最高轨道数与分子构型

提出“最高轨道数法”,不仅能准确地推测分子型分子的构型,也能推测出自由基、分子型离子、以及配离子的构型,还能分析得出中心原子等性或不等性杂化类型。所得结果与实际相符。     

AB_n型分子(或离子)空间几何构型判断的一种方法

该方法简单,易懂,易掌握,对一般AB_n型分子或离子都适用,不考虑具体成键情况,只需计算出价层电子对数和孤电子对数,就能迅速判断分子或离子的空间几何构型。     

价层电子对互斥理论及其应用

在讨论共价型分子、离子及络合物的空间构型时,通常采用原子轨道杂化理论来解释,但一个分子采取哪类杂化轨道,有时难以确定。如果使用价层电于对互斥理论,即能简便、快速地预测出该物质分子的空间构型。价层电子对互斥理论简称 VSEPR 法,     

VSEPR模型与分子的立体结构判断

价层电子对互斥理论（简称VSEPR）可以判断一些共价型简单分子或离子的几何构型。该理论认为：AB_n型共价分子或离子的价层电子对（包括成键电子对和孤电子对）,由于相互排斥作用,而趋向尽可能彼此远离以减小斥力（体系能量最低）,分子尽可能采取对称的空间构型。根据此理论,只要知道分子或离子中的中心原子上的价层电子对数,就可以...     

模型认知下分子空间构型的判断

分子空间构型判断是《物质结构与性质》的重要内容,考查学生利用模型分析推测未知分子的空间构型,是培养并发展学生证据推理与模型认知的良好载体;学生在运用模型推测分子空间构型时,往往表现出对价层电子对的空间构型与真实的分子空间的关系理解不透彻,不会分析一些不常见的复杂微粒的空间构型.本文将从中心原子杂化方式的判断、价层电子对...     

求解化学难题的类推法·迭代法

一、类推法通过比较不同对象的类似之处,根据其中某个对象的特征来推测其它对象的特征,叫做类推法。在化学上按照这种方法,可以从常见物质来推测陌生物质的结构和性质,下面举例说明。［例一］１试分析下列两组分子或离子的几何构型和原子间的键合情况：（１）ＳＣＮ...     

一种用于判断AB_m型分子结构的程序

用价层电子对互斥理论(VSEPR)预测分子的结构是无机化学教学比较感兴趣的问题。根据VSEPR理论,用BASIC语言编写了能预测所有非过渡元素和具有d~0、d~5、d~(10)电子结构过渡元素AB_m型分子结构的程序,只需输入分子式或离子式,无需再输入其它任何信息。它不仅具有判断功能,而且能在屏幕和打印机上输出价电子对构型和分子构型的图形,为VEPR理论的教学提供了一种辅助方法。     

探究分子的立体构型及其中心原子的杂化类型

分子或离子的立体构型及其中心原子的杂化类型一直是高考和竞赛的要点和难点。本文就分子或离子的立体构型及其中心原子的杂化类型做了简单的推断和探究。     

烷基咪唑离子液体与甲苯相互作用的理论研究

在密度泛函理论中的B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)水平上研究了1-乙基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐([EMIM][BF4])离子液体与甲苯相互作用的微观机制.研究结果表明,[EMIM]+和[BF4]-离子对有两种稳定的构型,存在强的氢键及静电作用,[BF4]-离子靠近咪唑环2位H的构型比[BF4]-离子靠近咪唑环4、5位H处的构型稳定.甲苯与这两种构型的[EMIM][BF4]离子对形成π配位作用的分子复合物,咪唑环2位H对甲苯的吸附作用比咪唑环4、5位H对甲苯的吸附作用强,2位H表现出更高的活性.离子液体的存在能有效地降低甲苯的前线轨道能级差,表明甲苯在离子液体环境中更易发生催化反应.     

浅析利用原子轨道的杂化与成键规则推测分子的几何构型

将原子轨道的成键规则和杂化轨道理论相结合,找到了如何判断分子中原子轨道的杂化方式,从中推测分子的几何构型的方法     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

胡主席在印度,我却在中国

Today, Sunday morning, I sit thinking and typing at my computer. My thoughts are in my homeland, India and my body is in China. The body is here and mind there for a good reason. Mr. Hu is president and I am resident and both are in each other's countries (what a difference the absence of one small letter makes!). Mr. Hu will return in a few days and I will stay on longer.