教育研究三种范式的比较

教育研究范式包括教育思辨研究范式、教育定量研究范式与教育定性研究范式,尽管三种研究范式是先后出现的,但由于教育研究对象的丰富性及各种研究范式的局限性,并未导致一种研究范式完全取代另一研究范式的情况,而是呈现三种范式在教育研究领域并存、整合的局面。     

A comparison of three screening tests and the WISC-R in special education evaluations

Eighty public school children referred for psychological assessment for potential special education placement were given the Slosson Intelligence Test, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration, and Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children—Revised. Correlational and regression techniques were used to determine the effectiveness of the three former measures in predicting WISC-R IQ scores. SIT IQs were found to be the best predictors of WISC-R Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale IQs; however, these statistical relationships reveal little about the clinical utility of the screening measures. Problems with use of the current findings and those of other studies are discussed.     

Perceptions of control at school among students in special education programs

Data are reported on special and regular education students' perceptions of control at school and the importance to the students of having such control. For both special and regular education populations, comparisons were made between students enrolled in experimental and nonexperimental programs. Findings indicate comparability among the four groups with regard to areas in which control is valued. Perceptions of control at school for those in the standard special education group were lower than the ratings of regular education students and lower than those given by special education students in the experimental program.     

Preferences for parent education programs among low socioeconomic status,culturally diverse parents

This study examined parent preferences, behaviors, and beliefs toward school‐based parent education programs among 395 low income, culturally diverse parents. Parents of different socioeconomic levels reported similar preferences toward parent education events and perceptions of barriers to parent education programs. More differences were noted among parents regarding parenting beliefs and behaviors. Higher educational attainment was associated with more active involvement in parenting events and beliefs more consonant with the parenting programs likely to be offered at school (e.g., those with an Adlerian orientation). Few racial differences were noted after controlling for the differential effects of educational attainment. Implications for developing effective parenting programs are discussed. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Communications programs in higher education

Summary There has been a steady growth of communications programs in higher education. These programs are interdisciplinary approaches to the study of the mass media. Even though there continues to be active concern and questioning regarding the spread of these programs, they continue to be established and will continue to grow, if experience is any indication. There is little consistency in the administrative patterns of organization. The administrative labels cover the gamut from departments and loosely organized committees to schools and colleges. It is possible to find institutions which offer bachelor’s, master’s and doctorate degrees in communications, the degree being dependent upon the institution. There are many traditional academic areas represented in the various programs but the three most common areas are: journalism, radio-television and audiovisual-cinema. All programs seem to draw heavy support from courses in the social sciences. This discussion leaves many unanswered questions. What are the forces which caused programs to be established? What is being accomplished under the communications label that could not otherwise be accomplished? How do the objectives and curricula compare? These and other questions will be answered in subsequent articles.     

Special education supervisors' perceptions of secondary LD programs: a comparison with LD teachers' views

Perceptions of secondary LD program supervisors were identified and compared with views of secondary LD teachers regarding the presence of specific program features, field-related issues, and suggestions for program improvement. Responses indicated that the supervisors were more positive and, in many cases, held significantly different views than LD teachers.     

Two-way and monolingual English immersion in preschool education: An experimental comparison

An experimental study was conducted comparing the effects of dual language, or two-way immersion (TWI) and monolingual English immersion (EI) preschool education programs on children's learning. Three-and four-year old children were randomly assigned by lottery to either a newly established TWI Spanish/English program or a monolingual English program in the same district. Children in the study were from both Spanish and English home language backgrounds. All classrooms in the study used the High/Scope curriculum, and all met high standards for teacher qualifications, ratio, and class size. The TWI program alternated between English and Spanish weekly by rotating children between two classrooms (and teachers) each week. Programs were compared on measures of children's growth in language, emergent literacy, and mathematics. Children in both types of classrooms experienced substantial gains in language, literacy, and mathematics. No significant differences between treatment groups were found on English language measures. Among the native Spanish speakers, the TWI program produced large gains in Spanish vocabulary compared to the EI program. Both TWI and EI approaches boosted the learning and development of children including ELL students, as judged by standard score gains. TWI also improved the Spanish language development of English language learners (ELL) and native English speaking children without losses in English language learning.     

A model for portfolio assessment in early childhood education programs

It is necessary for teachers to consider alternative means of evaluating their students. One method proving to be effective for gathering and organizing student productivity, growth, and development is the portfolio approach. This article describes the Early Childhood Portfolio Assessment Preparation (ECPAP) Model that was used to facilitate the use of student portfolios in two different early childhood education programs. The goals of the model, the six steps followed and the participants' responses to this project are discussed. This article may serve early childhood directors and supervisors who are preparing teachers to implement student portfolios as a supplement or an alternative to the existing assessment and evaluation programs. Also early childhood teacher education students can benefit from the design and implementation of ECPAP.     

Classroom-based elementary school affective education programs: A critical review

Twenty-three studies on the effectiveness of classroom-based, elementary school affective education programs were selected by predetermined criteria from published and unpublished research dating from 1970. The resulting research evidence was evaluated by methodological rigor, program type, grade level, program length, and leader's profession. The lack of positive significant findings in the more carefully designed studies provides little support for the effectiveness of affective education programs in promoting positive changes on either behavioral or affective measures, especially for programs with an internal focus. Studies of social-cognitive problem-solving programs produced promising results, but require further evidence of effectiveness. The results provide important implications for future research and professional practice.     

价值取向统筹兼顾的高校实验教学改革模式探讨

实验教学是高等教育的重要组成部分,探讨建立以"知识、个人、社会"3种价值取向统筹兼顾的实验课程体系,符合当前高等实验教学改革的趋势.此改革模式体系包括3方面,一、更新教育观念,以"个人、知识、社会"3种价值取向统筹兼顾为改革原则进行实验课程体系设计;二、以"知识、个人、社会"3种价值目标为专业课程体系改革切入点,革新实验教学人才培养模式;三、坚持"知识、个人、社会"3种价值目标导向,将终结性评价与过程性评价相结合,改革教学评价体系.这种课程改革能够充分发挥学生的主体作用,促进学生全面发展,达到提升实验教学质量的目的.     

Gifted education programs Kent state university

The author presents many ideas for spicing up the foreign language classroom and challenging learners with advanced abilities.     

REDSIL: A forth generation evaluation model for gifted education programs

There is a current interest in evaluation of gifted programs. Unfortunately, program evaluation efforts to date have fallen short in terms of usefulness for making program improvements. The REDSIL model is based on different assumptions and uses qualitative methodology in an attempt to overcome shortcomings of previous efforts. This three phase model has been field tested and determined useful.