浅谈日语被动表现形式及其汉译方法

本文以日语中使用频率较高的被动句为切入点,对日语的被动表现形式及其汉译方法做一初步探讨。虽然日语的被动表现和汉语的被动句有相同之处,但日语的被动表现并不完全等于汉语的被动式。因此,汉译时不能一味地译成汉语的被动句,要根据被动句的类型及上下文语境,选择合适的译法。     

主位推进与主动句、被动句的选择

主动句与被动句的选择是修辞学感兴趣的一个课题。根据语句内容“旧信息——新信息”的顺序理论,分析主动句和被动句主位信息的性质。在话语中主动句与被动句的使用应视上文提供的施事与受事的情形而定,如上句提供的已知信息是施事,下句宜采用主动句;上句提供的已知信息是受事,下句宜选用被动句。     

日语被动句的演变轨辙

从表达形式和语义特征两个方面,对日语被动句的演变轨辙进行了梳理,兼与汉语被动句进行了对比。在表达形式上日语被动句自古至今是一脉相承的。早期中日被动句在被动标记的选择上非常相似,其中日语的被动标记“の（が）たぬに”是受汉语“为”的影响产生的。在语义上中日被动句经历了非常相似的发展历程。     

《颜氏家训》被动句类型考察

《颜氏家训》里有大量的被动句,这些被动句有不同的类型。从总体上又可分为两类,一是没有形式标志的被动句,一是有形式标志的被动句。其中,有形式标志被动句中,根据标志形式的不同,这类被动句可分为＂蒙＂字类被动句、＂可＂字类被动句、＂于＂字句、＂见＂字句、＂被＂字句、＂为＂字句等。这些被动句基本体现了古汉语被动句的特征,也基本反映了南北朝时汉语被动句的使用情况。     

论古汉语中的被动句

被动句是汉语中的一种特殊句式。一般认为,主语是受事的,句子就叫做被动句。被动句又分为两类:一类是意念被动句,它是一种没有形式标志的被动句;另一类是有形式标志的被动句。其中,无形式标志的被动句只能从主语同谓语之间的语义关系上去理解,而有形式标志的被动句常见的有四种形式,分别是"被"字被动句式、"见"字被动句式、"于"字被动句式、"为"字被动句式。     

古代汉语中被动句的使用策略

实际上,被动句是叙述句的一种,被动句之所以被归为古代汉语中常见的特殊句式,主要是因为句中的主语受到了动词谓语的动作支配和干预。古汉语中的被动句有两大类型,即有标志的被动句和无标志的被动句,本文针对以＂于、为、见、被＂为标志的被动句的使用策略进行了阐释。     

近代汉语被动句的两层次分类

对近代汉语被动句,先根据有无主语进行分类,分出“有主语被动句“和“无主语被动句“.然后根据受动者出现的次数,对有主语被动句作第二层次的分类,分出“受事一现被动句“和“受事二现被动句“;同时根据有无受动者,对无主语被动句作第二层次的分类,分出“有受事无主语被动句“和“无受事无主语被动句“.通过这么两次两层次的分类,近代汉语被动句的句式就形成了系统,具备了整体性、结构性、层次性、开放性.     

文言文被动句式例析

被动句是文言文中的一种特殊句式。所谓被动,是指主语与谓语之间的关系是被动关系,也就是说,主语是谓语动词所表示的行为的被动者、受事者,而不是主动者、实施者。在古汉语中,被动句主要有两大类型:一是有标志的被动句,即借助一些被动词来表示;二是无标志的被动句,又叫意念被动句。下面分别加以说明。一、有标志的被动句     

探析古汉语中的被动句

被动句是指主语和谓语动词之间的关系是被动关系的句子,即主语是谓语动词所表示的动作行为的承受者、受事者的句子。被动句根据有无形式标志,可分为无标志的被动句即意念上的被动句和有标志的被动句即被动式两种。该文即从意念上的被动句和被动式两方面进行分析辨别,解决古汉语中被动句式难以识别和处理的难点问题。     

英汉被动句的互译

英汉被动句有各自的特点.英语被动句可译成有形式标志的汉语被动句,译成带有被动含义的汉语主动句,和译为具有完全意义的汉语主动句.汉语被动句译成英语亦然.     

卡思卡特城堡

It is worthy of noting that, whilst Crookston Castle witnessed the earlier and happier portion of Mary's variegated life,     

不同的吃喝玩乐

一、吃和喝吃苹果 eat an apple, 吃药 take medicine,吃糖 have some sweets,吃饭 have one's meals,吃馆子 dine out,吃惊 be surprised/     

漏洞百出的教育

Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help?     

Western and Eastern culture differences in commercial field

The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity.     

只要努力,不要后悔

There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love.     

浅谈移民问题

Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject.     

风的曲线

Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose.     

Sister Carrie, an Adherent of Desires

Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities.     

Improvement of one-cycle controller by use of proportional integral differential controller

1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec…