共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
非特异性腰痛是人们生活中的常见病之一,复发率、就诊率较高,也是体育界中运动损伤的常见症状之一。在很多运动项目中如举重、跳高等很是常见,不仅如此,很多运动员在训练中或者比赛过程中都会出现不同程度下背痛的症状。因此,本文就目前临床近年来针对非特异性腰痛的功能评估与运动疗法进行综述,以供临床医师和队医治疗时参考。 相似文献
2.
Abstract In two experiments we examined the effectiveness of ideokinetic imagery and flexibility combined with abdominal strength training as methods for improving the spinal angles of lordosis and, kyphosis and reducing low back pain. Ideokinetic imagery is a postural development technique that involves using movement images to gain subcortical control over the spinal musculature. Experiment 1 investigated the effectiveness of these treatments for males with a previous history of low back pain. Findings indicated that only ideokinetic imagery had a positive effect on the spinal column and low back pain. Experiment 2 extended these findings by investigating males and females using a noninvasive video analysis technique to record changes in spinal angles. The study further supports the effectiveness of ideokinetic imagery as a postural development technique in males with acute spinal angles. In these subjects spinal angles improved significantly, and the subjects reported compute cessation of low back pain. The research supports the use of ideokinetic imagery as an inexpensive and. noninvasive technique to improve poor posture and reduce low back pain. 相似文献
3.
赵梦园 《体育科技文献通报》2020,(2):157-158
下背痛是常见的、给社会造成严重经济负担的肌肉骨骼疾病。从生物力学角度出发,浅析腰椎损伤常见原因,下背痛患者正常活动、妊娠下背痛、下背痛患者治疗中的生物力学。 相似文献
4.
Cristine Lima Alberton Stephanie Santana Pinto Gabriela Neves Nunes Douglas Guerreiro dos Santos Rau Paula Finatto Amanda Haberland Antunes 《European Journal of Sport Science》2017,17(8):1013-1020
The aim of the present study was to compare the peak anterior–posterior (Fy) and medio–lateral (Fx) ground reaction forces (GRFs) of women performing stationary running at different intensities in aquatic and dry land environments. Fourteen young women performed the stationary running exercise at three cadences (first ventilatory threshold, second ventilatory threshold and maximum effort, as determined during exercise in water) in aquatic and dry land environments. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyse the data (α?=?.05). As a result, significantly lower peak Fy anterior, Fy posterior, Fx medial and Fx lateral values were observed for the aquatic environment, except for the Fy posterior at the first ventilatory threshold. Significant differences were observed between cadences in the peak Fy anterior, Fy posterior, Fx medial and Fx lateral values, with higher values for the cadence corresponding to maximum effort compared to the first ventilatory threshold, except for the Fy posterior and Fx medial in the aquatic environment. The results indicate that the horizontal GRFs are reduced in the aquatic environment and depend on the intensity of stationary running exercise performance. 相似文献
5.
慢性下腰痛患者腰部表面肌电信号的变化特征 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
在中等强度动态等惯性力运动负荷条件下采集腰部L3-L4和L5-S1部位的sEMG信号,采用快速傅立叶变换和定量递归分析与复杂度计算等方法分析研究sEMG信号变化特征,采用主动康复治疗手段观察其对腰部肌肉功能的影响。结果表明:采样部位对各项sEMG分析指标以及被试分组对AEMG的作用无明显统计学意义,而采样时间对各项sEMG分析指标以及被试分组对其它sEMG分析指标的影响均有明显统计学意义。慢性下腰痛患者的sEMG信号具有低频、不复杂和有序的信号特征,主动康复治疗对改善腰部肌肉功能具有明显的作用。 相似文献
6.
腰部损伤是国内外赛艇运动员最常见的损伤。赛艇运动员的腰痛是多因素促发导致的结果,因此对其机制的研究较有局限性。近几年对赛艇运动员腰痛机制的研究主要是流行病学及生物力学的分析,研究表明:赛艇运动过程中,运动员脊柱承受的较大应力会使其前屈后伸超过其生理的活动度,而且,较小程度地骨盆旋转以及腰-骨盆运动的不协调增加了腰椎损伤的几率;腰部损伤跟大量的测功仪训练、相关肌肉功能下降有较大的相关性。而且国外的一些研究初步说明,赛艇运动员的腰、腹、大腿等部肌肉用力明显不对称,可能也是引起腰部损伤的重要原因。 相似文献
7.
Olivier Girard Sébastien Banzet Nathalie Koulmann Mounir Chennaoui Catherine Drogou Hakim Chalabi 《European Journal of Sport Science》2018,18(10):1346-1356
We tested the hypothesis that backward downhill walking (eccentric component) impairs both voluntary activation and muscle contractile properties in the plantar flexors and delays recovery as compared to a gradient and distance-matched uphill walk. Fourteen males performed two 30-min walking exercises (velocity: 1?m/?s; grade: 25%; load: 12% of body weight), one downhill (DW) and one uphill (UP), in a counterbalanced order, separated by 6?weeks. Neuromuscular test sessions were performed before, after, 24-, 48- and 72-h post-exercise, including motor nerve stimulations during brief (5?s) and sustained (1?min) maximal isometric voluntary contractions of the plantar flexors. DW (?18.1?±?11.1%, P?.001), but not UP (?6.0?±?7.7%, P?=.15), decreased torque production during brief contractions for at least three days post-exercise (P?.05). Voluntary activation during brief contractions decreased after DW (P?.05), but not UP, and recovered by 24?h. Both UP (?9.3?±?9.0%, P?=?.024) and DW (?25.6?±?10.3%, P?.001) decreased torque production during sustained contractions but voluntary activation (P?=?.001) was lower in DW than UP. Peak twitch torque and maximum rates of torque development and relaxation were equally reduced after UP and DW (P?.05), and recovered by 24?h. DW induced an increase in muscle soreness with peak values observed 48?h post-walking (P?.001), whereas post-UP exercise changes were non-significant (all P?>?.05). Using a direct comparison, the capacity to drive the plantar flexors during sustained contractions remains sub-optimal during the three-day recovery period in response to non-exhaustive, downhill backward walking in reference to an uphill exercise matched for distance covered. 相似文献
8.
Winko W. An Vincy Wong Roy T.H. Cheung 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(4):375-383
Back injury is common in rowers. Asymmetrical lower limb reaction force on the foot stretchers during rowing may compromise trunk biomechanics and lead to back injury. However, such a mechanism remains putative. Therefore, this study examined lower limb reaction force in experienced rowers with and without a history of back injury. Six rowers who suffered from back injury for more than one week in the past year and another 19 rowers who were never injured performed maximal exertion rowing on a fixed-head rowing machine for 30 strokes. Peak force, average and peak loading rate of the lower limb reaction force during the middle 10-stroke were recorded using strain-gauge transducers placed at the foot stretchers. Asymmetries and intra-limb variability were quantified as asymmetry indices and coefficients of variation, respectively. No significant asymmetry was observed in all selected kinetic parameters between the injured and healthy rowers (p = 0.448–0.722, Hedges' g = 0.162–0.310). Subgroup analyses also did not reveal any significant kinetic differences between injured and healthy scullers or sweepers (p = 0.194–0.855, Hedges' g = 0.203–0.518). Rowers with a history of back injury, regardless of the rowing types, did not demonstrate greater lower limb reaction force asymmetry when compared with healthy rowers. 相似文献
9.
Valerie Carson John C. Spence Nicoleta Cutumisu Normand Boule Joy Edwards 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):392-399
Little research has examined seasonal differences in physical activity (PA) levels among children. Proxy reports of PA were completed by 1,715 parents on their children in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Total PA (TPA) minutes were calculated, and each participant was classified as active, somewhat active, or inactive. Logistic regression models were conducted to examine associations between PA status and seasons. Significant seasonal differences were observed for TPA, weekday PA, weekend PA, and active play. Children were significantly more likely to be physically active in the summer and spring and somewhat physically active in the summer and fall, relative to winter. Children living in cold climates are less likely to be physically active in the winter 相似文献
10.
Stéphanie Grosdent Christophe Demoulin Carlos Rodriguez de La Cruz Romain Giop Marco Tomasella Jean-Michel Crielaard 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(11):1021-1029
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the history of low back pain and quality of lumbopelvic motor control in soccer players. Forty-three male elite soccer players (mean age, 18.2 ± 1.4 years) filled in questionnaires related to low back pain and attended a session to assess lumbopelvic motor control by means of five tests (the bent knee fall out test, the knee lift abdominal test, the sitting knee extension test, the waiter’s bow and the transversus abdominis test). A physiotherapist, blinded to the medical history of the participants, scored (0 = failed, 1 = correct) the performance of the players for each of the tests resulting in a lumbopelvic motor control score ranging from 0 to 5. Forty-seven per cent of the soccer players reported a disabling low back pain episode lasting at least two consecutive days in the previous year. These players scored worse lumbopelvic motor control than players without a history of low back pain (lumbopelvic motor control score of 1.8 vs. 3.3, P < 0.01). The between-groups difference was particularly marked for the bent knee fall out test, the knee lift abdominal test and the transversus abdominis test (P < 0.01). In conclusion, most soccer players with a history of low back pain had an altered lumbopelvic motor control. Further research should examine whether lumbopelvic motor control is etiologically involved in low back pain episodes in soccer players. 相似文献
11.
研究目的:对腰痛羽毛球运动员的部分功能进行测试,观察其活动范围、肌肉力量、肌电活动以及相应对称性。为了解羽毛球运动员损伤机制发生提供科学依据。研究对象:6名腰痛羽毛球运动员(男运动员4名,女运动员2名)。研究方法:对研究对象分别进行日本矫正外科协会(JOA)评分量表、躯干旋转、胸椎旋转、髋关节内外旋活动度、躯干等速旋转力量、等长背伸活动的肌电活动测试,并观察两侧差异比的平均值。研究结果:(1)腰痛运动员的躯干旋转、胸椎旋转以及髋关节外旋活动度平均差异比为(31.98±21.53)%,(19.8±17.08)%,(13.81±4.43)%大于10%,仅髋关节内旋活动度平均差异比为(5.62±5.63)%小于10%。胸椎和髋关节旋转动度有减小的趋势;(2)等速躯干旋转两侧峰力矩和平均功率差异没有显著性意义,峰力矩平均差异比为(5.45±1.78)%小于10%,而平均功率平均差异比为(12.78±11.40)%大于10%;(3)在等长背伸活动中,竖脊肌肌电活动的平均两侧差异比为(14.18±9.84)%大于10%,而多裂肌肌电活动的平均两侧差异比(9.90±7.92)%接近10%;竖脊肌和多裂肌的中位频率斜率(Median Frequency slope,MFs)均出现下降的趋势,但两侧差异比为(4.68±3.17)%,(5.35±5.40)%小于10%。结论:(1)腰痛羽毛球运动员躯干旋转、胸椎旋转、髋关节外旋活动范围存在对称性问题,且胸椎旋转、髋关节旋转有减少趋势;(2)躯干等速旋转平均功率存在对称性问题;(3)等长背伸任务中,竖脊肌和多裂肌出现疲劳,肌电活动存在对称性问题。 相似文献
12.
13.
研究目的:探索针对性核心训练对存在腿长差异特征的非特异性腰疼人群的长期疗效。研究方法:筛查出48名存在腿长差异特征的非特异性腰疼人群,将其分为实验组(n=24)和对照组(n=24)。对照组采取核心训练,实验组采取针对改善长腿差异的核心训练。观察各组治疗前、治疗后及治疗结束一个月后时视态模拟评分法(Visual Analogue Scales,VAS)、日本骨科学会评分(Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores,JOA)并观察疗效。实验结果:实验前,两组受试者VAS、JOA均无显著性差异(p> 0.05)。两组受试者实验前较实验后、实验后一个月VAS均降低(p <0.01),JOA均升高(p <0.01)。治疗结束一个月后,实验组VAS低于对照组(p <0.01)、实验组JOA高于对照组(p <0.05)。结论:针对改善腿长差异的核心训练对比单纯核心训练对于改善存在腿长差异的非特异性腰疼人群长期疗效、主观感受、疼痛程度、腰椎功能效果更优。 相似文献
14.
研究非特异性腰痛(non-specific low back pain,NLBP)患者的腰骶结构特征及其影响因素。方法:招募筛选NLBP患者71例(NLBP组)及29例无腰痛的健康人群(Con组)。填写问卷评估疼痛程度和腰功能障碍,并分别拍摄矢状面及额状面的X光片,测定腰椎前凸程度和骨盆侧倾程度的相关指标。研究发现:①NLBP组腰椎前凸程度与Con组相比无显著性差异(P>0.05);②NLBP组与Con组相比骨盆发生明显侧倾(P<0.05);③性别对NLBP患者腰骶结构没有影响;④不同年龄的NLBP患者腰椎结构有发生不同的改变,青年患者与中老年患者相比,腰骶出现了显著的腰曲变直(P<0.05)及骨盆侧倾(P<0.01);⑤症状也会影响NLBP患者的腰椎前凸程度(P<0.05)。研究结论:①骨盆侧倾是NLBP患者的共性,可将该指标用于临床诊断和疗效评估;②不同年龄、性别和症状的NLBP患者进行康复时应有针对性。 相似文献
15.
目的:探讨不同方式有氧运动对中、老年女性非特异性腰痛的缓解作用。方法:选120名非特异性腰痛患者随机分为4组。B、C、D组分别参加为期9个月的健身走、太极拳、健身瑜伽训练,A组为对照组无训练计划。训练前、后分别对各组骶棘肌肌电进行测试。对结果进行疗效判定。结果:B、C、D3组腰背肌肌电图波幅均高于训练前(P<0.05),时程均低于训练前(P<0.05),D组在各时段的变化均具有非常显著性差异(P<0.01);组间疗效比较D组优于其他组别(P<0.01)。结论:健身走、太极拳锻炼均能增加患者腰背肌肌肉力,对中老年女性非特异性腰痛具有一定的缓解作用,健身瑜伽练习作用优于健身走和太极拳锻炼,疗效显著。 相似文献
16.
目的:探索骨关节活力操对青年白领柔韧性的影响和作用,为大众健身提供理论依据。方法:随机招募60名20-39岁青年白领接受12周,每周3次,每次45分钟的骨关节活力操练习,12周训练前后分别进行关节活动度、转肩握距、俯卧背伸、坐位体前屈等柔韧性指标的测试。结果:1.骨关节活力操练习可以显著增加青年白领肩关节伸展、内收活动度。2.骨关节活力操练习可以显著改善青年白领髋关节伸展、外展活动度。3.骨关节活力操练习可以显著改善青年白领踝关节背屈活动度。4.骨关节活力操练习对青年白领转肩握距、俯卧背伸、坐位体前屈均有良好的促进作用。结论:骨关节活力操融入了日常生活的身体功能训练,可以有效改善青年白领柔韧性,对于保持关节活动度,对抗因增龄和活动减少带来的柔韧性下降,有非常良好的效果,可以降低静坐少动以及不良身体姿势带来的身体隐性损害,是白领全民健身的良好选择。 相似文献
17.
慢性肾脏疾病是复杂的威胁公共健康的疾病。慢性肾病与高致死率、高发病率、高治疗费用相关。肾脏纤维化是肾脏慢性病变的病理形态表现,是指在各种致病因子如炎性因子,机械性损伤,药物等导致的细胞外基质(extracellarmatrix。ECM)合成增多降解减少,肾小球基底膜增厚,最终影响肾脏功能。目前关于慢性肾病的研究重要集中在药物筛选方面,而运动是否能改善慢性肾脏疾病的研究较少。本文通过文献资料法与逻辑推理相结合的方法总结运动与慢性肾脏疾病的研究,总结指出:1适当的运动通过减弱肾脏病变引起的纤维化程度,改善慢性肾脏疾病。2运动可以通过调解TGF-β1/Smad信号通路改善慢性肾脏疾病 相似文献
18.
目的:探讨Hatha瑜伽对非特异性下腰痛患者康复的影响.方法:将60例NLBP患者随机均分为实验组和对照组.实验组采用Hatha瑜伽康复治疗,对照组采用走罐康复治疗.以Roland-Morris功能障碍调查(RMDQ)、疼痛程度视觉模拟量尺(VAS)、腰背肌耐力、腰椎关节活动度为测评依据,对患者治疗前、治疗6周、停止治疗6个月后的测定指数进行测评.结果:1)治疗6周后,实验组和对照组Roland-Morris评分和VAS评分较治疗前均显著下降(P<0.01),实验组显著低于对照组(P<0.05);实验组腰背肌耐力和腰椎关节活动度较治疗前均显著上升(P<0.01),对照组耐力和活动度无明显差异(P>0.05).2)停止治疗6个月后,两组组内各项指标停治前后比较,实验组差异不显著(P>0.05),对照组VAS和RMDQ评分明显上升(P<0.05),肌耐力和关节活动度无明显变化(P>0.05).结论:Hatha瑜伽、走罐治疗均能不同程度的减缓NLBP患者的疼痛.Hatha瑜伽作用优于走罐治疗,在停治一段时间后,瑜伽更能维持疗效,抑制复发,效果优于走罐治疗. 相似文献
19.
Purpose:This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of wearable devices for improving physical activity and healthrelated outcomes in cancer survivors.Methods:CINAHL,Cochrane,Ebscohost,MEDLINE,Pubmed,ProQuest Health and Medical Complete,ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source,ScienceDirect,and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for randomized controlled trials published before September 1,2020,that evaluated interventions involving wearable devices in cancer survivors.Standardized mean differences(SMDs)were calculated to assess effects on physical activity and health-related outcomes.Subgroup analyses were conducted to assess whether the effects differed by interventions and cancer characteristics.Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.Results:Thirty-five trials were included(breast cancer,n=15,43%).Intervention durations ranged between 4 weeks and 1 year.Most trials(n=25,71%)involved pedometer-based physical activity interventions.Seven(20%)involved Fitbit-based interventions,and 3(9%)involved other wearable physical activity trackers(e.g.,Polar,Garmin).Compared to usual care,wearable devices had moderate-to-large effects(SMD range 0.54-0.87,p<0.001)on moderate-intensity physical activity,moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity,total physical activity,and daily steps.Compared to usual care,those in the intervention had higher quality of life,aerobic fitness,physical function,and reduced fatigue(SMD range=0.18-0.66,all p<0.05).Conclusion:Wearable physical activity trackers and pedometers are effective tools that increase physical activity and improve health-related outcomes in individuals with cancer.Identifying how these devices can be implemented for longer-term use with other intervention components remains an area for future research. 相似文献
20.
下腰痛(Low Back Pain,LBP)是骨科和康复科的常见疾病,其发病率以及复发率均很高,严重影响了患者的工作能力和生活质量,已经逐渐成为严重的全球性社会和经济问题。运动疗法即医疗体育,是一种重要的康复手段,其康复作用已经逐渐受到医学界和体育界的广泛重视,但是LBP运动疗法的具体训练计划还存在很多问题有待解决,如训练的强度、频率及持续时间等。本文将综述运动疗法在LBP康复治疗中的应用进展。 相似文献