Architecture and C++-programming environment of a highly parallel image signal processor

A highly parallel single-chip image signal processor architecture has been derived by analysis of image processing algorithms. Available levels of parallelism and their associated demands on data access, control and complexity of operations were taken into account. The RISC-architecture, called “HiPAR-DSP”, consists of a control unit, 16 parallel ASIMD-controlled datapaths with autonomous addressing and instruction selection capability, a local data cache per data path, a shared memory with matrix type data access and a powerful DMA-unit. The proposed architecture was designed by assessing the results of an analysis of characteristic algorithm properties with respect to their inherent parallelization resources, achievable speed up and implementation costs. This resulted in a proper balance between the degree of parallelism and flexibility, leading to a high performance for a wide field of applications. Additional measures were taken to support an efficient high level programmability of the processor. This was achieved by the concurrent implementation of special architectural features and a C++-programming environment. It consists of an adaptation of the GNU C++-compiler and an optimizing assembler, supporting all levels of concurrence offered by the hardware. While most levels of parallelization are kept invisible to the programmer, data-level parallelism is expressed by the programmer using special new data types added to the standard C/C++-data-types. A sustained performance of about 2.0 Gigaoperations per second is achieved by the 100 MHz clocked processor for numerous image processing algorithms, leading to a processing time e.g. for a normalized correlation of a 512 × 512 image with a 32 × 32 correlation mask of 450 ms. Thus, a performance is achieved with a programmable parallel processor architecture that hitherto required the application of a dedicated integrated circuit.     

图像定量表达方式及相关单位设定

编辑加工图像处理方面稿件时,图像大小、图像尺寸、分辨率等表达方式往往容易产生歧义,且相关单位纷繁复杂、形式多样,给编辑规范化处理增加了难度。这里列举了编辑加工中可能遇到的几种表达方式及单位,具体有像素(pixel)、英文缩写px、分辨率ppi和dpi、长度单位英寸(inch),还有数字后面不带单位的情况。文章分别从性质设定、形式设定、表达设定、规范设定4个角度进行了讨论,以期规范图像定量表达方式及相关单位设定。     

Performance evaluation of a distributed system architecture

The paper reports the performance evaluation of the distributed system architecture defined in [Ciccarella94]. Measurements made on a prototype give parameters related to process communication, such as network throughput and time delay/throughput trade-off, necessary for the design of time constrained applications. The system is based on nodes (3-cube modules connected by a Local Area Network) and on an InterProcess Communication (IPC) module composed by a three layer protocol architecture. The IPC provides reliable message passing and Remote Procedure Call primitives that have an exactly-once semantic. A two-phase commit protocol was also implemented.     

Towards a definition of benchmarks for parallel computers dedicated to image processing/understanding

This paper presents an effort to define a method for evaluation of parallel architectures dedicated to vision. A definition of the benchmark concept, and a characterisation of a standard set of general-purpose vision algorithms which could constitue a benchmark are proposed. These algorithms are independent of machine architecture, environments, programming models and parallelisation techniques supported. A detailed example illustrating the proposed approach is given.     

On the routing of signals in parallel processor meshes

Wormhole message routing is supported by the communication hardware of several distributed memory machines. This particular method of message routing has numerous advantages but creates the problem of a routing deadlock. When long messages compete for the same channels in the network, some messages will be blocked until the first message is fully consumed by the processor at the destination of the message. A deadlock occurs if a set of messages mutually blocks, and no message can progress towards its destination. Most deadlock free routing schemes previously known are designed to work on regular binary hypercubes, a very special case of multicomputer interconnection networks. However, these routing schemes do not provide enough flexibility to deal with the irregular 2-D-tori and attached auxiliary cells found on many newer parallel systems.To handle irregular topologies elegantly, a simple proof is necessary to verify the router code. The new proof given in this report is carried out directly on the network graph. It is constructive in the sense that it reveals the design options to deal with irregularities and shows how additional flexibility can be used to achieve better load balancing.Based on the modified routing model, a set of deadlock free router functions relevant to the iWarp system configurations are described and proven to be correct.     

做好科研工作把握正确导向--龙新民署长、石峰副署长莅临中国出版科学研究所指导工作

1月25日,新闻出版总署署长龙新民、副署长石峰等一行六人,莅临中国出版科学研究所指导工作,并向全所职工送来新春的祝福。     

Multiresolution image decomposition with wavelet transform

The discrete wavelet theory is found to be closely related to the framework of multiresolution analysis and subband decomposition, which have been successfully used in image coding during the last years. The multiresolution representation and the subband approach are recently integrated into the framework of the wavelet theory. Wavelet transform decomposes a video frame into a set of subframes with different reso-lutions corresponding to different frequency bands. A simulation software was developed for the investigation of the several types of orthogonal and biorthogonal wavelet transforms (Daubechies, Mallat, spline, etc.) using IBM compatible PCs and also workstations.     

Three dimensional image synthesis in transputers

In many applications the need to speed up three dimensional image synthesis algorithms is clear. Parallelism could be a possible way of computation time reduction that has this type of task. Our approach looks at low cost parallel systems as an alternative to hardware specific implementations (inflexible techniques and frequently unavailable). We have done research about parallelisation in Transputers of the classical techniques of three dimensional polygonal image synthesis. We have researched two principal strategies of parallel image synthesis for our architecture: image division and primitive division. We found out that image division technique, in general, is more efficient.     

磁盘阵列存储系统在数字图书馆中的应用

在介绍数字图书馆定义的基础上，引入磁盘阵列存储系统。综述了磁盘阵列存储系统的功能，分析了磁盘阵列在我国数字图书馆建设中的应用，最后着重介绍了应用磁盘阵列时应注意的几个问题。     

Throughout evaluation in digital switching systems with distributed microprocessor control

The digital SPC switching systems with distributed μ-processor control discussed in this paper are large μ-processor systems providing a variety of telephone and data switching services. Throughput evaluation of such systems usually implies a significant innovation effort as concerns study tools and methods, i.e., simulation and calculation techniques, laboratory and field testing. This paper gives a concise review of these techniques and provides a bibliography.     

机读目录中不同文种图书的种次号处理

论文分析了使用种次号时,在不同文种的图书之间存在的索书号重号现象及其对计算机编目的影响,并提出了相应的解决办法.     

Technical processing of electronic journals in libraries

Electronic journals portend tremendous advantages to libraries. Patron access is swift and sure; these journals are never missing from the shelves, and they need not be delayed for technical processing because they can be ‘sent’ to public display and serials maintenance almost simultaneously. However, how will library users know what journals are available to them? They should be able to find electronic journals through the same means they find information in all other formats—through libraries’ online catalogs. The phrase ‘mark it and park it’ has not lost its relevance in the virtual library environment.     

Assessing Performance in Libraries

This article examines the potential of the use of cost benefit analysis in evaluating the performance of public libraries. The author describes an application in an Australian setting.     

Automatic evaluation of digital libraries with 5SQual

Digital libraries (DLs) are complex information systems which can present changes in their structure, content, and services. These complexities and dynamics make system maintenance a non-trivial task, since it requires periodical evaluation of the different DL components. Generally, these evaluations are customized per system and are performed only when problems occur and administrator intervention is required. This work aims to change the situation. We present 5SQual, a tool which provides ways to perform automatic and configurable evaluations of some of the most important DL components, among them, digital objects, metadata, and services. The tool implements diverse numeric indicators that are associated with eight quality dimensions described in the 5S quality model. Its generic architecture was developed to be applicable to various DLs and scenarios. In sum, the main contributions of this work include: (i) the design and implementation of 5SQual, a tool that validates a theoretical DL quality model; (ii) the demonstration of the applicability of the tool in several usage scenarios; and (iii) the evaluation (with usability specialists) of its graphical interface specially designed to guide the configuration of 5SQual evaluations. We also present the results of interviews conducted with administrators of real DLs regarding their expectations and opinions about 5SQual.     

医学期刊图片的问题及其解决办法

分析医学期刊中图片存在的2种典型错误,认为其主要原因是编辑人员责任心不强。指出审读或编校论文中的图片时应从多个方面予以综合考虑。     

学术期刊元数据处理例证分析

随着学术期刊数字出版的发展,元数据处理与应用日益受到重视。梳理近10年期刊元数据研究进展,认为其可分为综述研究、建模研究、采集与应用研究、转换与标准化研究4类,目前与学术期刊紧密结合的元数据研究,个性化、定制化提取方式探索,低门槛且结合日常工作的应用仍有待加强。筛选编辑常见元数据疑难问题,结合实例给出简捷高效的处理方法,旨在解决元数据应用的实际问题。     

科技期刊信息处理类流程图的编辑加工

参照现行的GB/T 1526-1989和关于用流程图表示算法的方法的相关文献,发现不同类型流程图,可使用的流程图符号范围和约定存在差异.在科技期刊文稿编辑加工过程中,针对流程图的规范问题,首先根据稿件内容,将该流程图按算法流程图、数据流程图、程序流程图、系统流程图做细分,再采用不同图的方法对流程图做编辑加工,可提高流程图的编辑加工质量.文中以某程序流程图的编辑加工为例,分析该程序流程图的编辑加工方法.