中学英语(语言)测试的效度和信度(英文)

本文研究围绕四个问题:什么是效度?什么是信度?它们之间的关系怎样?中学英语写作考试如何实现效度与信度的统一?语言测试的基本要求是效度和信度,效度指测试内容能否真实反映考生在现实生活中的语言整体运用的能力,信度指测试结果是否可靠可信。效度与信度的基本关系既是互相依存,却又互相矛盾。通过对全国高考英语试卷中的写作部分的分析,本文说明了好的语言测试应当努力实现效度与信度的统一,在效度与信度之间积极妥协、保持平衡。     

学校岗位三级评价标准的考察

(一)从评价尺度的把握角度去考察——重信度与重效度结合。构建一个评价体系,确立评价标准,首先要考察其信度与效度。它是衡量评价指标体系。确立评价标准构成的质量十分重要的尺度,制定评价标准,越具有科学性,越具有客观性其信度与效度就会越高。考察信度与效度可采用三种方法：     

心理测验的效度与长度的关系探析

信度与效度是衡量心理测验质量的重要指标。增加测验长度是提高测验信度和效度的重要方法之一。由于各学者对效度的代表符号规定不一，导致对于说明测验长度与测验效度关系的公式及其计算结果难于理解和解释。根据经典测量理论对代表测验长度与测验效度关系的公式进行分析和讨论，提出测验效度与长度关系的表达公式。     

论高职英语多元化综合评价模式的效度与信度

多元化综合评价是一个复杂的过程,涉及诸多方面,关键在于如何保证评价的信度和效度。本文介绍了考试的信度与效度及其关系,分析了多元化综合评价模式存在的问题,并在此基础上提出了通过明确评价目的等方面提高多元化综合评价的信度和效度的有效措施。     

谈信度、效度与学业测试

信度与效度是学业测试的两个质量特征,如何处理两者之间的关系也是测试的根本问题。在介绍信度和效度的定义、关系的基础上,对学业测试中的信度与效度进行分析,并且阐述如何平衡两者之间的关系。最终证明学业测试是一种有效的测量手段,并且必将提高教学质量。     

大学英语校内测试信度、效度分析

信度和效度是评估、检测试卷质量的两个重要指标。本文通过对西华大学大学英语校内测试信度、效度分析,阐述了影响信度、效度的各种因素,最后根据分析数据和实践经验提出了如何提高测试信度和效度的几点建议。     

语言测试中的效度问题

本文以促进语言测试的发展为目的,从效度的种类、效度与信度的关系,以及效度与测试类型的关系三个方面对语言测试中的效度问题进行了系统的分析。     

论语言测试的信度和效度

语言测试研究是应用语言学的一个分支,信度和效度是语言测试领域中的两个重要概念.信度指的是考试结果的可靠性;效度指的是考试达到预定目的的程度.本文介绍了信度和效度的定义、测量方法、影响因素,并指出了语言测试中二者的相互关系是既相互依存,又相互排斥的关系.     

试论高职英语测试中信度与效度的平衡

本文从介绍语言测试中的信度和效度入手,介绍了语言测试中两者的关系。作者通过分析高职英语教学和测试的现状,指出了高职英语测试中存在的各种问题,并针对这些问题提出了平衡信度和效度的方法。     

浅析大学英语语言测试中的信度与效度——以多项选择题为例

语言测试是大学英语教学过程中必不可少的一环,是检测外语教学成效和提高英语教学质量的重要手段。本文首先说明了信度与效度的定义及关系,然后以分析广泛用于大学英语测试中的多项选择题为入口,发现大学英语在应试教育的指挥棒作用下有普遍追求高信度而忽视效度的倾向,提出当前大学英语语言测试的取向应是效度重于信度。     

区间数多维标度分析及其应用

多维标度法(multidimensional scaling,MDS)是一种利用客体间的相似性去揭示其空间关系的统计分析方法.为了将普通的多维标度分析扩展到数据为区间数的多维标度分析,首先对多维标度理论、区间分析理论及其应用进行了概括,其次给出了多维标度的相关概念及区间数的相关定义及性质,最后依据给出的三个区间距离和相似度将普通的多维标度分析扩展到区间数多维标度分析,并用区间多维标度法对2009-2010年河南省15个品种小麦产量进行分析,用SPSS软件分析得到Stress-K压力指数和RSQ值来说明拟合效果,通过空间感知图来揭示各品种产量的空间关系并对结果进行解释.     

大学生情绪调控及ERQ的信效度

目的:探讨西安地区大学生情绪调控策略及其Emotion Regu lation Questionnaire(ERQ)的信度和效度问题。方法:采用ERQ问卷,1141名大学生接受了(ERQ)的初测,1059名大学生进行了重测。结果:该问卷具有较高的信度和效度;男女大学生在认知重评策略方面存在显著性差异;不同年级大学生在认知重评策略方面存在显著性差异;不同院校大学生在认知重评和表达抑制方面都存在显著性差异。结论:ERQ量表具有较高的信度、效度,可以用于对大学生情绪及其调控策略的研究。     

博士学位论文评审指标体系可靠吗——基于全数据的信度和效度研究

论文评审是学位论文质量评价的重要环节。为了使评审结果能真实地反映博士学位论文的质量和水平,必须首先保证论文评审指标体系的准确性、可靠性和有效性。信度和效度分析是验证指标体系准确性、可靠性和有效性的重要方法。文章利用北京师范大学五年博士学位论文匿名评审全数据量化结果,对评审指标体系的信度和效度进行实证研究。结果表明,目前广泛采用的评审指标体系具有良好的信度和效度,能够真实地反映博士学位论文的质量和水平。     

Assessing conceptual knowledge using similarity judgments

This study evaluates the validity of a similarity judgments test (SJT) for assessing conceptual knowledge. 89 high school seniors judged the semantic similarity of a set of concepts. The resulting scores are calculated using a correlational approach as well as the MDS and Pathfinder approaches, respectively. The validity of the SJT is estimated by comparing (a) the scores with the test scores resulting from a multiple-choice test, (b) the scores resulting from pre- and post-instruction, and (c) the scores of students with high vs. low expertise. Our results support the validity of the SJT and show that both the correlational and the Pathfinder approach outclass the MDS approach. Recommendations to evaluate the SJT are provided.     

论如何提高TEM—4短文听写测试的信度与效度

短文听写,能有效的测试一个人的综合语言能力,但是目前的短文昕写并没有给出题目,增加了考生的紧张情绪,增加了考生的记忆负荷,无法让考生发挥出正常的水平,这样的测试势必会影响到测试的信度与效度。本文将论述信度与效度以及它们之间的关系,并用语境以及心理语言学的知识来论述已知书面题目如何提高TEM—4听写测试的信度与效度。     

测试员评分对普通话水平测试信度和效度的影响

能否保证普通话水平测试的信度和效度,直接关系到测试工作的成败。文章就测试员评分对普通话水平测试信度和效度的影响进行了探讨,并提出了保证普通话水平测试信度和效度的具体措施。     

Maximal Criterion Validity and Scale Criterion Validity: A Latent Variable Modeling Approach for Examining Their Difference

This article studies the difference between the criterion validity coefficient of the widely used overall scale score for a unidimensional multicomponent measuring instrument and the maximal criterion validity coefficient that is achievable with a linear combination of its components. A necessary and sufficient condition of their identity is presented in the case of measurement errors being uncorrelated among themselves and with a used criterion. An upper bound of the difference in these validity coefficients is provided, indicating that it cannot exceed the discrepancy between the maximal reliability and composite reliability indexes. A readily applicable latent variable modeling procedure is discussed that can be used for point and interval estimation of the difference between the maximal and scale criterion validity coefficients. The outlined method is illustrated with a numerical example.     

Assessing the Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale as applied to prospective teachers in an Israeli Teacher-Training College

Statistics literacy is a growing part of our lives. However, around 75% of social science undergraduate students experience moderate to high levels of statistics anxiety, characterized by troubling thoughts, stress and an aversion to statistical content or to learning situations using statistics. The aims of the study were to examine the psychometric properties of the Hebrew version of the Statistical Anxiety Rating Scale, and to unfold the underlying structure of the construct as perceived by 163 pre-service teachers in an Israeli college of education. Multidimensional scaling analysis (MDS) confirms the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) findings but highlights the importance of identifying the context of anxiety (statistics course vs. statistics as a distinct discipline) and the locus of anxiety (internal vs. external). The findings can help teacher educators better monitor their students’ statistics anxiety and assist them in implementing appropriate ways of reducing it.     

Employees’ perceptions of interpersonal competence: The case of South Korea

This study examined employees’ perceptions of interpersonal competence at work through the research methodology known as concept mapping. The purpose of this study was to identify the phenomenally derived components of interpersonal competence in work environments and employees’ underlying cognitive structures of interpersonal competence at work. Multidimensional scaling analysis indicated that the participants conceptualized interpersonal competence in the following two dimensions: (i) work-specific domain versus general domain and (ii) unilateral domain versus bilateral domain. In addition, hierarchical clustering on the MDS coordinates produced six clusters: Caring & Considerate, Sociable & Out-going, Kind & Gentle, Reliable & Leadership skills, and Confident & Responsible. Our results were discussed with respect to future research and educational approaches to the issues surrounding interpersonal competencies at work.     

Intersectionality of Ethnicity/Race and Gender in the Phenomenology of African American College Students’ Presenting Problems: a Profile Analysis Using Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling

Multidimensional scaling analyses (MDS) was used to uncover the phenomenology or implicit cognitions underlying presenting problems for which African American male and female students reported seeking college counseling services, in comparison to their European American counterparts. Normative, idiographic, and idiothetic approaches to the measurement of explicit versus implicit dimensions of students’ reports of eight psychological issues (seven disorders and medication use) for which they sought counseling in two timeframes (historical and current) were conducted by ethnicity/race and gender. It was hypothesized that idiographic and idiothetic approaches, which involved profile analyses using nonmetric MDS, would be more likely to reveal intersectionality between ethnicity/race and gender than the normative approach. Results supported the hypothesis of the greater sensitivity of the two individual difference models. Nonmetric MDS analyses revealed significant differences across profiles, with African American males underutilizing mental health services but displaying significant psychological distress; and African American females receiving significantly more pharmacotherapy for depression. Implications for college mental health services for African Americans are discussed.