Nicotinamide <Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-methyltransferase protein expression in renal cell cancer

Objective: To understand the function of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) protein as tumor biomarker in renal carcinoma. Methods: Recombinant NNMT protein was used to prepare monoclonal antibodies by hybridoma technique. The diagnostic and prognostic function of NNMT protein in renal carcinoma was evaluated by analyzing 74 renal cancer tissues through immunohistochemical staining for NNMT by using the prepared antibodies. Results: Two hybridomas named 2F8 and 1E7 stably secreting the monoclonal antib...     

Prognostic significance of regulatory T lymphocytes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

We investigated the prognostic role of regulatory T cells (Tregs) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Relevant evidence regarding prognostic significance of Tregs was systematically searched in MEDLINE and Embase databases. A meta-analysis was performed to compare survival in patients with high or low Tregs level (either in peripheral blood or tumor). Eighteen studies were identified that fulfilled for the eligibility criteria and were included for data synthesis. Our pooled hazard ratios (HRs) demonstrated that increased Tregs intratumoral accumulation was significantly associated with worse overall survival (HR=2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.72–2.42) and diseasefree survival (HR=1.82, 95% CI: 1.58–2.09). Three studies evaluated the role of Tregs in peripheral blood, and all of them showed that increased peripheral Tregs correlated with shortened disease-free and overall survival. Collectively, our results showed that the increased Tregs count is tightly associated with the shortened survivals. Its measurement in either primary tumor or even circulation might be a candidate marker of prognostic significance in HCC patients.     

雌孕激素受体与P53、bcl-2基因蛋白在大肠良恶性病变中表达的相关性研究

目的探讨ER、PR、P53、bcl-2在大肠良恶性病变中的表达相关性.方法利用ER、PR、P53及bcl-2特异性抗体对75例大肠良恶性肿瘤进行SABC免疫组织化学染色.结果四种抗体联合表达率在47例大肠恶性肿瘤、28例良性增生性疾病和41例癌旁移行区粘膜分别为26.83%、10.7%和0.10例大肠息肉P53和bcl-2均无表达,41例癌旁移行区未见P53表达.ER、PR联合表达率在大肠癌(42.55%)明显高于癌旁(17.07%),P53和bcl-2联合表达率在癌、良性增生和癌旁分别为48.94%、17.80%和0,三者间差异显著.而四种抗体表达与患者性别、年龄无关.结论ER、PR、P53和bcl-2表达与大肠肿瘤发生有关.P53基因突变是人类大肠癌发生的最常见的遗传学改变之一,bcl-2是大肠癌发生的早期分子水平标志;激素及其受体改变促进肿瘤的发生并且雌、孕激素受体水平与肿瘤的病理分化程度有关.     

癌基因C-erbB-2的表达与周围型肺癌生物学行为和CT征象的关系

目的：探讨癌基因C-erbB-2在周围型肺癌发生、发展中的作用。方法：采用免疫组化和流式细胞术、聚合酶链反应三种方法检测基因表达是否一致及与生物学行为、CT征象的关系。结果：癌基因C-erbB-2蛋白表达与患者的年龄、性别、TNM分期无关，在肺腺癌中的表达明显高于鳞癌（P（0．05），肺癌的分化程度低、有肺门或纵隔淋巴结转移C-erbB-2蛋白表达明显增高（P〈O．05）。C-erbB-2蛋白表达与深分叶征、棘突征有关；而与肿瘤的大小、短细毛刺征、胸膜凹陷征无关。三种方法检测C-erbB-2蛋白及mRNA表达水平一致．结论：癌基因C-erbB-2在肺癌发生、发展、CT征象中起重要作用，检测这种基因并结合CT征象可作为临床诊断及评估预后的有效指标。     

肾癌肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞免疫组化分析及其与肾癌愈后关系研究

目的:了解肾细胞癌(RCC)患者抗瘤免疫状况及TIL与肾癌愈后关系。方法:应用免疫组织化学PAP法和单克隆抗体对肾细胞癌原位肿瘤浸润琳巴细胞的构成与分布及活化进行研究,检测的TIL主要表面表标志包括CD_3、CD_4、CD_8、CD_(25)和HLA-DR抗原。结果:(1)RCC患者肿瘤原位TIL以·OT细胞为主(CD_3 ),其中CD_8 细胞明显高于CD_4 细胞,其CD_4 /CD_8 比值与RCC临床分期成负相关。(2)在肿瘤原位,有部分表达活化标志CD_(25)或HLA-DR抗原T细胞存在。(3)RCC患者其TIL在瘤组织中呈弥散状分布。结论 肾癌TIL反映了肾癌患者局部抗瘤免疫状况,且与分期负相关,可做为肾癌愈后的客观检测指标。     

P53基因蛋白在消化道肿瘤中的表达同浸润深度与转移的相关性观察

目的探讨P53基因表达与胃癌、肠癌、食管癌的相互关系.方法采用SP免疫组化染色方法.检测了消化道癌中(胃癌22例、肠癌22例、食管癌60例)P53蛋白的表达率.结果P53蛋白在胃癌中表达率最高达63.6%,肠癌中表达率为55.0%,食管癌中的表达率为61.7%.结论P53蛋白在消化道肿瘤中普遍表达并且当癌浸润较深和有淋巴结转移者阳性率较高.     

Skp2在膀胱上皮癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨细胞周期蛋白Skp2表达与膀胱移形细胞癌生物学行为的关系。方法：对73例膀胱移形细胞癌进行组织学分级及分期，另取22例正常膀胱组织作为对照。采用免疫组织化学方法S-P法检测各例组织中Skp2蛋白表达水平。并分析其表达水平与临床病理特征的关系。结果：Skp2蛋白阳性表达率为50．7％（37／73），Skp2蛋白表达与肿瘤组织学分级、病理分期显著相关。结论：Skp2是评估膀胱移形细胞癌恶性程度,估计预后有价值的指标。     

Advances in monoclonal antibody application in myocarditis

Monoclonal antibodies have become a part of daily preparation technologies in many laboratories. Attempts have been made to apply monoclonal antibodies to open a new train of thought for clinical treatments of autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and other immune-associated diseases. This paper is a prospective review to anticipate that monoclonal antibody application in the treatment of myocarditis, an inflammatory disease of the heart, could be a novel approach in the future. In order to better understand the current state of the art in monoclonal antibody techniques and advance applications in myocarditis, we, through a significant amount of literature research both domestic and abroad, developed a systematic elaboration of monoclonal antibodies, pathogenesis of myocarditis, and application of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis. This paper presents review of the literature of some therapeutic aspects of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy to demonstrate the advance of monoclonal antibody application in myocarditis and a strong anticipation that monoclonal antibody application may supply an effective therapeutic approach to relieve the severity of myocarditis in the future. Under conventional therapy, myocarditis is typically associated with congestive heart failure as a progressive outcome, indicating the need for alternative therapeutic strategies to improve long-term results. Reviewing some therapeutic aspects of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis, we recently found that monoclonal antibodies with high purity and strong specificity can accurately act on target and achieve definite progress in the treatment of viral myocarditis in rat model and may meet the need above. However, several issues remain. The technology on how to make a higher homologous and weak immunogenic humanized or human source antibody and the treatment mechanism of monoclonal antibodies may provide solutions for these open issues. If we are to further stimulate progress in the area of clinical decision support, we must continue to develop and refine our understanding and use of monoclonal antibodies in myocarditis.     

Expression and significance of cyclin D1, p27kip1 protein in bronchioloalveolar carcinoma

INTRODUCTION Bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (BAC) is a par-ticular subtype of pulmonary adenocarcinoma de-rived from clara cell and type II pneumocyte. BAC cells grow along and within alveolar spaces while the alveolar framework of the lung is preserved. The incidence of BAC appears to be rising recently. The etiology and pathogenesis of this unique neoplastic disease are still unclear; many studies of oncogene and tumor suppressor gene expression include BAC with all adenocarcinoma o…     

肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞免疫组织化学研究

应用免疫组织化学PAP法,对26例常见恶性肿瘤冰冻组织切片中肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞(TIL)进行了原位分析,以了解TIL的组成及分布等原位特征。结果显示:(1)TIL中主要为CD_3~ 细胞,其中CD_4~ 相似文献   

MACC1 upregulation promotes gastric cancer tumor cell metastasis and predicts a poor prognosis

In various studies, metastasis associated with colon cancer 1 (MACC1) has been frequently reported to be abnormally highly expressed in human lung cancer, colon cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Our study focuses on the association of MACC1 expression with gastric cancer (GC). During our experiment, the MACC1 expression was tested in 105 GC samples using an immunohistochemical (IHC) method. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of these patients were summarized. During analysis, MACC1 distribution in GC samples with distant metastasis was higher than that in normal samples and in tumors with no dissemination. Subsequently, a lower 5-year survival rate had a strong correlation with high MACC1 expression. As a consequence, the present results suggest that MACC1 is more frequently expressed in a poor prognosis phenotype of GC and acts as a promising prognostic prediction parameter for GC.     

Gastric carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells: a case report and review of the literature

Gastric carcinoma with osteoclast-like giant cells (OGCs) is an extremely rare tumor. So far, only six cases have been reported in the literature. Here we report an additional case of this tumor in a Chinese 78-year-old man presented with abdominal pain, vomiting, and hematemesis. Physical examination and gastroscopy revealed a tumor in the gastric antrum. The biopsy and pathological findings indicated a gastric adenocarcinoma with OGCs, which were present in both the tumor and the metastatic lymph nodes. Further immunohistochemical staining indicated that OGCs were reactive with CD68, CD45, and vimentin protein, but not with pancytokeratin, carcinoembryonic antigen, or epithelial membrane antigen, suggesting the monocytic/histiocytic derivation of these OGCs. In situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus showed no nuclear positivity in either adenoearcinoma or OGCs. Postoperative follow-up showed that the patient had survived for at least 6 months without recurrence. Further investiga-tion is warranted to clearly define the prognostic significance of OGCs in gastric carcinoma.     

CHOP及GRP78在复发性多形性胶质母细胞瘤患者表达显著增加

目的:研究CHOP及GRP78与复发性GBM的相关性。方法:采用Western blot检测CHOP及GRP78在初发及复发GBM组织中的表达;Real-time PCR检测GRP78在初发以及复发GBM组织中的表达。结果:CHOP及GRP78在初发GBM中表达上调,而在经过原发性肿瘤切除后接受放疗和替莫唑胺化疗的复发性GBM中增加尤为显著。结论:CHOP及GRP78在GBM发病机制中起重要作用,该分子有望成为GMB潜在的诊断及预后评估标志物。     

MMP-9和CD15s与胃癌血管生成的相关性研究及其临床意义

目的:探讨基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)和唾液酸化Lewis X(CD15s)抗原与胃癌侵袭转移的相关性。方法:采用CD105,MMP-9,CD15s进行免疫组化S-P法染色,对47例胃癌根治性切除手术标本病理组织切片进行标记,检测CD105的微血管密度(MVD),并对MVD与MMP-9、CD15s的关系进行统计分析。结果:MMP-9、CD15s表达都呈阳性的胃癌组织微血管密度高于MMP-9和CD15s单阳性及二者均阴性的胃癌组织。结论:MMP-9高表达有利于癌组织局部浸润,CD15s高表达有利于癌细胞血行转移,MMP-9及CD15s检测对临床诊治胃癌及判断预后具有一定意义。     

胃癌患者血清中抗核抗体的检测

[目的]了解胃癌患者血清中抗核抗体谱的特点.[方法]以鸡卵核为抗原,应用免疫印迹法对18份胃癌术前患者以及22份正常对照组(年龄和性别分布均无差异)的血清进行分析.[结果]胃癌术前患者血清中特异识别5条抗原条带的抗核抗体的阳性率显著高于正常对照组,靶抗原的蛋白分子质量及胃癌术前组血清中特异识别这5条抗原条带的抗核抗体的阳性率分别为:69KD(44.4％,8/18),62KD(50％,9/18),58KD(33.9％,7/18),44KD(22.2％,4/18),37KD(38.9％,7/18).[结论] 胃癌患者体内存在抗核抗体,其相对的靶抗原有多种.     

乳腺癌的免疫调节治疗(英文)简

Standard treatment options for breast cancer include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapies, such as adjuvant hormonal therapy and monoclonal antibodies. Recently, the recognition that chronic inflammation in the tumor microenvironment promotes tumor growth and survival during different stages of breast cancer development has led to the development of novel immunotherapies. Several immunotherapeutic strategies have been studied both preclinically and clinically and already have been shown to enhance the efficacy of conven- tional treatment modalities. Therefore, therapies targeting the immune system may represent a promising next-generation approach for the treatment of breast cancers. This review will discuss recent findings that elucidate the roles of suppressive immune cells and proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the tumor-promoting microen- vironment, and the most current immunotherapeutic strategies in breast cancer.     

上皮性卵巢癌中Skp2蛋白的表达及临床意义

目的：探讨Skp2蛋白表达与上皮性卵巢癌发生、发展及预后评价的意义。方法：采用免疫组化法检测15例卵巢上皮性良性肿瘤、10例卵巢上皮性交界性肿瘤及58例上皮性卵巢癌中Skp2蛋白的表达情况。结果：Skp2在卵巢上皮性良性及交界性肿瘤中的表达均为阴性，而在上皮性卵巢癌中高表达，阳性率为48．28％（28／58），Skp2在中低分化组、Ⅲ／Ⅳ期组及有淋巴结转移组分别高于高分化组（P〈0．01）、Ⅰ／Ⅱ期组（P〈0．01）及无淋巴结转移组（P〈0．01）。在不同年龄及组织类型的卵巢癌中表达无显著性差异。结论：Skp2在上皮性卵巢癌中表达，表达水平越高提示预后越差。     

Estrogen receptor expression in adrenocortical carcinoma

Objective: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare but highly malignant tumor, and its diagnosis is mostly delayed and prognosis is poor. We report estrogen receptor (ER) expression in this tumor and our clinical experiences with 17 ACC cases. Methods: The data of the 17 patients (9 females and 8 males, age range from 16 to 69 years, mean age of 42.6 years) with ACC were reviewed, and symptoms, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and results of follow-up were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect ER expression in tumor samples from the 17 patients. Results: At the time of diagnosis, 4 tumors were classified as Stage Ⅰ, 4 as Stage Ⅱ, 3 as Stage Ⅲ, and 6 as Stage Ⅳ. Eight patients demonstrated positive nuclear immunostaining of ER. The prognosis of patients with ER positive was significantly better (P<0.05) than that of patients with ER negative, with 1- and 5-year survival rates at 86% and 60% for ER-positive patients, and 38% and 0% for ER-negative patients, respectively. Conclusion: ER-positivity may be one of the factors associated with a worse prognosis of ACC.