卢梭的“消极教育”思想及其积极意蕴

<正>卢梭的"消极教育"思想是其自然教育理论的重要组成部分,也是卢梭教育思想的一大特色。"消极教育"体现了"无为则无不为"的理念和自我教育主张,这种教育思想对于我国当前的教育实践具有积极的借鉴意义。     

卢梭的教师教育思想及其启示

卢梭是法国18世纪著名的思想家、哲学家和教育家,其代表作《爱弥儿》一书中包含着丰富、精深的教师教育思想:遵循自然,循序渐进;自然后果法;消极教育;感观教育;从做中学,学思结合等思想。在今天看来,卢梭的这些教师教育思想对我们仍有重要的启示。     

卢梭的教师教育思想及其启示

卢梭是法国18世纪著名的思想家、哲学家和教育家,其代表作<爱弥儿>一书中包含着丰富、精深的教师教育思想:遵循自然,循序渐进;自然后果法;消极教育;感观教育;从做中学,学思结合等思想.在今天看来,卢梭的这些教师教育思想对我们仍有重要的启示.     

自然状态:卢梭教育思想中的一个关键概念

卢梭的自然主义教育思想对后世产生了深远影响。"自然状态"这一概念是卢梭丰富的教育思想的源头。只有透彻理解卢梭心中"自然状态"的内涵,才能更准确地领会自然主义教育思想中蕴涵的其他教育思想。基于此,从解读"自然状态"的概念出发,讨论了"自然状态"历史性;探寻"自然状态"与"消极教育"的逻辑关联,分析"消极教育"的实质;最后得出教育应归于自然、合于自然的结论。     

卢梭的“消极教育”思想及其内涵

卢梭基于人性本善的信念,提出了"消极教育"的思想。他的所谓消极教育就是不给儿童养成品德,防止儿童趋于邪恶;不教给儿童知识,防止他们产生对事物的误解。在全面提高教育质量,注重儿童可持续发展的今天,卢梭的这一教育思想或许对我们有借鉴意义。     

卢梭“消极教育”的真谛及其当下意义

作为卢梭自然主义教育思想的一部分，人们对“消极教育”思想褒贬不一。基于对童年期的生物适应价值、过早成人化的危害及当时社会现实的清醒认识，卢梭在德育方法、教育内容选择、学生学习动机、教师角色与教育作用等方面阐述了他的“消极教育”思想。在超前教育盛行的今天，卢梭“消极教育”思想对于我们重’新审视当前的教育问题不无启发。     

卢梭的消极教育观及其当代价值新探

消极教育观是卢梭自然教育思想中很重要、很独特的思想,它对当代教育改革具有重要价值。消极教育观是批判"积极教育"有力的思想武器;消极教育观提醒我们:教育是一种等待的艺术;消极教育观有助于我们重视感官教育,回归儿童的生活世界;消极教育观为我们实施"自然后果"的惩罚教育提供了思想指导。     

卢梭自然主义教育思想的渊源和背景

让·雅克·卢梭瑞士日内瓦出生,法国十八世纪启蒙运动时代著名的思想家、哲学家和教育家。主要著述有《论人类不平等的起源和基础》,《社会契约论》,《忏悔录》和《爱弥儿》等。卢梭的自然主义教育思想,无论从教育思想史的角度,还是从教育实践的影响来看,不仅仅给予他同时代的人们,而且更重要的是给后代的教育理论家和教育实际工作者造成了巨大的影响,虽然这种影响既有积极的作用,也有消极的后果,但正如卢梭的《爱弥儿》早已被研究者公认为教育史上的少数几本名著一样,卢梭的自然主义教育思想在西方世界,占据有显著的历史地位。就此而论,卢梭的价值是不朽的。为着进一步了解和研究卢梭的教育思想,本文试图从逻辑的结构上,在三个方面,展开对卢梭的自然主义教育思想的渊源和背景的探索。     

蒙台梭利与卢梭的消极教育观比较

消极教育一经法国启蒙思想家卢梭提出,给思想界带来了巨大的震撼,也为西方科学教育学的发展带来了全新的思路。蒙台梭利与卢梭消极教育思想的共同特征是推崇内发论,强调生命的自由生长,要求教育按照自然法则和儿童心理特征进行,强调儿童体验式学习,并认为早期儿童重要的是感觉教育。同时,两位教育家关于消极教育实施观点则不尽一致:在教育环境方面,卢梭强调消极教育的环境是自然环境,蒙台梭利主张要为儿童创设有准备的环境;在学习内容和形式上,卢梭消极教育的内容是自然学习,蒙台梭利认为儿童可以进行文化学习,但要采取"工作"方式进行;关于消极教育中教师角色方面,卢梭认为教师应是儿童自然成长的导师,蒙台梭利认为教师要承担好观察者的角色。卢梭和蒙台梭利的消极教育理论对于科学认识儿童、守护童心,推进科学教育学的进一步发展,实施科学的教育工作,特别是科学实施早期教育有着重要的意义。     

卢梭消极教育思想及启示

卢梭是西方最伟大的启蒙思想家和教育家之一,他在流芳百世的教育小说<爱弥儿>中开创性地提出并论证了消极教育的思想.在教育对儿童的影响和干预越来越重要的现代社会,这种思想的意义不同寻常,耐人寻味.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…     

库克斯顿城堡

城堡, 是欧洲典型的建筑之一, 每个城堡都有一个美丽的传说或是一段历史。从本期开始, 我们将推出“城堡之旅”, 带各位读者去浏览、观赏欧洲各地的城堡, 开始一段文化与历史的旅途!     

The Reader Response Approach to Teaching of English Literature

During interview with English majors, it was found that a majority of students expressed disappointment with their experience of English literature classes. Students' dislike of learning English literature appears to be the major problem of teaching English literature in China. Reader response approach is a good way to solve this problem. In this paper, I explain the rationale behind the reader response approach, such as its origin, definition, features, assumptions, and strategies. Then I illustrate how reader response approach works as a teaching strategy by presenting several teaching models. At last I evaluate its usefuiness for teachers and present the advantages of reader response approach in Chinese context.