Free final time fractional optimal control problems

A formulation and solution scheme of free final time fractional optimal control problems is presented in this paper. The dynamic constraint is described by a fractional differential equation. Performance index considered is a function of both the state and control variables. The necessary conditions of optimality and the transversality condition are obtained using Lagrange multiplier technique. A numerical technique similar to Shooting method is used for solving the optimal conditions. Numerical example is provided to show the effectiveness of the formulation and numerical solution scheme. It is interesting to note that the final time changes with the interchange of the boundary conditions, which does not occur in classical optimal control problems.     

关于发展泰山旅游经济优势的思考

针对中国目前人们对旅游消费支出的急剧上升状况,特别是2000年5月1日,全国爆发的旅游“井喷”现象,已经证明了中国目前大众旅游消费开始启动,作为拥有世界自然与文化双重遗产-泰山这一重要旅游资源的泰安市,应该如何利用有利的条件,来发展泰安市的经济。就这一问题,系统地从经济经济学和城市可持续发展的角度进行了分析,并提出 了相应的对策。     

浅谈旅游合同中旅行社与旅游者的权利和义务

本文旨在本着民法平等、公平的原则，通过借鉴和参考各国或地区的立法例，来对旅游合同中旅行社的权利和义务以及旅游者的权利和义务加以初步探讨，阐述本人对此的相关看法。     

Existence, continuation, and uniqueness problems of stochastic impulsive systems with time delay

This paper studies stochastic impulsive systems with time delay, where the impulse times are state-dependent. Using Itô calculus, we develop the essential foundation of the theory of the mentioned system. In particular, we establish results on local and global existence, forward continuation, and uniqueness of adapted solutions.     

Personal autonomy in the travel panopticon

I argue in this paper that the development and convergence of information and communication technologies (ICT) is creating a global network of surveillance capabilities which affect the traveler. These surveillance capabilities are reminiscent of 18th century philosopher Jeremy Bentham’s panopticon, and as such the emerging global surveillance network has been referred to as the travel panopticon. I argue that the travel panopticon is corrosive of personal autonomy, and in doing so I describe and analyse various philosophical approaches to personal autonomy.     

Nested backward compensation of unmatched perturbations via HOSM observation

This paper tackles the compensation problem of linear time invariant systems affected by unmatched perturbations. The proposed methodology exploits a high order sliding mode observer, guaranteeing theoretically exact state and perturbation estimation. A compensation based strategy is proposed to cope with the unmatched perturbations. The compensation of the desired coordinate is carried through a nested backward sliding surface design, which compensates some of the non-actuated state components, while the remaining states are maintained to be bounded. The feasibility of the technique was tested in an active suspension vehicle system.¹     

对落后地区科协工作的思考——兼论科协工作社会环境评价

本文试图着眼于落后地区科协工作,社会环境的评价建立定量分析手段并根据这种评价就落后地区科协工作提出一些对策和建议.     

Optimal boundary control of heat conduction problems on an infinite time domain by control parameterization

The present paper deals with an optimal boundary control problem in which the process of systems under consideration is governed by a linear parabolic partial differential equation over an infinite time interval. The objective of the paper is to determine the optimal boundary control that minimize a given energy-based performance measure. The performance measure is specified as a quadratic functional of displacement and a suitable penalty term involving the boundary controls. In order to determine the optimal boundary controls, the problem with boundary controls are converted into a problem with distributed controls. The modal space technique is then used to reduce the system into the optimal control of time invariant lumped parameter system. The associated system of uncoupled first order initial value problems is solved in terms of controllers. Next step deals with the computation of the control and trajectory of the linear time-invariant lumped parameter. For this we approximate the controllers by a finite number of orthogonal exponential zero-interpolants over the interval [0,∞). The resultant performance index after using the optimality condition leads to a system of linear algebraic equations. The suggested technique is easy to implement on digital computer. We provide a numerical example to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the proposed approach.     

门诊护理存在的问题及对策

门诊是医院的"窗口",是医院联系社会的"桥梁",护理质量的高低直接影响着医院的社会效益和经济效益,关系着病人获得的服务质量,作为门诊管理者要善于发现问题,及时总结经验,提高门诊护理质量,使病人得到高质量的护理.     

旅行社员工绩效考核指标设计

基于构建旅行社绩效管理体系为前提,探讨如何设计合理的可操作性强的旅行社员工绩效考核指标,以充分调动员工的积极性,保证绩效管理在旅行社管理中发挥作用,实现旅行社的发展战略目标。     

旅行社产品创新保护机制构建

旅行社产品创新是旅行社生存和发展的基础。针对目前我国旅行社产品创新面临的尴尬局面,指出必须通过建立旅行社产品经营使用权市场、发挥旅游行业协会的作用、创新营销理念、开发专利旅游纪念品、树立旅行社产品品牌等措施,实现构建旅行社产品创新保护机制。     

实时超声诊断肠梗阻的价值

本文分析32例肠梗阻的实时超声诊断资料。诊断准确率为90．6％(29／32)。肠梗阻的声像图特诊为：肠腔扩张，肠袢积气，积液，肠粘膜皱襞水肿增厚，肠蠕动增强。实时超声对肠袢充满液体的肠梗阻的诊断有重要价值。