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1.
高中生高等教育需求的经济动因分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
本文通过估计高中生期望的高等教育回报率及其高等教育需求的影响,检验了人力资本理论的基本假设。研究表明,高中生对高等教育的市场回报率有比较准确的预期,他们的高等教育需求也受其期望的高等教育回报率的显著影响。个体的高等教育需求与人力资本理论的解释是一致的,即个体对高等教育的需求,受高等教育的经济回报所激励。  相似文献   

2.
This article examines the determinants of the salaries that Spanish university graduates earn on the labor market. Different earnings equations are estimated that allow us to measure the economic returns to investment in human capital at the university level, demonstrating that: on the one hand, considering schooling to be an exogenous variable gives a downward bias to the estimations of the private rates of return to an university education; on the other hand, not taking into account the aspects of the demand-side of the labor market in the traditional Mincerian earnings function, even though schooling is considered as an endogenous variable, the rates of return estimated for an university education would be given an upward bias. The problem concerning the endogeneity of schooling has been corrected in this article by using the instrumental variables technique.  相似文献   

3.
对中国城市教育收益率的实证分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
对2000年中国35个城市工资价位抽样数据分析显示,高中教育收益率低于高等教育收益率;另外,中国城市教育收益率已高于发达国家,但教育收益率在地区间呈不平衡状态,东部地区各级教育收益率都高于西部地区。这一估计结果对我们制定科学合理的人力资本投资战略具有指导意义。  相似文献   

4.
本文从人力资本与大学生就业率之间的线形回归模型出发,实证检验得出:人力资本水平与大学生就业率之间存在一种负向作用关系。为了更好分析这个问题,根据我国当前经济社会发展情况,深入探讨分析教育与人力资本投资问题,进而提出解决大学生就业难问题的根源就是要与当地经济发展相一致,与市场人才需求相吻合,培养多层次、多类别的人才。  相似文献   

5.
Nearly 60 percent of college students today are women. Using longitudinal data on a nationally representative cohort of eighth grade students in 1988, I examine two potential explanations for the differential attendance rates of men and women—returns to schooling and non-cognitive skills. The attendance gap is roughly five percentage points for all high school graduates. Conditional on attendance, however, there are few differences in type of college, enrollment status or selectivity of institution. The majority of the attendance gap can be explained by differences in the characteristics of men and women, despite some gender differences in the determinants of college attendance. I find that higher non-cognitive skills and college premiums among women account for nearly 90 percent of the gender gap in higher education. Interestingly, non-cognitive factors continue to influence college enrollment after controlling for high school achievement.  相似文献   

6.
College students select majors for a variety of reasons, including expected returns in the labor market. This paper demonstrates an empirical method linking a census of US degrees and fields of study with measures of the knowledge content of jobs. The study combines individual wage and employment data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) with ratings on 27 knowledge content areas from the Occupational Information Network (O*NET), thus providing measures of the economy-wide knowledge content of jobs. Fields of study and corresponding BA degree data from the Digest of Education Statistics for 1976–1977 through 2001–2002 are linked to these 27 content areas. We find that the choice of college major is responsive to changes in the knowledge composition of jobs and, more problematically, the wage returns to types of knowledge. Women's degree responsiveness to knowledge content appears to be stronger than men's, but their response to wage returns is weak.  相似文献   

7.
国家助学贷款对高等教育个人收益率的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
人力资本理论认为教育是一项能给个人带来收益的投资。借助学生贷款完成高等教育将改变个人的教育成本和收益,并影响借贷者的高等教育个人收益率。本文研究国家助学贷款政策对高等教育个人收益率的影响程度,以及不同的还款方案对高等教育个人收益率作用的大小。  相似文献   

8.
欧洲人力资本收益率:文献综述   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
本文对欧洲十五个国家近期人力资本收益率的研究方法和成果进行了评述,包括数据采编、模型构建、变量定义与控制、估计工具选择以及对人力资本收益率的定性评价等,希望能对我国人力资本收益率研究有重要的借鉴和参考价值。  相似文献   

9.
由于我国市场经济发育尚不成熟,高等教育产业化的基础还不牢固,“激进”的高等教育产业化会引发许多问题:学费负担重、毕业生价值缩水和就业困难等。高等教育规模之所以能迅速扩张,是因为巧妙地利用了国家信用。另外,在“激进”的高等教育产业化背景下,目前国内的人力资本理论研究在人力资本核算方面存在较大误差。  相似文献   

10.
通过探讨我国高等教育投入不足的现实困难以及为什么要引入民间资本来促进我国高等教育发展的问题,而对民间资本投入高等教育领域的可行性进行分析。最后提出了民间资本投入高等教育领域的途径和机制。  相似文献   

11.
大学作为“人类社会的动力站”。在文明为断延伸的历程中,担当了不可替代的角色,始终与国家的兴盛同步前行。而大学的兴盛,离不开富有智慧、经验、人格魅力和开拓创新精神的卓越领导者-大学校长。本文从大学校长为什么要成为高等教育研究者,校长作为研究者研究的特点,以及支持校长成为研究者的条件和策略等三个层面阐述高等教育研究与大学校长的关系问题。  相似文献   

12.
我国研究型大学成人高等教育的资源投入十分有限,普遍以学历教育为主,教学内容实用性不强,学生工学矛盾突出,各种学习形式融合度低,教学站点布局缺乏市场化。在高水平大学的建设进程中,研究型大学要正确定位成人高等教育与普通高等教育的关系,全方位开展非学历继续教育培训,树立顾客导向意识,确保教育教学质量,真正把全面提高人的综合素质作为成人高等教育办学的根本宗旨。  相似文献   

13.
高等教育作为人力资本投资的方式之一,在人才培养及人力资本存量积累方面起着重要的作用。随着1997年我国开始实行高等院校\"扩招\"政策,我国高等教育的普及规模再一次扩大,然而近些年高等教育在发展的过程中遇到一些问题,严重阻碍我国高等教育事业的前进步伐。基于人力资本投资理论,我们有必要剖析我国高等教育存在的问题,并从个人投资者、高校和政府的角度提出建议,希望对我国高等教育事业的良性发展有所帮助。  相似文献   

14.
The paper examines data on references tostudents made by manager-academics in 16 UKuniversities whilst giving accounts of theircareers and practices, and reflecting onaspects of the current roles and priorities ofhigher education institutions. The issuesraised are of wider interest than the UK, sincethe contradictory pressures of teaching andresearch and learning versus seeking newsources of funding are common to highereducation in many countries. The focus andmethodology of the Economic and Social ResearchCouncil funded project on which the paper isbased are outlined, before discussing how thetheoretical interests of the project relate tothe student, the ways in which the student is asignificant aspect of current higher educationpolicies, and the contested status and identityof the student in higher education discourseand research. The changing nature of thestudent population, the relationship betweenmanager-academics' concerns with the studentand their institutional context, their majorpreoccupations in their roles, and how thesepreoccupations relate to level of seniority inmanagement are also considered. We concludethat whilst current UK higher education policyemphasises the student, responses atinstitutional and individual levels focus onorganisational, resource and time implicationsof the student body, rather than the studenthim/herself. Furthermore, it is noted thatsenior manager-academics roles tend to removetheir incumbents from contact with students. It is suggested that manager-academics needboth more contact with students and moreunderstanding of their situation andconcerns.  相似文献   

15.
本研究通过电大远程开放教育本科在校生的数据,利用明瑟收入函数计算了电大远程开放教育的明瑟收益率,比较了性别差异与所有制差异。结果发现学习者每多接受一年的远程开放教育(专科起点的本科),其收入能够显著提高6.9%;女性的明瑟收益率显著高于男性;公立部门的明瑟收益率显著高于私立部门。  相似文献   

16.
人力资本理论的基本观点认为教育投入是人力资本的核心,同时教育投入的主要收益来自于人力资本对经济的贡献。在我国的城镇化进程中,中西部地区的人力资本大量净输出,这种人力资本的净输出导致教育财政投入与收益归属不对等,且影响着我国义务教育财政投入机制的运行。运用人力资本理论分析我国义务教育财政投入机制,能够确定各级政府在义务教育财政投入中的“投入——收益”状况.为优化我国义务教育财政投入机制提供政策依据。  相似文献   

17.
本文应用人力资本和社会资本理论,探讨了中国高等教育需求中的城乡差异。研究表明:在控制其他因素以后,城乡高中生对高等教育有着同样强烈的需求,但学生的城乡背景与影响高等教育需求的人力资本和社会资本因素之间存在交互作用:(1)当高等教育预期收益率较低时,农村学生比城市学生更希望接受高等教育;当高等教育预期收益率较高时,城市学生比农村学生更希望接受高等教育。(2)当家庭网络资源较少时,农村学生比城市学生更希望接受高等教育;当家庭网络资源较多时,城市学生比农村学生更希望接受高等教育。农村低社会经济地位的学生对高等教育的旺盛需求表明,接受高等教育几乎是他们改变其不利社会地位、实现流动的惟一渠道。扩大农村学生的高等教育机会,是改善城乡差异的重要手段。政府应该在教育财政和招生等方面进行制度创新以回应此类教育需求。  相似文献   

18.
在市场经济条件下高等教育越来越多地被人们视作一种理性投资行为,对教育活动成本和预期收益的判断成为政府部门和受教育者个人投资决策的重要参考因素。通过调查问卷,运用教育经济学的内部收益率法对聋人高等工科教育个人投资的成本收益进行分析。研究发现。我国聋人高等工科教育个体投资的内部收益率约为11%。结果表明:1.聋人接受高等工科教育具有正的内部收益率;2.聋人接受高等工科教育的内部收益率低于普通高等教育。  相似文献   

19.
    
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(4):400-415
This article describes a novel UK school/university partnership, the Plymouth Model designed to encourage young people from disadvantaged backgrounds to aim for higher education (HE) study. The model incorporates the activity of university students, researchers and teachers working together to improve aspirations and outcomes for pupils and potentiate their own intellectual, professional and personal development. Background policy and curriculum development models are outlined and a UK study in which inner city primary and secondary school teachers’ views and pupils’ aspirations were gauged before and after the school/university partnership model was implemented. The intervention led to a significant increase in pupils’ motivation to go on to HE study and findings further suggest that the problem of aspiration and motivation for progression to HE may lie not with the pupils themselves, or with their parents or carers but with their teachers. The serious implications of the findings for policy and practice are discussed and suggestions made for future research.  相似文献   

20.
伴随着高等教育现代化进程的到来,现代高校逐渐从社会的边缘走向社会的中心,其社会服务的功能日益凸显,而社会组织作为提供社会服务的主体力量,其参与高校治理的诉求愈来愈强烈,且发挥着无可替代的作用。我们力图在达到高等教育现代化背景下高校\"善治\"目标的基础上,依照国内外社会参与高校治理的成功实践,探究社会主动参与高校治理的功能。  相似文献   

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