试论职高生英语学习兴趣的再培养

本文分析了职高生英语学习兴趣现状及成因，提出了职高生英语学习兴趣再培养的途径：以语音教学为切入点，唤醒兴趣；改进课堂教学模式，激发兴趣；运用形成性评价，保护兴趣；注重学法指导，发展兴趣。     

论职业教育与劳动的互动关系

职业教育是劳动的产物,二既互相制约,又互相促进。劳动的发展、劳动分工和劳动组织的变化对职业教育的内容、形式、体制、价值取向等产生重要影响,而职业教育通过提高受教育的能力和素质,促进人们的劳动就业,优化并提高劳动的效率和效益,推动社会经济的发展。     

浅析体育运动与学生个性的关系

强调体育运动对学生个性发展的影响，阐述体育运动与个性的相互关系以及学生对体育的态度问题，探讨通过体育教育培养学生良好个性的条件。     

论职业教育的社会认同和职业教育发展之间的关系

一些人认为职业教育的社会认同和职业教育的发展是一种因果关系，只要通过教育或法令的形式来提高人们对职业教育的社会认同，就能促进职业教育的发展，摆脱职业教育目前发展的困境，作者认为这种观点是是怀疑的，需要探讨几个问题。首先，目前人们对职业教育的社会认同感是否正确，有没有更改的必要，其次是能不能更改，再次是即使人们对职业教育的社会认同感提高了，职业教育的发展状况就一定能够改善吗？通过对职业教育发展历史的回顾，作者认为，不是人们对职业教育的社会认同促进了职业教育的发展，而是职业教育的发展促进了人们对职业教育的社会认同，前者的错误在于把一系列的偶然的联系当作了必然的因果。     

A metacognitive-motivational model of surface approach to studying

In this study, we put forward and tested a model of how surface approach to studying during examination preparation is influenced by the trait variables of motivation and metacognition and the state variables of avoidance coping and evaluation anxiety. A sample of 528 university students completed, one week before examinations, the following self-report instruments: Work Preference Inventory, Metacognitions Questionnaire 30, Revised COPE Inventory, Evaluation Anxiety Scale and Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students. Structural equation modelling indicated that metacognition directly promoted surface approach to studying. In addition, both avoidance coping and evaluation anxiety directly promoted surface approach to studying and partially mediated the relationships between traits and surface approach to studying. The implications of these findings are outlined.     

Implications for instruction arising from the relationship between approaches to studying and academic outcomes

The study used the Approaches to Studying Inventory of Ramsden and Entwistle (1981) on a sample of 1095 internal and external students at the Capricornia Institute and the Tasmanian State Institute of Technology in Australia. The inventory yields scores for sixteen sub-scales relating to approach to study. Discriminant analyses were performed separately for external and internal students, using the sub-scale scores as discriminating variables. The variables distinguished significantly between those who persisted with a course and those who withdrew or failed. Discriminant functions were also produced to distinguish students receiving pass grades from those achieving a higher grade. A different set of variables appeared in this discriminant function showing that withdrawal or drop-out could not be treated as part of a continuous scale of grades awarded. The results are discussed in terms of the relationship between input variables (eg, curriculum, instructional design and learning environment), process (approach to studying) and the output or course outcomes. Surface approach was the major discriminator between withdrawal, or failure, and persistence. The effect of study skills programmes and curriculum changes on surface approach and hence persistence is discussed.     

Individual characteristics of students in vocational education moderating the relationship between school engagement and vocational identity

In any country, there is a group of students who are at risk of dropping out of school without any qualifications. This is detrimental for many of those students, because failure to graduate increases risks of unemployment and societal exclusion. To reduce this risk, specialized curricula aim to prepare these students for their working life by fostering the development of a vocational identity, that is, how they define themselves as workers. As a prerequisite to achieving this goal, students need to attend school and feel engaged with school. The curricula seek ways to stimulate emotional school engagement, taking into account the heterogeneous target group of students they serve. To address potential consequences of individual differences, this questionnaire study (N=996) conducted in the Netherlands explored how various individual characteristics of students in these specialized curricula moderated the relationship between emotional school engagement and vocational identity. Results show that stronger school engagement always coincided with a stronger vocational identity; however, the strength of the relationship varied. Stimulating emotional school engagement was specifically important for the subgroups of students who are young, less agreeable, less motivated, and less resilient. In order to foster the vocational identity of their students, the specialized curricula are recommended to draw nuanced conclusions and formulate refined strategies to effectively respond to the heterogeneous group of students who are at risk of dropping out.

     

战后韩国职业技术教育立法的发展轨迹

经济的发展要求职业技术教育与之相适应,职业技术教育立法是促进职业技术教育发展的有力手段。战后,韩国十分重视职业技术教育的立法工作,职业技术教育的立法经历了从初始、发展,到充实、完备的发展历程,职业技术教育的立法有力地促进了韩国职业技术教育的向前发展。     

Moderating effects of personal strengths in the relationship between juvenile victimization and delinquent behaviors

BackgroundRobust evidence suggests a strong association between juvenile victimization and delinquency. Yet, there is a lack of research on the protective factors at the individual level that may buffer the relationship between victimization and delinquent behaviors.ObjectivesThis study adopted a positive psychology perspective to examine the effects of three types of personal strength (self-regulation, interpersonal, and intellectual) on the relationship between different types of victimization and delinquency.Participants and SettingData were collected from 631 Chinese migrant children (mean age = 10.52 ± 0.92 years) via convenience sampling.MethodsParticipants completed a self-reported questionnaire that assessed experiences of victimization in family, interpersonal, and community settings, involvement in delinquent behaviors, and personal strengths.ResultsThe prevalence of different delinquent behaviors was significantly higher in the victimization groups than in the non-victimization groups. Regression analyses revealed that all three types of personal strength served as direct predictors of delinquency (B_{self-regulation} = −0.46, SE_{self-regulation} = .09, p < .001; B_{interpersonal strength} = −0.23, SE_{interpersonal strength} = .06, p < .001; B_{intellectual strength} = −0.19, SE_{intellectual strength} = .05, p < .001), while self-regulation further moderated the victimization-delinquency relationship. When self-regulation was high, the association between victimization and delinquency was significantly weaker than when self-regulation was low.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that personal strengths are important protective factors for youth exposed to experiences of victimization. Identifying methods to help victims recognize, develop, and use their personal strengths should be integral to support and intervention efforts for young victims.     

浅谈思想政治课学习兴趣的激发

学生的学习兴趣直接关系到教学效果的好坏,本文通过抽样问卷调查本校学生思想政治学习兴趣的现状,提出了激发学生学习兴趣的五条途径,从而实现良好的教学效果.     

如何培养高职学生的自学能力

随着社会的发展,高职教育应运而生,怎样办好高等职业技术教育,是一个新课题.为了使高职毕业生在今后的工作中永葆活力,笔者认为培养高职学生的自学能力,是这个新课题的重要内容之一.     

高职学生思想现状及教育对策

高等职业教育近几年发展迅速,招生渠道广泛,学生个体存在差异性,在思想、学习、心理和综合能力等方面存在的问题比较突出,应根据高职学生的现状,从成才目标、人生价值观、心理健康等方面采取相应对策,加强思想政治教育。     

Material-appropriate processing: A contextualist approach to reading and studying strategies

Processing strategies or text adjuncts that are mnemonically effective with some types of text produce no benefits with other text types. A framework for understanding these seemingly inconsistent mnemonic effects across different types of text is presented. The framework suggests that two types of conceptual elaboration are important for free recall: individual-item processing and relational processing. The mnemonic effectiveness of text adjuncts or other manipulations to increase elaboration of a text will depend on: (1) the type of conceptual elaboration induced by the particular text adjunct or study strategy; (2) the type of elaboration invited by the text itself; and (3) the overlap between the processing induced by the text adjunct or study strategy and the processing invited by the text itself. Significant enhancement in recall is anticipated only to the extent that the text adjunct or study strategy encourages processing that is complementary to the processing invited by the material itself. The viability of this framework is demonstrated in a review of the pertinent literature on the mnemonic effects of encoding difficulty. Then, research stimulated by the framework that uses educationally relevant study and text adjuncts (embedded questions, outlining, adjunct pictures) is reviewed. Predictions generated by the framework are consistently upheld.     

浅谈高职院校和谐师生关系的构建

师生关系是学校教育过程中最基本的人际关系,师生关系的好坏直接影响教育活动的成败.高职院校部分学生具有自卑、孤独、焦虑、抑郁、困惑等心理特点.在亦师亦友型、管理型、放任自流型3种师生关系中,亦师亦友型是最受学生欢迎的类型.要构建和谐的师生关系需要教师尊重学生、善于沟通、有较强的人格魅力,同时,应转变观念,提倡赏识教育,创新教育模式.     

自然保护区与环境自净关系探讨

环境的自净能力是巨大的,认识、掌握、开发环境自净能力对控制污染,保护环境十分重要。根据生态平衡、生态系统的自动调节作用以及生物学中“多样性导致稳定性”原则,自然保护区在环境自净能力中具有更突出的作用。加强自然保护区的建设和布局对维持生态平衡,维护区域可持续发展具有重要意义。     

高职教学中提高英语交际能力的策略

高职英语教学中,提高学生的交际能力可从以下方面入手:坚持情境教学,提高课堂教学质量;组织交流活动,加强语言知识转化;注重文化输入,突破跨文化障碍。     

A constructivist approach to studying the bullwhip effect by simulating the supply chain

The Cider Game is a simulator for a supply chain-related learning environment. Its main feature is that it provides support to students in the constructivist discovery process when learning how to make logistics decisions, at the same time as noting the occurrence of the bullwhip phenomenon. This learning environment seeks a balance between direct instruction in the learning process on the part of the tutor, and a suitable and sufficient degree of freedom to regulate independent learning on the part of students. This article describes the basic learning mechanisms using the Cider Game and the graphical learning environments that it provides. We describe the functionality provided by this application, and analyse the effect over the rational understanding of the bullwhip phenomenon by the students and whether they are able to make decisions to minimise its impact, studying the differences when that decision-making learning is done individually or in groups.