自我调节学习的影响因素及促进策略

自我调节学习是顺应时代要求而产生的、由学习者积极主动去获得知识和技能的一种学习方式。本文从学习目标、任务价值、自我效能感、归因及自我调节学习策略的类型等五个方面分析了影响自我调节学习的因素,并提出了几种促进学生自我调节学习的策略。     

Perceived ability and success: which self-efficacy measures matter? A distance learning perspective

This paper sought to determine the effects of three self-efficacy measures on the academic attainment of students who were enrolled for the first time at the University of South Africa (Unisa) in 2015. The measures of interest were self-regulated learning efficacy, distance learning self-efficacy and computer and online technologies self-efficacy. Overall, only DLSE was found to have a significant effect on academic attainment albeit with a low effect (r = ?.13), explaining only 1.7% of the variation in the academic achievement between successful and unsuccessful students. DLSE also explained 10% of the variation in academic achievement between successful and unsuccessful students who, although new to Unisa, were not new to higher education.     

网络课程在实验课程教学中的应用与实践——以《中药药剂学实验》教学为例

网络课程在高校教育教学中发挥着不可替代的作用。本文以《中药药剂学实验》网络课程建设与教学为例,从网络课程素材内容的设计、网络课程平台在教学中发挥的作用、实施效果和存在的问题,对网络平台在实验课程教学中的应用进行分析和探讨。结果证明,网络平台有利于教师和学生点对点教学,激发学生学习动机;让学生提交多媒体电子版实验报告,能提高师生和学生间的交流互动;借助网络平台有利于学生总结与回顾知识。通过调研学生使用网络平台的情况可知,网络课程在实验教学中应用,对学生学习兴趣及技能训练具有促进作用。     

高校在线课程设计策略与开发方法研究

提高吸引力、满足学习者的学习需求是在线课程设计与开发的目标.本文在分析高校在线课程建设存在问题的基础上,提出了在线课程在教学内容、教学资源、教学活动、教学评价等方面的设计策略,以《现代教育技术》在线课程为例,具体说明了在线课程设计与开发的策略和具体方法.研究表明,以岗位需要为基础开发和建设在线课程,能更好的满足学习者在线学习的需要.     

Implications of task structure on self‐regulated learning and achievement

School tasks interact with student motivation, cognition, and instruction to influence learning and achievement. Heeding calls for additional research linking motivational and cognitive factors in learning and instruction on specific tasks within authentic classroom settings we quantitatively and qualitatively track 90 tenth‐grade science students’ motivation, reported use of learning strategies, achievement, calibration, and task perceptions as they engage in a well‐structured task (WST) and an ill‐structured task (IST). Students achieved higher grades on, and reported more ease and value for, the WST whereas they utilised critical thinking and peer learning strategies more on the IST. Lower academic achievers calibrated their achievement less accurately on each task and experienced lower grades, interest, ease, and management capability on the IST. Conversely, higher academic achieving students reported more self‐efficacy and effort regulation and lower anxiety and elaboration on the IST. Motivation – notably less intrinsic goal orientation in low academic achievers and higher task value and self‐efficacy – predicted performance on the IST. The structure of tasks may provide prompts that illicit unique self‐regulated learning responses in students.     

网络课程平台中学习者激励机制的设计与应用研究

众多调查研究表明,网络课程平台中学习者访问率有限,全部学完课件比例较低,师生网上交互不够热烈,研究者指出可能有以下原因导致：网络课程资源的单调性、学习者学习积极性不足、学习者激励措施不到位等。综述所言：网络课程平台对学习者学习驱动性不足,笔者将网络课程平台中驱动学习者完成学习的因素分为强制性因素与人本化因素两种,强制性因素是指平台中具有相对学习者而言的不可替代性元素,如网上作业、学籍服务、师生交互等;人本化因素是指平台中“以学习者为本”元素吸引着学习者自觉自愿选择网络课程平台完成学习。因为平台能满足学习者内在知识需求,提供给学习者愉悦的学习体验。笔者通过将网络课程平台与网络游戏系统的对比,设计了基于平台中人本化因素的学习者激励机制,并根据笔者描述的网络课程平台学习者学习流程,提出了流程中每个环节激励措施及实现策略。     

学习动力不足的在线辅导策略选择

成人学习者有学习需求,但学习动力不足,这是我们无法回避的事实。在线教学中,课程导师和学习者必须形成一对合力,预期一致,相互配合才可能取得理想的学习效果。因此,课程导师有必要借助商品服务环节的对照分析,厘清影响在线辅导策略选择的因素,基于服务理念的指引,掌握在线辅导的策略和技能,综合运用推送、激励、观察、提问和反馈等在线辅导策略,持续激发和维护学习者的学习动力和热情,促使学习者的在线学习行为真实有效发生。     

自我评估对大学生英语学习动机影响的实证研究

自我评估是一种元认知学习策略,它和英语学习动机有着密切的关系。实证研究发现,两者呈现正相关,即学生的自我评估运用得越好,大学生英语学习动机水平就越高;且其中对融入型英语学习动机和对工具型动机的影响并不相同。在自我评估模式实践前后,学生的英语学习动机呈现出显著性差异。     

在线学习准备度对大学生在线学习投入度的影响

在线学习投入是保证"停课不停学"期间在线教学质量的重要条件。对大学生开展调查,运用描述统计和回归分析法对疫情期间大学生在线学习准备度的现状、大学生在线学习投入度的现状进行分析,可以发现在线学习准备度对大学生在线学习投入度的影响以及在线学习自我效能感、感知教师支持、在线学习平台体验在其中的中介作用。结果表明:大学生在线学习准备不足;大学生在线学习投入整体不高;大学生在线学习准备度对大学生在线学习投入度具有显著影响;在线学习自我效能感、感知教师支持、在线学习平台体验在在线学习准备度和在线学习投入度之间存在中介效应。因此,可以从技术支持维度、在线学习资源设计维度、教师支持维度着手提升学生的在线学习投入度。     

学生自主学习能力培养的思考

培养学生的自主学习能力,使学生成为会学习的人,对学生的终身学习极为重要。本文首先阐述了培养学生自主学习能力的必要性,然后主要对自主学习能力培养的实施进行以下阐述:激发学习动机,提高自我效能感;帮助学生自主制定计划和目标;指导学生自我学习、自主解决问题、自主评价,实现自我发展。     

Programming MOOCs – different learners and different motivation

ABSTRACT

MOOCs for learning the basics of programming have become popular among people with a diverse range of backgrounds, interests and learning contexts. Studies show that learners who enrol in MOOCs tend to have different motivation from learners in traditional courses, but it is not known how motivation differs for people with different backgrounds. This study aims to describe how the motivational factors behind enrolment in programming MOOCs relate to learners’ characteristics. The data were gathered in the spring of 2017 with a motivation scale (FIEM) from 1,536 participants of the MOOC ‘About Programming’. Using comparative analysis, differences in motivational factors between groups by gender, employment status and previous experiences in programming were found. Correlational analysis revealed that educational level, age and self-evaluated probability of completing the MOOC were also related to motivational factors. Different people are motivated by different factors, indicating that this knowledge could be used to design interesting and motivating programming MOOCs, which are relevant to learners with various backgrounds.     

在线学习环境中课程完成原因探析(英文)

很多提供在线课程的教育机构所面临的一大挑战就是开发能够提高学生动机的教学策略,从而提高课程和项目的完成率.本研究利用Eastmond(1994)开发的基于计算机会议的成人远程学习框架(Adult Distance Study through Computer Conferencing,简称ADSCC),探讨了学习者的准备情况、在线特征、与计算机媒介传播(Computer Mediated Communication,tuj tq CMC)相关的学习方法等因素是否会影响虚拟学习环境中学生自备课程完成情况.研究结果表明,以上因素与课程完成情况有着显著的正相关.同时研究还发现,自我动机、对技术的信任,以及技术的易用等是在线学习环境中课程完成的主要原因.     

网络课程对高职差生英语学习动机的影响

学习动机是外语学习成功与否的关键因素之一。网络课程可以提供不同于传统课堂的学习情境,因而可能作用于学习动机。本文用问卷调查的方式研究高职差生的英语学习动机类型以及网络课程对学习动机的影响。研究发现：高职差生的英语学习动机类型与本科生有所区别;高职差生喜欢通过网络课程学英语;网络课程能有效提高差生对英语的内在兴趣一一学习情境的改善增加了学习乐趣,而且使学生感到更自在。     

学习分析视域下的在线学习动机评估研究

突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情使在线课程的学习效果受到质疑,在线学习动机研究逐渐受到重视。在此背景下,文章以现有研究中主观动机测量模型为基础,梳理出评估学习动机的一级指标,在借鉴学习投入研究成果的基础上,结合在线学习过程中产生的行为数据,确定了评估学习动机的观测指标,并通过机器学习研究得到一种在线学习动机四级分类模型。最后,通过半结构化访谈,文章发现在线学习过程中,近期价值、自主感、工具性、社会关系等与学习动机的形成有较强的正向关系,而情感态度对学习动机的形成影响较弱。文章提出的在线学习动机评估方法可为在线学习平台的设计提供一定的理论参考。     

大学生的学习观及其与学习动机、自我效能感的关系

文章采用大学生学习观问卷、大学生学习动机量表（WMI）、一般自我效能感量表（GSES）及学习效能感量表,对254名被试大学生进行问卷调查,并对部分学生进行访谈。结果表明：大学生的学习观总体上是倾向于建构性的;文理科学生、本专科学生在学习观的各维度得分上不存在显著差异;大学生的学习观与其内生动机、一般自我效能感、学习效能感存在显著正相关,但与外生动机多为显著负相关;学业自我体验与学习过程观是大学生内生动机的有效预测变量．学业自我体验也是大学生一般自我效能感和学习效能崴的有效预测变号。     

The role of inquiry-based self-efficacy,achievement goal orientation,and learning strategies on secondary-school students’ inquiry skills

Background: In recent years, science curricula (chemistry, physics, biology, earth science, life science, etc.) in many countries have been prepared and applied according to the inquiry-based learning approach. Although the acquisition and application of the inquiry skills are one of the important objectives of the science curriculum, the inquiry skills of each student do not enhance at the same level. The inquiry level of the learning environment; the importance and value attached to the inquiry in that environment, students who have different goals when attending to the learning environments, and students who do not get involved in the learning process at the same level can be shown as the reasons of this.

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine both the direct and indirect relationships between the inquiry-based self-efficacy, the achievement goal orientation, the learning strategies, and the inquiry skills variables.

Sample: This research was conducted during the 2015-2016 school year among 498 seventh and eighth graders at public schools in Turkey’s Ayd?n province.

Design and methods: The Inquiry-based Self-Efficacy Scale, the Goal Orientation Scale, the Learning Approach Scale, and the Inquiry Skills Test were applied to the students. The analysis of data was carried out through the Multilevel Structural Equation Model (MSEM).

Results: The findings related to the first model did not provide evidence for either direct or indirect effects of the inquiry-based self-efficacy on inquiry skills, achievement goal orientation, and learning strategies. However, findings from the final models provided evidence for both direct and indirect effects of separately inquiry-based self-efficacy and the achievement goal orientation on the inquiry skills through the learning strategies.

Conclusions: This study demonstrates the potential that relations with self-efficacy, achievement goal orientation, and task value theory while improving inquiry skills.     

基于校本研究的高职学生学习动力调查

在网上用问卷的方式对高职学生的学习自我效能、学习动机和对学习条件的满意程度等三个方面进行调查,收回有效答卷414份。结果显示：部分学生的学习效能感和动力良好,有明确目标,有认真的态度,懂得善加利用现有资源;部分学生自我评价偏低,缺乏明确的学习动机。单纯追求学习后物质结果,不能被知识本身的内在意义所激励。建议高职院校注意培养学生积极的学习动机,改善学校教学辅助条件,增加专业实验以培养兴趣,加强实习和实践以形成专业成就感。     

基于学习者动机的成人自主学习能力研究——以Future Learn学习过程的因素分析为例

自主学习是大规模在线课程学习过程中的一种基本行为能力,学习动机是发起自主学习能力的重要条件。本研究以英国开放大学Inge de Waard在Future Learn平台上针对学习者学习全过程开展的实验研究为背景,将自主学习过程中学习者的学习动机与学习特点相融合进行分析,通过激励学习者的内在学习动机完成在线学习的整个过程,为课程负责人、平台开发者以及学习者了解并提高在线学习过程中的学习体验提供参照指标与建议。     

基于结构方程模型的学习策略影响因素探究——以初中生学习“统计与概率”为例

以广西3所市区初中学校七八九年级的560名学生为研究对象,考察初中生在统计学习过程中的学习动机、学习焦虑、自我效能感、自我概念对统计学习策略的影响,结果表明:(1)统计学习动机、统计自我概念和统计自我效能感对统计学习策略有显著正向影响;(2)统计学习动机、统计自我效能感对统计自我概念有显著正向影响;(3)统计学习焦虑对统计自我概念有显著负向影响.建议教师在统计与概率的教学过程中,务必采取措施让初中生维持较高的统计学习动机、减轻统计学习焦虑状态、提升统计学习效能感,以便于生成积极的统计自我概念,从而有效提升统计学习策略水平.