不同载体档案的技术保护实践

导致档案损毁的基本因素主要有:档案材料的耐久性、库房温湿度、虫害、霉菌、有害气体、光线、灰尘、灾害、磁场以及人为损坏等。江苏省档案馆档案库房楼在建设中合理规划,在日常管理上制度严格,基本上杜绝了虫害、有害气体、光线、灰尘、磁场以及人为损坏档案等可能性。例如,在防止虫害方面,我馆制订了入库档案杀虫灭菌措施,大批量档案采用钴—60射线法,小批量档案运用真空充氮法,防止带菌档案入库传播。在防光辐射方面,库房内照明全部采用白炽灯。在防霉菌方面,主要依靠对库房温湿度进行控制,因为空气中漂浮的霉菌孢子只有在适宜的环境条…     

谈照片档案整理

按照新的照片档案管理国家标准(GB/T1182-2002),即2003年5月1日实施的《照片档案管理规范》要求,根据照片档案整理过程中的实际情况,本文谈谈照片档案整理的实际操作程序以及所要注意的问题,供照片整理工作者参考。一、照片档案分类与排列。一般情况下,照片档案分类应遵照新标准的照片分类方法“应在全宗内按保管期限—年度—问题进行分类。跨年度且不可分的照片,也可按保管期限—问题—年度进行分类。”(见新标准5.4.1)“保管期限”是新规范新增内容,按照片、底片的价值划定存留年限,分永久、长期、短期三种。划分标准按照《国家档案局关…     

务实传统的档案工作

文章论述了传统的纸质和声像档案的优势。认为在目前条件下,我国档案界对电子文件、电子档案的过热现象应适度降温。因为,在相当长的时间内传统的工作仍将占主导地位,与电子档案工作并存的时间将更长。目前不家盲目提倡实现双轨制,对绝大部分单位来说,要务实传统的档案工作,也可根据实际需要,归档少部分的电子文件;少数办自动化先进单位,主要是积累电子和管理的经验,但重要的电子文件仍应形成传统的纸质文件归档。     

谈家庭档案的编号

一个家庭从它建立的那天起,就有档案产生。随着日复一日、年复一年的家庭活动,形成了大量的、有意义、有查考价值的文字材料和声像等材料,如果这些材料东一捆西一摞的堆放,一则零散、纷乱无序,用起来不方便;二则容易丢失,用时找不到。只有按科学方法将其分类,加以整理保管,才能成为真正意义的家庭档案。由于家庭档案的形成载体不同,笔者认为可将其分为纸质档案、声像档案、电子档案和实物档案。纸质档案又可细分为:爱情婚姻、孩子成长、家庭成员工作、家庭理财、医疗保健、说明书、票据、证件、房产、保险、家族历史和其它方面等等。其中孩…     

简论三种出版档案的建立

出版产业的发展与其他产业相比,有其特殊性,几乎每种图书都是一个带有独创性的个性化产品。出版档案工作要跟上时代的步伐,也必须不断创新与发展,以适应新形势的需要。 对出版档案,大家都熟悉书稿档案。书稿档案确实是出版档案的主体,它与图书出版密不可分,但是,随着加入WTO,图书市场竞争的日益加剧,出版档案工作仅仅停留在书稿档案上,是远远不能适应新形势下出版工作需要的。出版档案工作要真正地为出版工作服务,与出版社的主要业务——编、印、发紧密结合,范围要扩大,作用要增强,这样才能提升出版档案工作的内涵,发挥档案的作用。     

照片档案数据库的建立和利用

沈阳市档案馆现藏有各类照片约20000余张。根据国家档案局的《照片档案管理规范》的要求，参照我们过去管理的经验和档案数字化管理的基本模式，我们对我馆的照片档案进行了重新整理。改变传统的照片档案整理、存储、检索模式，运用成熟的计算机技术，建立照片档案数据库，实现了馆藏照片档案数字化管理。     

British Writings on Romania: From Travel Accounts to Studies

This article surveys a sample of sources of the information about Romania available to British readers in nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals. It traces first contacts between the Romanian lands and Britain after the union of the principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia in 1859, then after their independence from the Ottoman Empire. The article highlights an increased Romanian interest in British periodicals, which reported and reviewed Romanian literature and scholarship. The article concludes that nineteenth century British newspapers and periodicals offer a great variety and wealth of new material previously unavailable or unknown to researchers. It also states that only a portion of a large quantity of this material has been indexed and is therefore available via the bibliographic sources mentioned in the article. The author argues for the need of a new and updated British-Romanian bibliography, which can draw on new online resources offering access to thousands of new newspapers and periodical records.     

Slavic Approval Plans: What Works and What Doesn't

ABSTRACT

The paper looks at library approval plans for material published in Slavic, East European, and Eurasian countries from the selector's point of view. Reasons why a selector would or would not want one are examined. Success with approval plans requires monitoring receipts, as well as good and ongoing communication among the selector, the acquistions department, and the vendor. A preliminary list of vendors offering approval plans for the countries of the region appears in the appendix.     

由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变——对武汉科技信息服务平台建设的思考

为进一步提升武汉科技信息共享服务平台使用效率,本文从平台资源建设、资源应用、供需对接方式和供需特点等方面分析了武汉科技信息资源服务现状;基于需求和利用的角度,结合平台管理实践和走访用户、问卷调查等研究方法,从信息资源需求主体和平台自身建设管理两个维度,找出制约科技资源供需对接的主要因素;以市场化和制度化为创新理念,从政策创新、机制创新、市场化服务、环境营造、人才培养等方面提出平台建设由“资源集聚”向“需求导向”转变的对策建议.     

Politicking for the Public Library

ABSTRACT

In today's current political environment raising support for millage renewals, bond campaigns or even millage continuations for public libraries is affected by national politics, and a tendency towards tax aversion on principle across the country. The lessons we can learn from the governing boards of small and rural public libraries are worth raising up to a greater national consciousness. Board governance, community consciousness, and facilities management are clear and logical tools that elected boards of public libraries can use to politick for support of libraries.     

Architectures of Knowledge and Literary Tradition: A History of the Almanac in Croatia

ABSTRACT

The history of the almanac in Croatia is reconstructed through primary research in bibliographic and archival sources. The almanac is a vehicle for knowledge communication in informal contexts, engaging both oral tradition and literary forms traceable to medieval literacy and ways of structuring knowledge. The history of the almanac in Croatia reflects the changing context of the book trade, literacy, and the evolution of language. Four main stages are identified: (1) the beginning of the annual almanac in the seventeenth century; astrological almanacs reflecting the sensibility of the Baroque period; (2) the Enlightenment's stimulation of almanac publishing in the spirit of contemporary secular reforms in agriculture and education; (3) nineteenth-and twentieth-century almanac trade, showing complex and overlapping networks for the production, distribution and appropriation of printed almanacs;(4) roughly the end of World War II, when the almanac slowly moved out of the role of a popular mass medium and into specialized niches represented by regional, diaspora, and religious almanacs.     

基于文献时间特征的学科主题演化分析方法研究 ——以图书情报学领域为例

在分析文献在不同研究阶段用词时间特征的倾向性基础上,提出一种基于主题模型的研究发展阶段识别方法。重点阐述该方法的构建过程,包括时间特征抽取、发展阶段界定、主题冷热变化分析等步骤。为验证该方法的有效性,针对词频统计法和主题模型方法在主题演化分析中的效果进行比较分析。结果表明,该方法能在识别主题热点和发展趋势的同时,有效地区分不同主题所反映的研究发展阶段。     

How Digital Content Resellers are Impacting Trade Book Publishing

Some key questions for publishers in today’s market are: Could Amazon’s recent merger and acquisitions strategy create a disruptive or paradigm shifting business model in the publishing industry? Do their recent actions post mergers and acquisitions illustrate a predicable pattern of behaviour that publishers can strategize around? This paper will explore these questions and look at some of the possible reasons behind Amazon’s business practices and the possible consequences to publishers.     

Germany's New Culture of Welcome—Our Libraries are an Essential Part of it

ABSTRACT

German authorities are expecting more than 1 million refugees by the end of 2015. These people come to Germany to seek protection and assistance and to build a new life, therefore it is important to welcome them and to assist them in their integration as soon as possible. This situation creates a versatile and perfectly fitting opportunity for cultural and educational programs, including libraries, which can play a vital role in this integration process. The key to integration is the knowledge of the German language, and the most important challenge now is to teach the necessary language skills to as many asylum-seekers as possible.     

Syndicating Rich Bibliographic Metadata Using MODS and RSS

Abstract

Many libraries use RSS to syndicate information about their collections to users. A survey of 65 academic libraries revealed their most common use for RSS is to disseminate information about library holdings, such as lists of new acquisitions. Even though typical RSS feeds are ill suited to the task of carrying rich bibliographic metadata, great potential exists for developing applications that can exploit metadata exposed to Web services via RSS. Using the MODS metadata format, entire catalog records can be seamlessly embedded in RSS 2.0 feeds. Existing tools, such as Library of Congress Java toolkits and XSLT stylesheets, can facilitate this process, while a new XSLT stylesheet may be used to create the RSS feeds complete with MODS records. As an example of the added functionality these MODS/RSS feeds can offer, records from a MODS-enriched RSS feed can be ingested into a non-RSS application such as Zotero. As more emerging library technologies use Web services architectures to handle data objects, the ability to syndicate catalog records will become more critical to providing innovative library Web services.     

Selling Women on PDAs from “Simply Palm” to “Audrey”: How Moore's Law Met Parkinson's Law in the Kitchen

This essay investigates key moments in the history of personal digital assistant (PDA) marketing to women. Analyzing promotional texts for three PDAs that received considerable press coverage from 1999 to 2001, this essay explores the cultural significance of the convergence of anxieties about women's place in the gendered division of labor with the computer industry's changing marketing imperatives. Drawing on an array of promotional texts, including news articles, press releases, promotional Web sites, and ads appearing in newspapers and magazines, this paper tells the story of how the computer industry aimed to sell smaller, faster computing devices to women while promising to mediate and thus reproduce women's overwork as paid and familial laborers. After experimenting with the PDA as a sexy fashionable gadget for working women, marketers approached women as mothers with “Audrey,” an Internet appliance designed for the kitchen.