论法律手段在政府宏观调控中的运用

法律手段是我国政府对市场经济进行宏观调控的主要手段之一。在我国建立现代市场经济、迎接WTO挑战的今天，发挥法律手段在宏观调控中的作用具有必要性。宏观调控中的法律手段具有法律的一般特性，如强制性、规范性。同时，它还具有经济性的特点。因此，宏观调控中的法律手段具有导向、保障和激励的功能。但法律手段在宏观调控中的运用也存在着一定的局限性。主要体现在：法律手段的运用范围存在局限性；法律手段的运用需要相应的外部环境；法律手段的运用还有赖于法律体系的完善、有赖于法律意识和执法机制。为充分发挥法律手段在宏观调控中的作用，我们必须充分认识法律手段在宏观调控中的重要地位；建立科学民主的决策机制；注意将法律手段的运用同市场机制相结合；进一步完善社会主义宏观调控的法律体系；增强法律意识、完善执法机制，从而把宏观调控纳入法制化轨道。     

Educational accountability tests,social and legal inclusion approaches to discrimination for students with disability: a national case study from Australia

The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disability promotes equal and full participation by children in education. Equity of educational access for all students, including students with disability, free from discrimination, is the first-stated national goal of Australian education. Australian federal disability discrimination law, the Disability Discrimination Act 1992, follows the Convention, with the federal Disability Standards for Education 2005 enacting specific requirements for education. This article discusses equity of processes for inclusion of students with disability in Australian educational accountability testing, including international tests in which many countries participate. The conclusion drawn is that equitable inclusion of students with disability in current Australian educational accountability testing is not occurring from a social perspective and is not in principle compliant with law. However, given the reluctance of courts to intervene in education matters and the uncertainty of an outcome in any court consideration, the discussion shows that equitable inclusion in accountability systems is available through policy change rather than expensive, and possibly unsuccessful, legal challenges.     

美国加州选择性表现评价对我国障碍学生学业评价的启示——以CAPA中的英语评价标准为例

NCLB法案颁布之后,美国各州相继推出了针对障碍学生的选择性评价。其中,加利福尼亚州发展较为完善,走在各州前列。美国加州选择性表现评价的基本内容(以英语评价标准为例)、评价标准的构成及特点,对我国特殊教育学校课程评价改革具有借鉴意义。     

农村特殊儿童随班就读支持系统与评价探析(Ⅰ)

本文回顾了我国农村特殊儿童随班就读支持系统与评价研究的成果与不足,认为农村特殊儿童随班就读支持系统主要包括学校、家庭、社区、政府以及自我支持等五个子支持系统,各个子支持系统相互联系、相互影响;但不同的子支持系统以及各子支持系统中的各个因素对随班就读特殊儿童的影响大小还有待于实验研究证明。     

Policy reform: testing times for teacher education in Australia

In Australia as well as elsewhere, initial teacher education has become centre stage to a political agenda that calls for global competitiveness in the knowledge economy. The common problem cited has been declining educational standards linked with the quality of teaching and teacher education. The avalanche of review and policy reform has exposed teacher education to neoliberal demands as well as political and public scrutiny. A policy web of interconnected concerns related to selection, curriculum, professional practice, graduation as well as employment fuels current reforms.     

ADHD: The Untold Truths of the ADEP (Australian Deficit in Educational Policy)

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a disorder that predominantly results in behaviours associated with hyperactivity, impulsivity and inattention that are frequently not conducive to successful learning and academic performance. Children who display these behaviours often require extra assistance, adjustments, and accommodations in the classroom in order to achieve their full potential. This article reviews Australian and New South Wales Discrimination, Disability and Education legislation, policy and procedures with respect to the education of students with ADHD. This review illustrates the need to standardise the definition of disability used throughout Australia, and to more firmly clarify an education provider’s responsibilities toward students with disabilities. With more clarity, students with ADHD will be provided with the additional educational and behaviour support they need in order to realise their full potential.     

Achieving inclusion of students with disabilities in Turkey: current challenges and future prospects

Developing inclusion in schools has been an objective for many countries in recent decades, giving rise to a variety of definitions, policy -making activities and school practices. This paper focuses on the attempts made towards inclusion of students with disabilities in Turkey. We start by introducing inclusive education and its parameters, and continue with recent trends in education in Turkey. Next, we discuss current progress in including students with disabilities within mainstream schools, and continue with the legislative attempts made to improve this position. After that, we discuss recent developments and challenges in the education and inclusion of students with disabilities, and conclude by noting several recommendations for realising their inclusion in Turkey. While the purpose of this paper is to investigate the inclusion of students with disabilities in the Turkish context, there is much of relevance to other international contexts going through similar developmental processes in terms of inclusion.     

法科学生的实践能力与实习基地的建设

在市场经济改革和社会转型的大背景下，社会对法科学生的能力需求也逐渐发生变化，法学教育改革也随之启动。对于法科学生的实践能力的培养正是改革的核心内容之一。本文对提升法科学生实践能力必由之途的实践教学进行了分析，提出了基地建设的基本理念和具体措施。     

From Policy to Practice in Higher Education: The experiences of disabled students in Norway

Knowledge about disabled students in higher education is fragmented. It is therefore difficult to assess whether policy goals actually promote better conditions for disabled students. The aim of this article is to take a closer look at the experiences of disabled students in Norway and, in light of policy goals, to identify obstacles in the higher education system. This study is based on qualitative data from in-depth interviews with disabled students in higher education. The findings indicate that an educational reform in Norwegian higher education seems to have helped to strengthen disabled tertiary students’ potential for learning, but there are a number of critical periods during their studies when it is imperative for disabled students to get the adjustment needed.     

Breaking into the business: experiences of actors with disabilities in the entertainment industry

The pursuit of an acting career is a difficult one for anybody. However, studies have yet to factor how disability affects casting opportunities. This study describes the employment of actors with disabilities, along with the unique barriers they encounter in the audition and casting process. Actors with disabilities from the Screen Actors Guild (SAG) were recruited to participate in focus groups and complete a questionnaire. The results indicate having a disability amplifies difficulties in gaining employment, particularly for females. Participants aged 40 years and over were more likely to work in a lead or supporting role compared to those under 40. Participants identified several barriers to employment in the entertainment industry including industry attitudes about working with actors with disabilities; being restricted to disability specific roles; and fears about requesting an accommodation.     

论现行刑法同宽严相济刑事政策之间的和谐与不相和谐

实行宽严相济刑事政策,是构建社会主义和谐社会的应有之义和必然要求。宽严相济刑事政策时代意义主要是"以宽济严";其精神实质是区别对待;其目的和意义在于最大限度地预防、控制和打击犯罪,最大限度地实现刑罚的法律效果与社会效果的统一,最大限度地促进社会的和谐稳定。本文据此论述了现行刑法从整体和根本上与宽严相济的刑事政策是相和谐的,但由于现行刑法存在不少立法上的漏洞和缺陷,其与宽严相济刑事政策也存在诸多不相和谐之处。     

在全球化中的私法和竞争政策

私法和竞争政策之间的基本关系很简单:效力的市场以经济竞争为前提,在市场的独立交易者之间的商品自愿交换又有赖于合同实施的有效机制,因此,在奥尔多自由主义意义上的经济宪法,不仅是秩序法的一部分———其旨在反对政府方面(通过基本自由)和私人方面(通过反卡特尔法)限制以保护竞争,而且也包括交易法的一部分———其除了实体私法外,包括特别有效的争端解决和执法(私法保护).然而,由于由国家组织的私法系统的跨国合同的实施是不够的,“制造还是购买”的决定在国际贸易中不利于在市场上“长臂”交易.因此,国际交易垂直纳入企业结构的程度相对高于在国内私法的庇护下进行的国内交易.世界市场的过度集中导致竞争激励机制减少和官僚成本上升.因此,与“更经济的方法”的基本假设相反,垂直结合本身不是促进在全球经济中的消费者福利.然而,因为这种过度集中是对跨境合同的国家保护欠缺的一个合理的反应,它不能被没有抑制跨境交流的严格的世界反托拉斯法所反对.因此,建立跨境合同实施的法律确定性的国际私法政策,似乎是目前促进全球经济竞争中的首选工具.     

国家赔偿法课程考核方案设计及实施效果

远程开放教育课程考核是检验学习效果的重要方法之一,也是强化学生学习动机的重要手段。为了探索团队教学以及网上学习支持服务模式,根据国家赔偿法课程总体要求,对课程考核方案进行重新设计并付诸实施,力图达到＂以考促学,以学促效＂的良性循环效果,以期对远程开放教育课程考核改革具有借鉴意义。     

法治理念与我国法治实践

法治文明发端于古希腊，并首先得到古罗马人的实践和阐扬。自此，法治的理念和理想在越来越多的国家以不同的具体形态成为现实。并成为现代社会各个国家追求的共同目标，基于我国特殊的历史条件和现实条件，法治在我国具体实践的关键在于：其一、依法行政，即行政权不得超出法律的规定。其二、加强执政党建设。其三、完善市场经济规则，促进市场经济良性发展。     

基于随岗实践的开放教育毕业论文改革

开放教育毕业论文改革要求学生在随岗实践基础上提前进入毕业论文工作状态,确定毕业论文选题。毕业论文评价的重点是原创性、实效性、真实性。基于随岗实践的毕业论文改革有助于提高开放教育学生毕业论文写作的积极性、主动性,有助于破解开放教育毕业论文质量难题。     

澳大利亚学前教育质量评估研究的发展与启示

2012年1月,澳大利亚推出了新的"早期教养国家质量框架",该框架包括立法、质量标准、评估程序及评估机构四部分内容。以这一框架为核心,澳大利亚政府鼓励各学术机构参与学前教育质量评估研究,推动了"学前教育有效性研究"等大型评估项目的开展。这告诉我们,必须高度重视评价的作用,拓展评价主体,并不断提高评价质量。政府主导下的多元、科学的评价体系也将是我国学前教育质量评价研究发展的趋势。     

现代远程开放教育法学专业实践教学环节的研究与探讨

提高远程开放教育法学专业的质量和学生能力素质是远程开放教育的重点和难点,是实践教学环节的实施。通过实际运作,从一定程度上弥补了“重理论,轻实践”的缺陷。但是,不容忽视的是“重过程,轻效果”的现象还较为普遍,实际的运作力度尚欠佳。为此,笔者提出四个方面的研究对策,为最终培养出符合21世纪需求的成人法律人才献计献策。     

The Diffusion of Disability Rights Policy: A Focus on Special Education in South Korea

This article examines the development of South Korean special education policy and suggests that different strategies of policy diffusion influenced the design of the policy at different times. Historically, South Korea relied on external pressures and influences, particularly US law and UN guidelines, to develop much of its human rights law, including special education. This article suggests that development of democratic infrastructure in South Korea led to improvements in the legislative development process in relation to current special education law, and this led to legislation that better identifies and addresses the needs of children with disabilities.     

积极财政政策的四种挤出效应与我国的政策实践

通过对财政政策挤出效应的全面论述，归纳了四种财政挤出效应：利率机制的挤出效应、汇率机制的挤出效应、供给限制的挤出效应以及预期机制的挤出效应，并对前一阶段我国所实施的积极财政政策的挤出效应进行了分析，认为要提高财政政策效力，减少挤出效应，应该从供给方面入手，而不应该一味的扩张总需求，而这正是我国现阶段局部经济过热的成因。     

“艺术法基础”课程教学探索与实践

本课程力求打破传统的灌输式教学模式,以提高艺术类大学生的法律修养,运用法律武器维护自己的合法权益,能知法、懂法、守法。采用多层次、多方式的教学方法,因材施教,理论与实践结合。