient deployment of solar energy to achieve China''s carbon-neutrality goal. Here we assess 24 models in the latest Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 with historical observations in China and find systematic biases in simulating historical R_s values likely due to model biases in cloud cover and clear-sky radiation, resulting in largely uncertain projections for future changes in R_s. Based on emergent constraints, we obtain credible R_s with narrowed uncertainties by ∼56% in the mid-twenty-first century and show that the mean R_s change during 2050–2069 relative to 1995–2014 is 30% more brightening than the raw projections. Particularly in North China and Southeast China with higher power demand, the constrained projections present more significant brightening, highlighting the importance of considering the spatial changes in future R_s when locating new solar energy infrastructures.     

建设西藏自然科学博物馆功在千秋

神奇壮观的地球之巅,色彩斑斓的世界屋脊蕴育着青藏高原千奇百态的山川奇峰、包容着万千物种的繁衍生息,无限灿烂的绮丽风光与积淀厚重的人文美。通过博物馆形式,采用现代科技手段,浓缩和凝聚美伦美奂的天上西藏,充分突现青藏高原隆起所产生的地球之巅的恢弘气势,展示世界独一无二的壮观景色和丰富的自然资源,弘扬民族优秀文化、     

浅谈太阳能发电技术中创新能力的培养

传统的教育理念缺少实践性和创造力,如何在教学过程中培养学生"动手能力、综合能力、创新能力"是教学改革的重点之一。以太阳能发电技术为研究平台,科教融合,激发学生学习兴趣和积极性,从而提高学生实践能力,创新能力。