e-Science and Data Management Resources on the Web

The way research is conducted has changed over time, from simple experiments to computer modeling and simulation, from individuals working in isolated laboratories to global networks of researchers collaborating on a single topic. Often, this new paradigm results in the generation of staggering amounts of data. The intensive use of data and the existence of networks of researchers characterize e-Science. The role of libraries and librarians in e-Science has been a topic of interest for some time now. This column looks at tools, resources, and projects that demonstrate successful collaborations between libraries and researchers in e-Science.     

建立数据驱动的e Science图书馆服务：机遇和挑战

在简要评述科学数据增长、存储管理和开放获取需求的基础上,介绍美国麻省理工学院（MIT）图书馆的DSpace图书馆数字资源存储系统和服务新模式,针对科学数据生命周期,提出图书馆建立数据驱动的e Science图书馆特色服务的思考与策略。     

基于数据生命周期的图书馆科学数据服务研究

数据生命周期是依据科研过程发展而来,从数据产生、加工到数据发布、再利用的一个循环过程。归纳数据生命周期理论,在此基础上推演出e Science环境下图书馆可以尝试开展的科学数据服务方式,划分为数据初次加工、数据再加工和知识抽取三类服务。并且,提供相应案例分析,考察服务的实践开展情况。     

非书资料管理的比较与思考

合理管理和使用非书资料是网络环境下图书馆文献资料管理的一个中心话题。文章通过三种非书资料管理系统的比较,论述了目前我国高校图书馆非书资料管理的一些具体方法,对非书资料的管理提出合理化的建议。     

Social network analysis: A methodological approach for understanding public libraries and their communities

Social network analysis (SNA) as theoretical framework and quantitatively oriented methodology offers public libraries and public library researchers an as-yet-unexplored way into their big data stories based on these library connections with their community. SNA offers library and information science researchers a methodology, and suggests a new research agenda, to better envision the relationships public libraries have with their communities both in-person and online by exploring the kinds of ties they have, how these ties lead to relationships, and how these relationships can be characterized. The quantitative orientation of SNA combined with its methods of data analysis in the forms of networks and hubs could give libraries the “hard” data they are so often in need of to demonstrate their value to their political leaders, and could uncover new directions in library use and library relationships.     

Shaping up: boot camp and other programs addressing professional development needs of science librarians

Scientists work collaboratively with online tools, relying almost exclusively on online resources and sharing publications freely online while generating and utilizing large datasets. As a result, librarians charged with providing services to the scientific community face both opportunities and challenges in keeping up in this electronic, digital environment. To meet these challenges, library leaders from the five campuses of the University of Massachusetts System established an on-going e-Science initiative. This initiative focuses on increasing awareness and understanding of the principles of e-Science while improving general knowledge within different scientific disciplines. Programs of varying lengths and focus provide local and affordable professional development opportunities that improve the working librarian's ability to better serve scientific researchers and students.     

Influential Players in Twitter Networks of Libraries at Primarily Undergraduate Institutions

This study presents an analysis of Twitter networks from academic libraries housed in medium-sized, primarily undergraduate universities. Previous investigations on this topic have used networks of followers, i.e. attention, to show that accounts associated with a library's home institution are the prime influencers in library Twitter networks. That is, they are in key positions to disseminate library-related information. The library itself was found to be positioned to contribute to the institution-wide conversation as well. Networks of followers, however, are susceptible to unwanted influence from inactive users. The present study utilizes networks constructed from tweeting behavior to identify influencers. These networks are, thus, insensitive to inactive followers. The results are compared to those of the previously published follower networks. The behavior networks are significantly smaller and contain far fewer interactions than the follower networks; however, institutional accounts are found to be the principal influencers in these networks as well. Additionally, the social network analysis allows for the quantification of relationship strengths. The closest relationships are between library/institutional and library/student accounts. The former demonstrates that the libraries are active participants in the university-wide exchanges on Twitter and the institutional accounts often include the libraries in their messages.     

Shaping Up: Boot Camp and Other Programs Addressing Professional Development Needs of Science Librarians

Scientists work collaboratively with online tools, relying almost exclusively on online resources and sharing publications freely online while generating and utilizing large datasets. As a result, librarians charged with providing services to the scientific community face both opportunities and challenges in keeping up in this electronic, digital environment. To meet these challenges, library leaders from the five campuses of the University of Massachusetts System established an on-going e-Science initiative. This initiative focuses on increasing awareness and understanding of the principles of e-Science while improving general knowledge within different scientific disciplines. Programs of varying lengths and focus provide local and affordable professional development opportunities that improve the working librarian's ability to better serve scientific researchers and students.     

Access to Information in the Nordic Countries

This article concentrates on the national services and databases in the Nordic countries. The availability of information via networks is the main discussion topic. The Nordic libraries have a long tradition of cooperation. The basic idea at present is to make the national information of each country available to all users within Scandinavia, to create a "Union Nordic Library." The necessary qualifications for that kind of co-operation are very good: the development of the national systems is in process or already operational at a high technical level; the Nordic research networks are connected to each other and to international networks; the data itself is in standardized form and very well covers the recent publications.     

DC元数据年会综述(2013)

文章介绍了都柏林元数据2013年年会的基本情况,即会议议程和会议内容,并在此基础上,就会议的部分主题,如e．Science、CAMP-4-Data主题研讨以7LDCMI年会首次举行的最佳论文和最佳年度报告作重点介绍。在文章最后对DCMI当前的工作主题及其进展也做了一个小结。     

学科领域科研数据知识库调研与分析——以化学领域为例

[目的/意义]调研分析化学领域科研数据知识库现状,让科研人员了解化学领域数据知识库的概况,为其选择合适的数据知识库发表科研数据提供参考;从图书馆为科研人员提供服务的角度,探索基于化学领域科研数据发表的数据服务.[方法/过程]通过re3data.org、Databib、OAD 3个数据知识库的注册和目录系统,调研化学领域科研数据知识库的创建国家、建立时间、知识库的类别、存储数据的化学领域以及知识库的开放情况,对专门针对化学学科数据建立的知识库服务特点进行总结,并选取3个典型的数据知识库--Cambridge Structural Database、ChemSpider和ChemSynthesis,深度分析化学数据知识库的服务内容.[结果/结论]化学领域科研数据知识库的数量较多,建设国家较为集中,学科领域分布较为广泛,开放程度不尽相同.     

科研信息化发展初探

科研信息化对科技和经济社会发展的巨大影响引起了全球的广泛重视,发达国家纷纷把推进科研信息化 作为提高国家科技竞争力的关键和迎接新一轮科技革命的战略举措。文章综述科研信息化的研究成果,总结发达国家 科研信息化的发展模式,分析我国科研信息化的现状及存在的问题,最后设计出我国科研信息化的发展路径,为提升 我国科研信息化水平提供有益的理论参考。     

高校图书馆与公共图书馆微信公众平台比较研究

[目的/意义]由于微信公众平台提升了图书馆信息传播的智能化水平，增强了图书馆服务效能，已被我国图书馆作为重要的自媒体平台广泛应用。在此背景下，针对高校图书馆与公共图书馆微信公众平台进行比较研究具有重要意义。[方法/过程]首先，利用社交媒体大数据平台和网页爬虫技术对微信公众平台推文外部描述和推文内部描述数据进行采集，数据清洗后存储在mongo DB数据库中。其次，利用微信传播指数算法计算高校图书馆与公共图书馆微信公众平台传播指数。同时，引入机器学习中的文档主题生成模型（LDA）开展这两类图书馆微信公众平台推文文本的主题分类研究。最后，提出信息收受综合指数（IA&AI）的概念与量化方法，并在设置IA&AI阈值的条件下进行基于代表性推文特征指标统计的比较研究。[结果/结论]高校图书馆与公共图书馆微信公众平台阅读数与点赞数均存在密切正相关关系；高校图书馆公众平台传播影响力较公共图书馆稍低，但这两类图书馆都存在影响力两极分化现象；比较分析后找到高校图书馆与公共图书馆推文主题异同以及较高或较低信息收受综合指数推文的信息特征差异。最后根据研究结论提出针对这两类图书馆微信公众平台运营的建议。     

Music score approval plans in research libraries: A survey of librarian satisfaction with and without approval plans

In this study, the researchers submitted a music score approval plan survey to all ARL libraries. Two surveys were created, one for libraries with music score approval plans, one for those without. Forty-four surveys were returned. The authors' purpose was to analyze and discuss the survey results, incorporating elements of the scholarly work preceding this study. Discussions, roundtables, and listservs participated in by music librarians over the years formed the basis of the topic at hand. The goal was to ascertain whether these discussions and underlying assumptions of approval plans held true to the real world.     

国内外数据馆员能力要求比较研究

[目的/意义]随着数字化科研的不断发展,科学研究开始向数据密集型科研转变,数据馆员成为国内外图书馆的一个新型焦点主题。通过对国内外数据馆员能力要求进行分析比较和归纳总结,对我国数据馆员的人才培养提供参考和借鉴。[方法/过程]对国内外高校图书馆招聘信息进行调研,采取网络调查法和内容分析法从应聘者知识背景、综合素质、岗位职责、职业技能和特殊技能五个方面深度解析数据馆员需要具备的职业能力。[结果/结论]总结国内外数据馆员能力,明确国内数据馆员角色定位,对国内图书馆开展数据管理服务、培养数据馆员提供参考借鉴意义。     

“Lots of Questions about ‘Fake News’”: How Public Libraries Have Addressed Media Literacy, 2016–2018

ABSTRACT

This exploratory research investigates how American public libraries have addressed the issue of media literacy in their communities from 2016 to 2018, including programs, partnerships, and other initiatives. The authors selected this period because events, such as the 2016 U.S. presidential election, contributed to an increased national concern about media literacy. This study fills a research gap by providing a broader assessment of public library responses to this issue, as most of the published literature thus far stems from academic libraries. An electronic survey solicited data from both a stratified purposive sample and a self-selecting sample of public libraries throughout the United States (U.S.). Analysis of qualitative and quantitative data from sixty-five public libraries revealed several key themes related to media literacy initiatives, including types of initiatives developed, initiatives deemed most successful by staff, community response to initiatives, and reasons for not pursuing initiatives. Findings denote the current state of how public libraries address media literacy and offer practical guidance for those developing media literacy initiatives. Key findings are as follows: lack of staff time is the reason most often cited for not engaging in media literacy initiatives; more effective measurements are needed to assess both community needs and outcomes of library initiatives; “fake news” is a topic of interest in the community and among library staff; and there appears to be a relationship between staff interest in the topic and perceived interest on the part of the public, which may impact efforts to address the issue. Implications for practice resulting from those findings include engaging in initiatives that maximize service while minimizing staff time involvement; measuring and assessing community interests as well as outcomes of initiatives; using trending topics such as “fake news” to increase interest in library services; and continuing to increase staff awareness of and training in issues deemed important by the library community.     

我国图书馆同行学习目标的选择与确定

以数据包络及同业影响分析为技术方法,选取适当的变量和数据,测定样本图书馆效率值并为存在效率缺失现象的图书馆选择合适的学习目标.文章针对在图书馆同行中科学选定学习目标这一课题进行探索性研究.     

Social Science Sponsored Researchers

This study examined the use of academic libraries by academic sponsored researchers in the social sciences at five universities in the greater Boston area. It provides information about researchers use of the library during the proposal development and research stages; it inquires into other information sources employed by the researchers; and it collects data about the types and ages of information materials used in support of the respondent's research projects. Analysis of the responses indicates that for the majority of the researchers, the library was used between one and five times during their proposal development work but that the resources of the library were not a factor in the development of their research proposals. While the researchers indicated that they had used or expected to use their campus libraries as well as other libraries during the course of their research, they also expected to obtain research related information from other sources. They ranked their personal collections first in importance as the place they turned to for information materials in support of their research activity, with their campus library or libraries ranked second.     

“三网融合”环境下我国图书馆面临的挑战与对策

电信网、计算机网、广播电视网的"三网融合"已成为必然趋势。"三网融合"所具有的覆盖范围广、终端可移动、内容大众化等诸多优势,将改变图书馆的社会信息中心地位,分流图书馆的传统用户,减弱图书馆免费服务优势,降低用户对图书馆的依赖性。我国图书馆应利用政策机遇拓展图书馆发展空间,利用平台融合机遇促进图书馆大众化,利用技术机遇提升图书馆数字化水平,利用内容机遇发展图书馆资源,利用用户机遇延伸图书馆服务。