非良构型问题解决的复习策略研究

创设非良构问题情境，提升阅读能力和信息提取能力；探究非常规的解题策略，明晰非良构问题解决程序；设计结构化题组，夯实解题图式，坚固模型；从而提升学生问题解决能力。     

中学化学实施研究性教学浅议

一、创设学习情境，培养学生探究精神 探究精神是指敏锐地把握机会，敢于挑战，敢于付诸探究行动的精神状态．要培养探究型人才，最重要的是如何创设一种有利于激发人的探究动机和发挥人的探究潜能的学习情境．怎样才能创设一种宽松、活泼的学习情境．教师可从如下几方面着手：（1）允许学生打断教师的讲话或对教师的观点提出评价，随时讲出自己的探究体会或好的解题思想方法；     

新课程下生物学教堂中探究题的编制

就普通高中课程标准实验教科书<生物>必修部分一节课的教学中探究题的编制,通过解题探究;激励;发掘知识的有用性,启迪动机;运用对比,创设问题情境;设计认识冲突;解题;分组探究,创设竞争情境;巡回检查,洞察学生反应;评定等环节,创设了以"解题探究"为中心的探究教学方法.     

小学英语教学中创设问题情境的有效路径探析

阐述创设问题情境的教学价值。分析创设问题情境的基本原则，包括趣味性原则、指导性原则、探究性原则和实效性原则。结合教学实例，探究小学英语教学中如何创设问题情境。提出创设趣味性问题情境，激发认知兴趣；创设指导性问题情境，指引认知方向；创设探究性问题情境，启迪认知动力；创设交流性问题情境，推动认知互动；创设表现性问题情境，强化认知展示；创设创新性问题情境，实现认知能动等路径。     

数学课堂“自主探究、合作交流、和谐创新”教学——《“引进信息反馈技术构建互动教学模式”研究》课题

数学教师应怎样在课堂上组织学生进行”自学探究、合作交流、和谐创新”式学习，运用生活事例创设问题情境，诱发学生自主探究热情；挖掘生活素材，点燃学生自学、探究、自主解决数学问题的决心和信心；让学生切实体验到自学探究、和谐创新的喜悦与合作交流的乐趣；合作学习培养学生探究性学习和创新意识。让学生真正经历探究与发现的过程，获得解决数学问题的能力，最大程度地促进他们数学思维与解题能力的发展。     

基于情境认知理论的大学英语阅读创新教学研究

阐述情境教学在英语课堂中的有效性认同和必要性。介绍情境认知理论的核心运用观点。探索基于情境认知理论的大学英语阅读教学创新做法，即创设文章内容情境，激发学生的兴趣并拓展思维；创建合作情境，打造亲临氛围，促进互动学习交流；创设探究情境，打开创新思维，激发潜能；增添生活情境，保持新、旧知识的相互助力。     

基于生活情境的小学道德与法治教学

在小学道德与法治课堂中，教师应创设生活情境，唤醒学生道德经验；活跃生活情境，激发学生道德情感；探究生活情境，推动学生的道德思考；践履生活情境，巩固学生的道德行为。     

小学英语课堂教学中情境创设无效的原因及对策

情境，是一种生活场面。在英语教学中，创设生动形象的情境，既能活跃课堂气氛，激发学生的学习兴趣，锻炼学生的语言能力，又能培养学生的思维能力和想象能力。然而，在具体的教学情境中，许多教师对创设情境的目的性不够明确，创设的情境价值不大，有效性不高。如有的情境创设时，教师主观臆造，不符合生活实际；有的情境离奇古怪，导致学生沉湎于情境细节而难以自拔；有的情境教师自认为很有趣，但学生却不感兴趣；有的情境信息不足，不能促进学生主动思考和探究等等。因此，研究如何创设有效的情境，具有较强的现实意义。     

中学数学问题情境的创设及理解与解题过程的认知建构

本文以中学数学教学中的数学思想和数学方法为线索,依据学生数学学习的认知规律,论述了中学数学问题情境的创设及理解与解题过程的认知建构等问题,包括中学数学教学的认知及建构性探究活动、如何创设数学教学中的问题情境、数学问题的理解与解题的认知过程等。     

如何在技校《英语》课堂设置情境培养个性激发创造力

技工学校《英语》课堂教学中可以创设质疑情境，变“机械接受”为“主动探究”；创设交流情境，变“个人竞争”为“集体合作”；创设想象情境，变“单一思维”为“多向拓展”，借以培养学生的创造个性，发展学生的创新能力，激发学生的学习兴趣。     

Laser-based manufacturing concepts for efficient production of tailor welded sheet metals

Laser welding is an established manufacturing technology for a large variety of automotive applications due to its attractive properties such as low heat input, high precision and fast welding speed. Especially when welding high strength steels, which are dominantly used in today＇s car body construction, the low heat input by laser welding bears significant advantages with regard to the properties of the weld seam. The exploitation of the full application potential of laser welding in mass production requires an appropriate manufacturing concept and corresponding auxiliary technologies. The present paper demonstrates the integration of laser welding into the surrounding manu- facturing concepts by a modular setup with different levels of automation. This approach offers flexible solutions for individual needs thereby optimizing investment cost, labor cost and productivity. Recently available laser sources enable exceptionally high welding speed on thin gauged sheet metals but require efficient material handling con- cepts to utilize the full speed potential. Industrial concepts are presented offering efficient material handling and high process robustness for mass production welding.     

Learning in the workplace for garage mechanics and technicians

Employees in technical firms, like garages, need more and more formations. Due to the very fast innovation in technology, lifelong learning is a real need for these labour forces. On the other hand, there are the needed formations very specialized and expensive. Another problem employers faced in these economical sectors in Western Europe is the lack of candidates. Also in secondary education schools, the wide interest for these formations is decreasing. One of the factors causes this problem is that schools don＇t have enough money for investing in new and high-tech machines. Therefore two interreg projects were submitted and approved for financing. Interreg is an initiative of the European Union meant for the permanent development of the ＂European Space＂. The third phase of interreg means enhancing the economic and social cohesion within the European Union. In this paper, we describe two successful projects, namely Autoweb and V@K, which try to help employers, employees, schools and students to keep up with the high-tech innovations with a workplace-based e-learning program.     

Accessibility in post secondary education： Application of UDL to college curriculum

The inclusion of students with disabilities at the university is a relatively new occurrence in the field of special education. Although legislation in the United States has supported the acceptance of students with disabilities at the post-secondary level, it has only provided minimal support with the emphasis on the learner rather than the curriculum. Now we are looking for multiple ways for students to access learning and demonstrate mastery. Universal Design for Learning （UDL） is currently seen as a means to reconceptionalize curriculum. This study examines the experience of four professors and their effort to use a Classroom Performance System （CPS） as part of reformatting their courses using UDL. The Center for Applied Special Technology, CAST （2001） states that the goal of Universal Design for Learning is to develop teaching methods that enable all students with diverse learning needs, including those with disabilities and cultural differences, to have equal access to classroom curriculum. This paradigm shift echoes the move in special education from a deficit model to a minority rights model put forward by Hahn （1989）, and which is the basis of inclusive educational philosophy. Together inclusion and UDL create learning environments that strive to serve all students. This research describes the implementation of clickers as part of the CPS program in college courses in a special education teacher preparation program. The case study demonstrates how technology can provide access for all learners with positive outcomes such as increased participation and application of knowledge. It also illustrates some of the difficulties in making this pedagogical paradigm shift particularly in the use of technology, and the value of overcoming the existing barriers in place.     

Same vague expression, different conceptualizations

The study was to investigate the vague words measurement across native and non-native English speakers and gender differences. Ninety-two students from the University of Oklahoma participated in this study by filling out an internet-based questionnaire on the vague words. The researchers put each of the thirty-two vague words in a context, or the same word put into different contexts. The participants were asked to rate the degree or the numerical value that they thought was the most appropriate in the context of the vague word. It was found that ten out of the thirty-two words had a significant difference across the native and non-native English speakers, and two of thirty-two words had a significant difference across genders. The word ＂fairly＂ showed the most significant difference interactions of language speaking by gender.     

The quantifying analysis of effectiveness of music learning through the Dalcroze musical method

Movement activities can be used to integrate with any other curriculum in childhood education. The movements can inspire the sense of rhythmic concepts for children. This study aims at investigating how children can be motivated and inspired rhythmically by body movement through Dalcroze approach. In this research, the author revealed how physical movements can motivate children＇s potential sense of rhythm and inspire children＇s interest of musical rhythmic concepts learning. The study was conducted with 1000 primary school 6th grade students from twenty primary schools in Taipei, Taiwan. These 1000 6th grade students have the same age, same music syllabus and have equally same music training at their schools. The 1000 students were divided into two equal groups, one having different activities of body movements at school, and the other without. The different activities included tapping, swinging, clapping, turning, and stamping simple rhythms. The experiments consisted two parts which were rhythm dictation and improvisational skills. All the participants were equally given the pre-test and post-test as evidences of progress of the experiment, and the researcher then compared with the differences of the two tests of the two groups before and after the experiment to see if there were any progress in their learning of musical rhythms. The study lasted 6 months and consisted of three stages： observation, comparison, and analysis. The author observed and compared the two groups of students, analyzed the results and found out that the two groups demonstrated obvious differences in their degree of progress on learning of musical rhythms.     

How intuition contributes to high performance： An educational perspective

Intuition usually is defined as the capability to act or decide appropriately without deliberately and consciously balancing alternatives, without following a certain rule or routine, and possibly without awareness （Gigerenzer, 2007; Hogarth, 2001; Klein, 2003; Myers, 2002）. It allows action which is quick （e.g. reaction to a challenging situation） and surprising, in the sense that it is extraordinary in performance level or shape. This paper reports theories of intuition and their empirical evidence in the field of professional work. It aims at reporting the state of research on intuition, discussing the relevance of different approaches for analyzing work performance, and describing challenges for future empirical research in the domain of professional working life.     

利用农村环境资源提高初中生物学教学质量

由于基础设施的限制,农村中学学生视野较窄,但他们所处的生活环境中生物资源丰富多彩．农村中学生物教学可利用得天独厚的自然资源,促进教学,激发学生的学习兴趣,引导学生更好地学习生物,认识生物资源与人们生活的密切关系,促进学生的资源保护意识,培养高尚的情操。     

概念图在高中生物复习总结中应用的初探

高中生物复习课教学是师生双方从新的视角对所学知识进行系统梳理、深化、拓宽及灵活应用的教与学的过程．应用概念图可以有效地组织课程内容,激发学生自主构建生物学知识体系,使知识概括化、网络化,并能灵活地迁移．     

Correlation between process parameters and primary dendrite arm spacing in laser welding of Cu and Al

A combined numerical model of thermal field and the primary dendrite arm spacing （PDAS） was proposed to correlate the process parameters and PDAS in laser welding of Cu and A1. The solidification parameters simulated by the finite volume method with commercial software ANASYS FLUENT were applied in the PDAS model to predict the dendrite arm spacing of fusion zone. Dendrite was also examined by the metallographic method to validate the model. Results indicate that the calculated PDAS agrees with metallographic measurements reasonably, especially the Hunt model. PDAS increases apparently with increasing laser power while decreases slightly with increasing welding speed. Increasing laser power increases the secondary dendrite and increasing welding speed increases the microporosity in dendrite.