社会性媒介内容传播过程基本特征分析

本文试图简要总结并分析社会性媒介内容传播过程(生产与使用)的基本特征。社会性媒介内容生产与使用过程整合为内容产用过程,内容生产者与使用者都成为内容参与者,即内容产用者。其内容传播管理过程体现为由集体看门人参与的集体看门过程。社会性媒介内容传播过程的四项基本特征分别是:内容参与的开放式、协作参与式;参与者自发、平等地参与,但角色不同;互动式的内容评估过程导致内容的持续未完成状态;内容公有,恰当体现个人价值。     

Evaluation of strategic plans in academic medical libraries

A multicase approach was used to explore evaluation methods being used in academic medical libraries that are engaged in strategic planning, including where in the planning and implementation process evaluation is being incorporated and how the evaluation data are collected, analyzed, and incorporated into future strategic planning processes. Data collection included document review (strategic plans, memos, Web sites) and interviews (semistructured individual interviews and focus groups). The strategic planning process used at each institution varied yet could be mapped to Bryson's process for strategic planning. Strategic planning was found to serve as a management tool, providing libraries in the study with direction and focus; however, there remains a strong need for leaders to communicate the importance of incorporating evaluation into the planning process.     

Linked-learning for knowledge acquisition: a pilot's associate case study

We developed a knowledge acquisition system that uses an Explanation-Based Learning domain theory as a knowledge repository from which general knowledge structures can be compiled and then translated by smart translators into the various specialized representations required for the separate expert system modules of a distributed pilot aiding system. We call this two-stage learning-plus-translation process linked learning. This architecture addresses learning for multiple modules with different knowledge representations and performance goals, but which must all perform together in an integrated fashion. It also addresses learning for an intelligent agent which must perform in a real-world, dynamically-changing environment with multiple sources of uncertainty. Finally, it serves as a case study offering insights into the integration of machine learning into the system engineering process for a large knowledge-based system development effort.     

Technical Services Within a Team-Based Information Services Environment

Summary

In 1994, the Oregon State University merged the libraries into a new Information Services unit. The process of reorganizing the new IS unit into teams is described, with an evaluation of how the reorganization has affected Technical Services.     

Bibliographic Instruction:

The intent of this paper is to reinforce and demonstrate the necessity for: (1) integrating instruction into the research process; (2) achieving a balance between faculty, students, and the library to meet that goal. This goal can only be met by addressing a number of issues that have traditionally been associated with the instrinsic value of BI integration into a curriculum, the institution's support for this move, and the attitudes of faculty and librarians toward BI, and the strengths which each can bring to the research process to benefit students.     

数字化时代传媒产业的经济特征

在数字化进程中,0和1几乎颠覆了传媒业的原有经济体系,传媒产业的经济特征将呈现出四大变化趋势:资源禀赋从渠道稀缺向内容稀缺转化;盈利模式从单一收入渠道向多元收入渠道转变;产业格局从产业分立向产业融合演变;市场结构从高度垄断的市场向竞争性垄断市场演化。     

国内科学数据相关研究进展分析

对我国科学数据相关研究文献统计以及科学数据建设历程进行分析,将我国科学数据研究进程划分为资源累积、数据库建设、数据共享和知识环境建设4个阶段,对各阶段的科研需求、技术背景、政策环境和涉及层面给予客观描述,分析科学数据相关研究进展的重要影响力和推动力,提出我国现阶段存在问题与不足以及未来重点关注方向。     

Collaborate to Innovate: Expanding Access to Faculty Patents through the Institutional Repository and the Library Catalog

This work explores the use of Clemson University's institutional repository and library catalog in promoting and providing access to the patents granted to its inventors. More specifically, the authors outline the project from generating metadata for patents and crosswalking it into a form that can be batch-uploaded to a bepress Digital Commons repository. They then explore the process of harvesting the records from the repository and using MarcEdit to crosswalk it into the library catalog. The process could easily be adapted to other nontraditional forms of scholarship.     

基于形式概念分析的领域本体构建方法优化研究

针对基于形式概念分析(FCA)的领域本体构建方法的优化问题进行论述,解决优化的四个难点,应用并行开发的工程思想,采用“分而治之、映射集成”的具体手段,提出一种新的基于FCA的领域本体构建方法并建立“增量模型”。该方法将整个领域本体构建过程分解成核心本体和若干个并行开发的增量本体的构建过程,而后将核心本体和增量本体通过本体映射和本体集成的手段进行按需组合,最终得到用户所需领域本体。     

It Looks a Bit Like This: Prototyping in an Academic Library

Abstract

Prototyping is an incremental process that facilitates those looking to make changes in products, services, or resources. Originating in industrial fabrication process, prototyping can be adapted by librarians to examine changes made to library services, amenities, and resources. They offer a cost-effective way of trying something new and needed, to ensure that patron needs are met. This article modifies prototyping into a five-step process and reviews five examples where the Lee Library used prototyping to inform library decisions to inform the development of library services, amenities, processes, and resources to better serve its patrons.     

融合情境关系的社会化媒体用户兴趣推荐

[目的/意义]用户兴趣推荐是信息服务中的重要内容,针对目前融合情境信息推荐的研究更多是直接将情境作为单因素而缺乏考虑情境关联的思想,本文以情境关系为切入点实现社会化媒体用户的兴趣推荐。[方法/过程]以具有相似情境用户可能具有相似兴趣为假设,来改进用户原始兴趣网络从而实现推荐。通过社会网络和资源相似性计算构建原始兴趣网络中显性网络和隐性网络;借鉴共现原理和情境本身相似性构建情境网络;通过兴趣传递关系计算直接兴趣度与间接兴趣度;最后借鉴协同过滤的思想实现推荐。[结果/结论]与以往的只考虑单一情境因素的推荐方法相比,基于本方法的实验表明,将情境关系融入到推荐过程中不仅可以扩展用户的社会关系,而且可以得到更好的推荐效果。     

基于弱信号分析的企业风险识别

在不确定的市场环境下,企业引入弱信号分析的理念,强化风险识别的客观性与准确性,是提高竞争力的先决条件。本文首先介绍了基于弱信号分析的企业风险识别的优势,再详细分析该风险识别过程实施步骤,主要分为弱信号积累、弱信号整合与风险识别三个环节。最后尝试以企业wiki为平台,从理论角度阐述了企业在实践中如何实现弱信号分析与风险识别。     

基于浏览器日志分析的探索式搜索行为研究

为探讨网络用户探索式搜索行为的特点,设定一个提问-应答式搜索任务和两个复杂程度不同的探索式搜索任务,并根据受试者的检索能力分组,在实验环境下,记录受试者的浏览日志。日志分析结果表明,任务类型与搜索能力均对探索式搜索行为产生不同程度的影响。与提问-应答式搜索相比,探索式搜索需要的信息量大,受试者受自身知识背景影响程度高,且任务难度越大,探索结果越多、越分散;检索能力的强弱对受试者探索式搜索行为的影响较小。     

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结合信息社会图书馆形态的研究,对图书馆的历史分期及其形态特征作了论述。     

The Changing Face of Distance Learning

Abstract

Change in distance learning is occurring at a rapid pace. As new technologies appear, institutions of higher education incorporate them into course delivery options. Library services must also change to meet new user needs. This article examines the process used to change a distance learning service model. After describing the strategies used by the author, a literature review analyzes the works that are especially relevant. Finally, a checklist for initiating change is provided to help others work through a similar process.     

Innovation in academic libraries: An analysis of university librarians' perspectives

Through a series of structured interviews, university librarians at six institutions provided their perspectives on innovation in academic libraries. The literature on leadership styles and organizational change provides insight into the roles of these leaders in the innovation process. Leadership was cited by many researchers as being a critical factor for organizations to innovate. University librarians revealed a commitment to innovation, some distinctively nontraditional innovations, and a concern for how to encourage risk-taking behavior. Further insight into the innovation process was sought by interpreting the interview data within a larger theoretical context. Although leadership and management can foster innovation in a library, researchers have reported other factors that can influence the ability to innovate, including organizational aspects – size and complexity – and environmental factors. Beyond the organizational aspects, the individual and the norms of the profession appear to create a framework with certain boundaries, some of which may impact the ability to innovate.     

Providing Leadership for Change in Distance Learning

Abstract

Change in distance learning is occurring at a rapid pace. As new technologies appear, institutions of higher education incorporate them into their course delivery options. Library services must also change to meet new user needs. This article examines the meanings of change and leadership within a distance-learning setting. After describing several strategies used by the author to lead change, the process is outlined in a checklist, with notes to especially relevant current literature. The checklist is intended to help others work through a similar process.     

基于旋律的音乐检索研究——旋律特征的匹配检索

探讨了音乐旋律特征的匹配检索,通过将检索过程分解为三个步骤:字符串匹配检索、相似度计算和相关度计算来对旋律轮廓中的不同特征进行相应的计算处理,得到最终的检索结果并总结了音乐旋律特征的匹配检索模型。     

基于质性分析的知识工作识别与分解研究

在已有研究的基础上指出非结构性为知识工作的本质属性,并以典型的知识工作岗位为样本,采用质性分析方法,寻求知识工作的识别依据,并将知识工作分解为可以/应该结构化的内容以及难以/不应该结构化的内容;发现影响知识工作结构化的主要因素,寻求知识工作结构化的过程、方法和工具。     

Beyond Title Lists

Abstract

Librarians and patrons can access many thousands of electronic journals today. Librarians who incorporate records for these journals into their OPACs will maximize the journals' access and use, but accurately tracking them can be difficult. This paper describes a commercial solution to the problem. Serials Solutions combines aggregator title lists with CONSER MARC records to improve access to these titles. This paper reviews the benefits and challenges associated with this process, and identifies several areas in which aggregators and OPAC vendors can improve the services they provide, to facilitate this process.