奶牛乳房炎病因分析及防治

乳房炎是危害奶牛的一种最常见多发的且不易彻底治愈的顽固性疾病，它不仅影响奶的产量和质量，而且影响奶牛的发情率和妊娠率，甚至有些乳房炎的疾病还会影响人的健康，因此，对疾病的及早预防和及时治疗是非常必要的。本文对奶牛乳房炎的发病原因及其分类进行了阐述，供大家研究参考。     

浅谈乳房炎的危害及其综合性防治措施

在奶牛饲养中乳房炎是发病率高，造成经济损失很大的一种疾病。主要有多种非特定的病原微生物引起，而且病原菌繁殖很快。通过不同种的检测方法，及时发现乳房炎，治疗乳房炎。最终采取综合性防治措施，防止乳房炎的发生。     

奶牛乳房炎的诊断,治疗及预防

详细介绍了国内外均有应用，且效果良好，简便易行，比较经济，适合于奶牛场，奶牛饲养单位或俱应用的奶牛乳房炎的几种诊断方法和防治方法。     

逍遥散和膏药外敷治疗乳腺增生病160例

1 资料与方法。1．1 临床资料 160例观察对象均为外科门诊患者，符合乳腺增生病诊断标准。患者均有乳房一侧或双侧出现形态不一，大小不一，表面光滑或颗粒状，活动度好的肿块，伴有乳房胀痛或刺痛，质地中等或不坚，月经不调，心烦易怒，胸闷，舌苔薄黄，脉弦滑或弦涩，辨证属肝郁气滞、痰瘀凝结型。年龄18-59岁，病程2-10年，乳房单侧发病123例，双侧37例。     

妊娠期糖尿病孕妇饮食行为改变特征的质性研究

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病孕妇饮食行为改变的特征,旨在为妊娠期糖尿病孕妇饮食管理提供指导。方法:目的抽样法选取2019年8月至2019年9月在桂林市人民医院糖尿病护理专科门诊就诊的妊娠期糖尿病孕妇14名作为研究对象,进行深度访谈,采用扎根理论分析法进行编码,形成类属和核心类属。结果:妊娠期糖尿病孕妇饮食行为改变特征包括饮食信息资源获取、饮食调整的4种类型、享受饮食治疗的乐趣。结论:妊娠期糖尿病孕妇饮食特征明显,医护人员应了解其饮食行为改变的特征,为妊娠期糖尿病孕妇提供正确的饮食指导。     

产后乳房穴位按摩加配鲫鱼汤对产后缺乳的效果观察及护理

目的:探讨穴位按摩加配鲫鱼汤调理产后缺乳的效果观察与护理方法,促进乳汁分泌,增加泌乳量。方法:采用病例对照研究方法,将来我院就诊和咨询的产妇发生乳汁不足的76例分为治疗组,69例为观察组,观察组接受常规产后乳房护理,治疗组在观察组的基础上增加膻中、乳根、少泽、合谷等穴位进行按摩,并加配鲫鱼汤喝。按摩手法和乳房护理方法严格按照操作规程进行。结果:两组比较治疗组乳汁分泌量明显增加,两组比较具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:穴位按摩加配鲫鱼汤不仅能减轻乳房胀痛,还能促进乳汁分泌,泌乳量增加明显效果显著。     

针灸治疗乳房发育不良的血清学研究

目的:观察针灸疗法对乳房发育不良患者的血清雌二醇(E2)、孕酮(P)水平的影响。方法:将乳房扁平或偏小病例80例,随机分为针灸丰乳治疗组40例和电子吸啜健胸仪丰乳对照组40例,治疗前后分别测量每例的血清雌、孕激素水平。结果:治疗组中血清E2、P水平较对照组血清E2、P水平明显升高。结论:针灸治疗能明显升高乳房发育不良患者的血清E2、P水平,从而达到丰乳的效果。     

心脏肾素——血管紧张素系统及其在心室重建中的作用

心室重建是临床上常见的病理生理过程，发生于多种原因引起的心 脏 病中，心肌细胞肥大和胶原沉积是其主要的形态方面的改变，在这些改变中，有多种分泌系 统发挥着作用。其中，肾素——血管紧张素系统不仅通过作用于整个循环系统影响着心室重 建的进程，而且在心脏局部也有表达，并直接或间接作用于心肌细胞和成纤维细胞，促进心 室重建。本文针对该系统在心脏局部的重要作用，综述了它的一些特点以及在心室重建中的 改变和作用。     

男子也会出现‘妊娠反应’

嗜睡、健忘以及胃口大增、体重上升是每一个孕妇常见的妊娠反应。”殊不知 ,等待孩子出生的准父亲们也同样会发生一些生理变化 !最近 ,加拿大纽芬兰的科学家们对 3 4对正在接受产前辅助训练的准父母们进行了血液测试。测试结果表明 ,在孕妇身体中出现的诸如内分泌系统、生殖系统以及乳房方面的变化对准父亲们居然也产生了影响 !这些即将成为父亲的男人们在妻子怀孕期间 ,其体内的皮质激素、催乳激素以及雄性激素含量均较以往有所提高。当孩子出生之后 ,父亲们血液中的上述激素含量也会与母亲们一样明显减少。而随着男子雄性激素含量的逐渐减…     

在老鼠身上培植人体乳房

最近，美国科学家在实验室老鼠身上培养出了一块块人体乳房组织？这种增生物将有助于研究找出癌症生长机理，然而，和人的乳房不同的是，这些增生物是平摊在老鼠的胸部上，研究人员说，除了人类以外，几乎没有其他物种的乳房像人类那样悬垂。     

Lay experts and the politics of breast implants

This paper discusses the controversy around breast implants in the United States and Europe. It focuses on the emergence of consumer and support groups for women and offers an analysis of the role they have played in recent policy developments in UK and Europe. The politics of breast implants is seen as a politics of knowledge in which scientific expertise has consistently been deployed in ways that minimize the credibility and legitimacy of women's accounts of their bodies and illness experiences. These women have been doubly disadvantaged in a policy debate that turns on scientific controversy and uncertainty. This implies a gendered dynamic to the changing relations of knowledge and expertise. The paper contributes to an understanding of the relations between regulators, manufacturers, users, and clinicians in the global medical device industry and to wider debates around the public understanding of science.     

Serum oestradiol in women with carcinomas of the breast and uterine cervix

Endogenous oestrogens are thought to be involved in breast cancer, but few studies could show the direct relationship between hormones and pathological process of the disease. In the present study, oestradiol was estimated in the serum of pre-and postmenopausal breast cancer patients along with normal healthy controls and patients with carcinoma of the uterine cervix which is not dependent on oestrogens. Premenopausal patients with breast cancer showed higher levels of oestradiol as compared to premenopausal control women as well as cervical cancer patients. Whereas, no statistically significant differences were observed in serum oestradiol levels amongst postmenopausal groups of breast cancer, cervical cancer and normal women. The result of the study reflects the association of oestradiol as well as its difference in the pathological events of pre and postmenopausal breast cancer.     

Watching the race to find the breast cancer genes

This article focuses on a crucial development in genetic research that occurred in the 1990s: the identification of the first two of the genes responsible for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (BRCA1 and BRCA2). Issues addressed touch on the evolution of the subfield, its potential impact on cancer treatment, and industry involvement. The article follows the activities of the various research groups competing in the race to identify the genes and depicts the frequent conflicts between them. Data are derived chiefly from a bibliometric database. The results show a diversity of research practices. Industrial researchers interacted within far more tightly knit networks than their counterparts working in public organizations. The patenting and commercial exploitation of results led to fierce battles, with one group capturing most of the benefits.     

Glycoprotein components in the serum of patients with cancer breast

The levels of total sialic acid, lipid bound sialic acid and fucose were estimated in the sera of patients with benign and malignant tumours of breast. An increase was noted in all the three parameters, with a more marked increase in malignancy, when compared with benign and controls. Consequent to surgery, there was an elevation in the serum levels of the above parameters than the values prior to surgery and a decline was noted two months after surgery although none of the values reached the normal range. These results suggest a close association of the glycoproteins with the tumour burden and further signify their role in early detection and staging of cancer breast.     

Architectures of genetic medicine: comparing genetic testing for breast cancer in the USA and the UK

This paper compares the development of genetic testing for breast cancer (BRCA testing) in the USA and the UK. It argues that national political cultures played an important role in how these genetic testing technologies were shaped, and that the shapes of these technologies had important implications for the users of these systems. In order to demonstrate the roles of national social and political elements in the development of new genetic testing technologies, I introduce the concept of a technology's architecture, which is made up of components and the specific ways in which these components are assembled to fulfill particular functions. In the USA, four very different BRCA testing systems initially emerged. However, one biotechnology company, Myriad Genetics, eventually used its legal and economic position to become the sole provider of testing. It offered BRCA testing the way many other laboratory tests were provided in the USA, available to anyone through any physician. The shape of this testing service had important implications for its participants, defining the client as a consumer who could demand access to any of Myriad's laboratory services, but could not choose among testing systems. In the UK, the government-run National Health Service provided testing through regional genetics clinics, using family history information to assess risk and triage care. Clients in the UK were defined as citizens and patients, who had the right to equal access to the testing system but could not demand any specific services.     

胃肠手术后吻合口瘘的影响因素和护理对策分析

目的:分析胃肠道手术后吻合口瘘的危险因素,并提出相应的护理措施。方法:通过收集2013年1月至2015年12月在上林县人民医院经胃肠道手术的254例患者资料,发生吻合口瘘10例,分析消化道瘘的危险因素。结果:胃肠道手术后吻合口瘘的影响因素主要有感染(先感染后瘘)、合并糖尿病、联合脏器切除、术前低蛋白、术前贫血、年龄、术中出血、手术时间。结论:临床上应采取加强围手术期管理、早期肠内营养支持、监控患者血糖情况、维持体液平衡、督促患者早期下床活动、预防并发症的发生等措施加以预防。     

Studies of biochemical parameters in breast cancer with and without metastasis

The study includes 102 confirmed cases of carcinoma breast with and without metastasis and 25 healthy non-pregnant females. They were evaluated for blood levels of Ferritin, GSH, LDH, ALP, GGT and Hb before and 21 days after mastectomy. A significant increase (p<0.001) was observed in ferritin, LDH and GSH levels in cancer patients without metastasis in comparison to normal control subjects. Patients with metastasis had further elevated (p<0.001) levels of Ferritin, ALP and GGT as compared to non-metastatic patients. Mastectomy in both the cases i.e. with and without metastasis resulted in non-significant decrease in all the biochemical parameters suggesting that longer follow up could confirm post surgery decrease in the biochemical parameters. The results of the study suggest cost effective, usefulness of Ferritin, ALP, GGT and GSH/Hb ratio in differentiating breast cancer patients with and without metastasis which can be assayed in smaller laboratories.