一氧化氮对灵芝多糖产量的影响

采用硝普钠(Sodium nitroprusride,SNP)作为外源一氧化氮(nitric oxide,NO)供体,研究了一氧化氮对深层发酵灵芝胞外多糖和胞内多糖产量的影响。结果表明,0.5 mmol/L SNP处理对灵芝菌丝生长具有明显的促进作用,并且显著提高灵芝胞外多糖和胞内多糖的产量,同时添加SNP和NO清除剂c-PTIO时上述产量增加现象消失;当SNP处理浓度大干4.0 mmol/L时,灵芝菌丝体生物量、灵芝胞外多糖和胞内多糖的产量均呈现下降趋势。     

白灵菇胞内多糖液体发酵条件的优化

以胞内多糖产量为指标,对白灵菇胞内多糖液体发酵培养条件进行优化。在单因素和正交实验的基础上,确定发酵培养条件为:葡萄糖3.0%,蛋白胨0.2%,麸皮4.0%,KH2PO40.1%,MgSO40.1%,转速160r/min,初始pH6.5,接种量10%,装液量80mL/250mL,25℃培养时间6d,胞内多糖的产量达95.56mg/100mL。     

表面活性剂Tween80和Tween60对毛头鬼伞胞外多糖产量的影响

比较了两种表面活性剂Tween 80和Tween 60对毛头鬼伞菌丝体培养过程中胞外多糖释放的影响。实验结果表明:Tween 80和Tween 60均能促进细胞释放胞外多糖,而以Tween 80较好;在发酵培养基中加入不同浓度的Tween 80时,对毛头鬼伞菌丝体胞外多糖释放的影响不同,加入0.05%Tween 80时,胞外多糖的产量最高,达到31.226g/L,而对照组的胞外多糖产量仅为21.437g/L。胞外多糖的产量比对照组提高了46%。     

不同碳源对红芝液体发酵影响的研究

采用摇瓶发酵法,研究了不同碳源对红芝液体发酵的菌丝产量、多糖产量的影响.结果表明,所选8种碳源对红芝液体发酵影响不同,其中可溶性淀粉作为碳营养发酵效果最好,菌丝干重达5.2g/L、胞内粗多糖达0.437g/L、胞外粗多糖达1.469g/L,在工业化生产上,可选用可溶性淀粉作红芝液体发酵碳营养.     

豆渣固体发酵生产灵芝菌丝粉条件优化及三萜化合物含量的测定

利用豆渣代料固体发酵灵芝菌丝粉,结果表明菌丝生长势与菌丝培养温度、培养料/糖比密切相关,培养温度在28℃,料/糖比为100：2,菌丝生长势最强;以单位重量菌丝粉含三萜化合物量为目标函数,利用豆渣培养基培养灵芝菌丝体的最佳条件则为料/糖比为100：2;培养温度为24℃;培养时间为菌丝满瓶后12d.每g菌丝粉三萜化合物含量可达2.44mg.灵芝菌丝特有三萜化合物含量可间接反映菌丝粉中纯菌丝含量及灵芝多糖的含量.     

响应面法优化羊肚菌深层发酵条件

研究了羊肚菌深层发酵培养基中玉米粉和黄豆粉配比和发酵条件,确定了羊肚菌深层发酵最佳配比的培养基以及最佳的发酵温度、起始pH和摇床转速.通过单因素确定培养基中玉米粉和黄豆粉的最佳配比,在单因素试验的基础上采用三因素三水平的响应面分析法确定羊肚菌液体发酵的培养条件.结果以羊肚菌菌丝体生物量和胞外多糖浓度为响应面和等高线,在分析各个因素的显著性和交互作用后,得出羊肚菌液体发酵的最佳温度25.33℃、起始pH 6.13、摇床转速154.33r/min.在最佳发酵条件下,发酵144h,羊肚菌的菌丝体生物量和胞外多糖浓度达到最高,分别为7.78g/L和130.97mg/L.     

糖的生物合成及微生物多糖发酵

本文阐述单糖、胞内多糖和胞外多糖的生物合成途径,并对微生物多糖发酵作了一些介绍.     

不同无机盐对裂褶菌菌丝生物量及多糖产量的影响

运用摇瓶培养研究了不同无机盐对裂褶菌深层发酵菌丝生物量、胞外多糖和胞内多糖产量的影响。结果表明,在培养温度为26℃,摇床转速为160 rpm,培养时间为7d的条件下,裂褶菌菌丝生物量、胞外多糖和胞内多糖产量最高无机盐分别是KH2PO4＋MgSO4.7H2O,KH2PO4和KH2PO4,平均量分别为9.78 g/L,5.96 g/L,0.95 g/L.     

以玉米为基质的灵芝固体发酵

研究了以玉米为基质的灵芝固体发酵,通过单因素和正交试验对工艺条件进行了优化,结果表明:玉米粒度、菌种、接种量、发酵温度和时间对基料中菌质多糖的产生都有影响,发酵条件优化结果为10目大小的玉米基料,接入15%液体菌种,28℃发酵24天。     

茶叶下脚料在发酵型茶酒中利用的研究

在红曲霉发酵酿造茶酒的原料中添加制茶下脚料,实验对比测定了发酵前后各营养成分的变化,结果表明：发酵前物料中各营养含量分别为,总糖（302.2±3.29） mg/g,还原糖（126.3±7.46）mg/g,多糖（175.9±9.05） mg/g,粗纤维27.1%,氮（40.64±1.06） mg/g,游离氨基酸（47.04±0.75） mg/g。发酵后物料中总糖（199.1±1.64） mg/g,还原糖（29.07±0.34） mg/g,多糖（170.0±1.30） mg/g,粗纤维18.8%,氮（37.02±0.86） mg/g,游离氨基酸为0 mg/g。发酵前后物料总重量利用率39.4%,各营养物质的转化率分别为总糖60.06%,还原糖86.01%、多糖3.35%、粗纤维30.62%、氮8.91%、氨基酸为100%。发酵茶酒的酒精度达到13%。     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

汉字倒说

汉字的六书,《说文》对“转注”一类,语焉不详。后世学者提及转注,也仅限于许慎所举出的例字。《汉字例说》一文,作者从转注的角度综合考虑,对部分现代常用字作了分析,跟传统的解释有所不同。希望能抛砖引玉,互相切磋,以推进学术研究。     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

团图为数的图中的闭团贯数

Given a graph G,a subgraph C is called a clique of G if C is a complete subgraph of G maximal under inclusion and |C|≥2. A clique-transversal set S of G is a set of vertices of G such that S meets all cliques of G. The clique-transversal number, denoted as TC (G), is the minimum cardinality of a clique-transversal set in G. The clique-graph of G, denoted as K (G), is the graph obtained by taking the cliques of G as vertices, and two vertices are adjacent if and only if the corresponding cliques in G have nonempty intersection. Let F be a class of graphs G such that F={G|K(G) is a tree}. In this paper the graphs in F having independent clique-transversal sets are shown and thus TC (G)/|G|≤1/2 for all G ∈ F.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Social and Cultural Influence on Word Meaning

Different nations have different social cultures, and the social culture of every nation is developing with the development of the nation, language is greatly influenced by social culture, which enables language to possess national and historical characteristics. Word is the smallest, independent, meaningful linguistic unit of language. It can well reflect the national and historical characteristics. From synchronic aspect, the social and cultural influence on word meaning is mainly embodied in conceptual and associative meanings of word. The incorrespondence of word meaning is a phenomenon that exists in both conceptual and associative meanings of word among different languages. From diachronic aspect, the development of social culture causes some changes of word meaning to some extent. Therefore, social culture plays a key role in vocabulary learning and mastery of a language.     

钱生钱!

我们绝大部分人都同意一件事情——我们喜欢金钱。但是你对金钱的喜欢之情足够到让你创立一份事业么?.财富通常被人忽视,主要在于人们不能真正了     

Inequalities for inscribed simplexes

The problem on the geometrc inequalities involving an n-dimensional simplex and its inscribed simplex is studied. Aninequality is established, which reveals that the difference between the squared circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex andthe squared distance between its circumcenter and barycenter times the squared circumradius of its inscribed simplex is not lessthan the 2(n-1)th power of n times its squared inradius, and is equal to when the simplex is regular and its inscribed siplex is atangent point one. Deduction from this inequality reaches a generalization of n-dimensional Euler inequality indicating that thecircumradius of the simplex is not less than the n-fold inradius. Another inequality is derived to present the relationship betweenthe circumradius of the n-dimensional simplex and the circumradius and inradius of its pedal simplex.