构建区域教育管理与服务的信息化支持体系

在信息时代背景下,如何利用信息技术为教育改革提供必要的支持和保障是当前教育变革中的一个重要议题。该文从对信息技术在管理与服务中的作用和价值出发,结合对当前区域教育管理信息化现状的分析,论证了构建区域教育管理与服务信息化支持体系的必要性,并从转变管理方式和拓宽服务渠道两个角度出发构建了区域教育管理与服务信息化支持体系的基本框架。     

Activity theory: A framework for design and reporting on research projects based on ICT

We propose using activity theory as a basis for designing and reporting on research projects that focus on information and communication technology (ICT) as a means to support educational processes. Adopting the theory, we describe teaching/learning activities mediated by ICT using a three level analysis: epistemological, methodological, social assistance. The analysis has been applied to the design and reporting of projects in both mathematics education at primary school level and training in technical innovation in commercial enterprises.     

Curriculum Development in Public Administration: The Demise of the Diploma in Municipal Administration

Abstract

Is there a future for the book in the computer age? We address this question obliquely by reporting on the development of an on‐line learning support system called CYCLOTEXT. This system makes use of a fairly modest level of technology to provide a dynamic browsing environment in which the student can move easily among an unstructured, open‐ended set of topics, each headed by a ‘keyword’, and thereby build up a model of a universe of discourse. It has a use as a powerful study support facility which, we argue, is not adequately catered for by the traditional codex book. We believe that, unlike more familiar programmed instruction systems, CYCLOTEXT offers a type of learning technology which could, with further development, represent an important aid to study in the sometimes intransigent field of humanities. We offer a preliminary report on both its theory and practice ‐‐ though we conclude that the book is safe for the time being.     

高职院校后勤管理信息化的研究

在高职院校后勤管理改革过程中,引入信息化新理念,建立信息化后勤管理体系,保障高职院校可持续性发展,形成科学有效的管理机制,提升后勤保障水平。以信息技术为核心的高新技术对传统后勤管理体系进行改造,涉及到后勤管理信息化理论研究、保障体制建设、信息技术设备等各个领域,是后勤管理保障体系根本性的变革。     

我国高中生科学素质影响因素分析

高中生是我国科技后备人才的主力军,其科学素质直接关系到我国未来科技水平,因此探讨我国高中生科学素质的影响因素,对于提高我国科技后备人才科学素质进而提升我国科技水平具有重要意义。本文利用我国高中生大规模基线调查数据,基于教育生产函数模型,分析了我国高中生科学素质的影响因素,结果表明:竞赛因素对高中生科学素质有显著影响,班级同伴因素有较大影响,学校因素有很大影响,而家庭因素有重要影响。为此,首先,应重视不断增强科技竞赛和学科竞赛活动对高中生科学素质的提升作用,缩小班级规模、加强合作学习,从而更好地发挥班级同伴效应对于促进高中生科学素质提升的作用;其次,要引导家长形成科学的教育方式,促进高中生科学素质的提高。此外,需要加强中小学科学教育过程中对学生科学素质培养的渗透,重点关注提高西部地区和非重点校高中生科学素质问题。     

Understanding the relationship between levels of mobile technology use in high school physics classrooms and the learning outcome

Mobile technology has been increasingly adopted in science education. We generally assume that more innovative use of mobile technology leads to a greater learning outcome. Yet, there is a lack of empirical research to support this assumption. To fill in the gap, we drew upon data from 803 high school students who had used mobile devices for five months in physics classrooms. Using the SAMR model (ie, Substitution, Augmentation, Modification, and Redefinition), we distinguished their uses into two levels: Substitution (replacing traditional instructional approach with mobile technology without functional improvement), and augmentation (enhancing instruction with affordances provided by mobile technology). Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling analysis, we found that the augmentation level of use was positively correlated with the physics learning outcome, but the substitution level of use was not. We further identified four sub-types of uses within the augmentation level. We found that after-school remediating activities and student–teacher displaying activities were positively correlated with student physics achievement, but teacher-assigned activities had no significant correlation and learning aid activities had a negative correlation with the learning outcome. This study provided empirical evidence to support the assumption that a higher level of mobile technology use may be related to a greater learning outcome and that the impact of mobile technology may be determined by multiple factors such as who initiates the use and whether the use enhances or distracts students' knowledge construction.     

An Introduction: Reimagining Social Work Education for the Digital Age

ABSTRACT

Despite the recent publication of a number of articles, along with current presentations at professional conferences, and a scholarly text all on the topic of distance learning and online social work education, many believe that the subject has not received the level of recognition among academics in our profession that it needs and deserves. This Introduction to a special double issue of a prominent peer-reviewed journal serves to welcome the reader to the contents of the seventeen articles that follow, and to provide both an overview and conceptual framework for the special issue as a whole. Underscoring both the opportunities and quandaries, support and resistance, most of the authors would appear to conclude that social work educators must rapidly become more agile in embracing the unique opportunities presented by the technology that we now have at hand.     

豫东地区玉米收获机械化状况与对策研究

通过对豫东地区玉米收获机械化状况进行调查,发现该地区玉米收获机械化水平相当落后,根据农业机械化发展水平评价指标体系和“三化”发展要求,从农机与农艺结合、科技研发和政策支持、发展生态农业及配套产业等方面采取措施,提高玉米收获机械化水平,促进豫东地区新型农业现代化发展．     

网络在北京市残疾人教育中应用的现状和对策

北京市网络技术在残疾人教育中的应用在不断地发展和扩大,并有着非常雄厚的网络技术教育的资源,各级政府和社会各方面运用网络技术服务残疾人,网络技术的应用给残疾人教育带来了很大的变化,但残疾人教育中的网络技术应用还处于初级阶段,网络技术设备的投入与专业人员的数量,还远远不能满足残疾人的需求。政府应在政策、制度和实施上扶持和建设规范化和高质量的残疾人网络教育机制,利用多种手段促进网络技术的应用,建设好相关的残疾人教育网站,让全社会都来关心和支持网络技术在残疾人教育中的应用。     

School Administrators and Educational Technologies: narrowing the divide

ABSTRACT

Technologies that enhance classroom instruction and school administration are widespread. The majority of schools, however, have yet to implement technologies beyond a basic level. Reasons for this reluctance include a lack of funds, teacher beliefs about the role of technology in education, methods of technology allocation and distribution in schools, a lack of understanding of how technologies can accentuate learning and administration, and most importantly, a lack of vision and support from school administrators. To help solve the problem of administrative support, we propose the creation of university courses designed to nourish school technology leaders. Included in this paper is a basic outline for such a course.     

油库管控一体系统的设计与实现

随着自动化技术的发展,油库的自动化水平逐步提高,但由于技术和前期投资的影响,油库内的各个自动化系统标准不同,水平高低不同,不能很好的融合和统一。文章通过实际工作经验,提供了一个油库管控一体化系统实现的标准和架构,为以后的油库改造和建设在自动化方面提供了参考。     

Cascading the use of Web 2.0 technology in secondary schools in the United Kingdom: identifying the barriers beyond pre-service training

This paper reports on research that took place at two universities in the United Kingdom, over two years. The research focuses on the use of Web 2.0 technology, specifically blogs, with pre-service teachers, both during their university programme and the first year of teaching as full-time newly qualified teachers (NQTs). The purpose of this research was to add to a developing body of knowledge by identifying whether technology used by pre-service teachers during their training course can be cascaded into their practice once qualified. Key findings identify a number of enablers and barriers to cascading technology in the classroom; these include curriculum time, pupil skills and support. The research concludes that early professional support and development should continue during the early years of teaching and assumptions about new teachers as champions of cascading innovative use of Web 2.0 technologies into their practice as NQTs may be over-optimistic.     

The Role of Beliefs in the Use of Information Technology: implications for teacher education,or teaching the right thing at the right time

ABSTRACT

The decision of teachers whether to use or not to use computers depends on two basic categories of factors: factors at the school level and factors at the teacher level. At the school level the principal plays an important role in the support of innovations in school. The principal supplies financial, organizational and moral support and should give the innovation a long‐term perspective. However, teacher factors outweigh school‐level factors. Teachers have strong beliefs with respect to the content of their subject matter as well as to its pedagogy. The case studies described in this article show that those beliefs appear to change only very slowly. Teachers adopt new media if they can use them in accordance with their existing beliefs and practices. From the results of this research, implications are drawn with respect to the content and strategy of initial and in‐service teacher training in the field of information technology (IT).     

Using assessment to support higher level learning: the multiple choice item development assignment

This paper describes the multiple choice item development assignment (MCIDA) that was developed to support both content and higher level learning. The MCIDA involves students in higher level learning by requiring them to develop multiple choice items, write justifications for both correct and incorrect answer options and determine the highest cognitive level that the item is testing. The article discusses the benefits and limitations of the scheme and presents data on the largely positive student reactions to the scheme. The development of the MCIDA also serves as an example for how traditional summatively oriented assessment procedures can be developed into tools that directly support student learning.     

马歇尔式产业集群中地方政府技术创新公共政策研究——以广东龙江家具产业集群为例

根据产业组织形态可以将产业集群分为高科技企业集群、轮轴式产业集群、马歇尔式产业集群三种类型,它们的技术创新表现有明显差异。其中马歇尔式产业集群主要由传统工业中小企业聚集形成,企业技术创新能力薄弱、且合作创新行为较少,因此需要地方政府大力扶持。本文以广东省龙江家具产业集群作为马歇尔式产业集群的典型案例,分析探讨龙江镇政府各项提升集群技术创新水平的政策措施,总结马歇尔式集群中地方政府促进集群技术创新的公共政策实施经验,旨在为此类集群提供借鉴。     

试论中国优秀传统文化的科学内涵

中国优秀传统文化是指1840年以前中华民族创造的,并能够经过现代意义上的创造性转换而服务于中国现代化建设的文化,包含物形态质层面、知识技术层面、行为层面、文学艺术层面和思想精神层面等。"优秀"的标准至少包括两点:价值性标准和功能性标准。中国优秀传统文化是中国当代文化建设的基础和支撑。     

科技强国战略下高职院校科技服务建设研究

科技强国战略离不开高校的支撑,高职院校科技服务职能对科技强国建设具有重要的践履价值,同时对促进地方经济发展、培养实用型科技人才及扩大社会影响力均具有至关重要的价值效应,二者耦合于中国特色社会主义建设过程之中。科技强国建设背景下的高职院校科技服务能力构建面临着认识层面"三重三轻"、服务层面"四多四少"、政策层面"五个缺少"等现实困境,完善体制机制以实现能力构建的具体路径包括:设计顶层机制,确保协同发展, 完善规章制度,确保有章可循, 完善管理机制,确保有序运转, 完善激励机制,确保服务效率, 完善信息机制,确保共建共享,形成良好的计划、行动、实施、反馈立体体制机制。     

Knowledge sharing among Malaysian universities’ students: do personality traits,class room and technological factors matter?

Active and voluntarily sharing of knowledge is an essential element of effective and meaningful learning at university level. Recognising the role and importance of Big Five personality traits (extraversion, conscientiousness, agreeableness, emotional stability and openness) in encouraging knowledge-sharing behaviour, this paper adds the classroom (instructor support and degree of competition) and technological factors (technology availability and support) to model general knowledge-sharing patterns. Survey instrument was used to collect from six private and six public universities in Malaysia. Out of 700 surveys distributed, 474 data were used for analysis representing the response rate of 67.71%. Extraversion, conscientiousness, instructor support, degree of competition and technology support are found to have positive relationship with knowledge-sharing patterns. However, emotional stability is found to have negative relationship. A practical implication of these results is that instructors could advance knowledge sharing via personnel screening in forming assignment groups in their class as well as providing sufficient support and technology support to promote knowledge sharing among students.     

Retrospective Questions or a Diary Method? A Two-Level Multitrait-Multimethod Analysis

This study describes a comparison between retrospective questions and daily diaries inquiring about positive and negative support in spousal interactions. The design was a multitrait-multimethod matrix with trait factors of positive and negative support, and method factors of retrospective questions and daily asked questions. Five questions were used for positive support and 2 questions were used for negative support. The data were multilevel, with daily measurement occasions nested within subjects. In addition, the data were ordered categorically. The negative support events proved to be so rare that the original 4-point response scale had to be dichotomized. The resulting model could be estimated using M plus, but the model and data complexities set some limits to the analysis. The results showed that at the subject level both positive and negative support could be assessed with sufficient reliability and validity. At the daily measurements level, positive support showed significant but low reliability and validity, but negative support could not be assessed reliably. It was concluded that at the daily level both positive and negative support should be viewed as transient events that do not indicate an underlying latent variable, but that could be modeled as a formative construct.