Illustrations for Children: depth perception and economy of style

A way in which some economical pictures for children will tend to be perceived incorrectly or inadequately as far as spatial depth is concerned is described. Some children's perceptions of depth in diagrams which varied in kinds and amounts of information on depth were investigated. It was found that an economical illustration style which includes information on depth is possible and that this provides a simple way of alleviating the shortcomings of such a style.     

Infants' sensitivity to boundary flow information for depth at an edge

We investigated infants' sensitivity to a recently discovered kinetic depth cue, boundary flow. 5-month-old infants viewed computer-generated displays in which the relation between the motion of a boundary, indicating an edge, and 2 regions of dots on either side of the boundary, indicating surfaces, provided the only information specifying the order of the 2 surfaces in depth. Infants showed a significant reaching preference for the apparently nearer region of the display. Since previous research has demonstrated that infants reach more frequently for the nearer of 2 surfaces, this result indicates that 5-month-old infants are sensitive to boundary flow information for depth at an edge.     

围绕重点学科建设的高校图书馆信息服务

分三方面阐述如何深化图书馆信息服务 ,以促进重点学科建设 :1 建立全面系统的文献信息保障 ;2 主动开展深层次的情报信息服务 ;3 营造良好的服务条件。     

网络环境下的高校图书馆服务工作

随着网络信息时代的到来，高校图书馆的服务模式发生了根本性改变。高校图书馆的业务无论是范围还是深度都有了很大的变化。在网络环境下，高校图书馆除开展好新形式的信息服务外，还应组建馆藏特色数据库，积极开展本馆的网络信息资源建设，建立图书馆的网站或网页，特别应注重图书馆学、信息技术复合人才的培养。     

课堂教学大数据采集与分析平台架构及关键技术研究

针对传统课堂教学分析中存在的信息采集不全面,教学行为或信息流标注转化复杂度高、耗时大,数据采集主观影响大、通用性差等问题,提出了基于大数据的高校课堂教学分析平台,并深入研究了平台架构及关键技术,有利于推动教育与信息技术的深度融合发展,指导教学改进,提升教学质量。     

基于改进 AdaIN 的图像风格迁移

图像风格迁移技术是指给定内容图和风格图,利用机器学习算法将内容图渲染成具有艺术风格的画作。针对传统图像风格迁移算法无法兼顾速度与生成图像质量等问题,基于 AdaIN 算法,提出 AdaIN 改进算法。在原始 AdaIN 网络中加入内容图像的深度信息计算模块,提取内容图像的深度图,通过将迁移图像数据与深度图归一化处理后的数据按元素相乘的方法,突出内容图的深度信息,使得输出的风格迁移图像各深度下具有不同的风格化程度。实验表明,相较于 Gatys 等种传统风格迁移算法,AdaIN 改进算法在运行时间上可降低约 11%;不需要针对每种风格单独训练网络,避免了模型重复训练;内容图像深度信息得以保存,提高了图像渲染质量。     

情绪影响认知实验研究的进展

情绪和认知的关系一直受到中外心理学家的普遍重视。情绪和认知系统是信息加工过程中的两个子系统,所有信息加工过程都含有情绪成分,情绪可以是信息加工的启动状态,也可以是信息加工的背景状态。这说明认知和情绪在人的心理活动过程中是紧密联系的。情绪影响认知实验研究的深入,对于揭示情绪与认知关系的规律及情绪调节等应用研究都具有重要意义。     

时间压力、任务类型对决策策略的影响

时间压力是影响决策的重要因素。本研究引入时间压力和任务类型变量探讨两者对决策策略的影响。结果显示：（1）高时间压力明显低于非时间压力信息搜索的深度,而重要任务决策的信息搜索深度要高于非重要任务的搜索深度;（2）无论在高时间压力还是非时间压力下,被试在进行重要任务决策时,倾向于采用代偿决策策略,即基于选项的加工;而在进行非重要任务决策时,被试所采用的策略是非代偿的,即基于属性的加工。     

岩体弹性模量沿地层埋深变化规律研究

利用国内外关于地应力的实测资料,通过数值方法探讨我国岩体的重要力学参数——弹性模量沿地层埋深的变化规律：10km埋深以上基本是线性增加的,在10km埋深附近会急剧减小.以丹江口地区为例,依据其表层地应力和岩体弹性模量的试验数据,利用我国岩体弹性模量沿地层埋深的变化规律,反演该区几种主要岩石在不同埋深处的弹性模量.     

第二代P2P系统模型的比较研究

第二代P2P系统模型由于其拓扑结构松散性,成为当前流行使用的P2P系统．本文中选择第二代P2P系统模型中的典型协议GnuteIla和Freenet进行深入研究,比较其相同点,并分别从设计目标、文件存储方法、文件查询方式、用户信息匿名程度这四个方面详细比较分析它们的不同．     

The ABC's of Classroom Discipline

The authors have been engaged in research focused on students' depth of learning as well as teachers' efforts to foster deep learning. Findings from a study examining the teaching practices and student learning outcomes of sixtyfour teachers in seventeen different states (Smith et al. 2005) indicated that most of the learning in these classrooms was characterized by reproduction, categorizing of information, or replication of a simple procedure. In addition to these and other findings, in this article, the authors provide a definition of surface and deep learning and describe the structure of the observed learning outcome taxonomy, which was used to evaluate depth of learning. The authors also provide implications for practitioners interested in fostering deep student learning.     

论新闻信息量

本文探讨了新闻信息量的含义与特征,从新闻信息量与新闻真实度、新闻新鲜度、新闻价值实现度、新闻报道深度、新闻导向度、新闻舆论监督的关系入手探讨了新闻信息量所蕴含的价值所在,并提出了增大新闻信息量的策略方法。     

会计信息失真的原因与对策

随着市场经济的发展和经济改革的不断深入,会计信息失真的问题表现得越来越突出,本文分析了会计信息失真的原因,并据此提出针对性的对策,制定切实可行的措施,保证会计信息的真实性。     

会计信息失真的原因与对策

随着市场经济的发展和经济改革的不断深入,会计信息失真的问题表现得越来越突出,本文分析了会计信息失真的原因,并据此提出针对性的对策,制定切实可行的措施,保证会计信息的真实性．     

智能搜索的极值的可拓性研究与应用

本文立足於对无信息搜索的深入分析和探讨，并结合无信息搜索中传统的宽度优先搜索和深度优先搜索的各自优缺点，提出全新的必须同时考虑有信息搜索即启发式搜索和无信息搜索相结合的综合技术的智能搜索、智能搜索极值和极值可拓性的概念问题．并给出这一系列全新的问题求解方法的典型应用课题存在的广泛前景。如公安人员对在逃罪犯的搜捕、撒网捕鱼或牧童攀枝摘桃过程之类的问题求解。     

网络环境下图书情报机构职能的拓展

网络环境下,图书情报机构的职能正向纵深拓展。在目前的条件下,图书情报机构不但要坚持常规文献信息的服务,更应当持续更新知识结构,调整工作重心,有计划地借助数字和网络技术加工和传递信息,建立高效的网络服务体系。     

A method to investigate agricultural information use by small‐scale Mauritian cattle keepers

Summary

A study of whether, and how, small‐scale cattle keepers in a selected village in Mauritius were managing information was conducted with respondents in 59 households. A qualitative approach was followed using ethnography based on direct and participant observation, in‐depth semi‐structured interviews and grounded theory. Postulated structures of information were used as a starting point for data collection to identify the actual structures, and associated management practices. An ‘OPI’ approach to respondents was followed, involving an outside ('O'), periphery ('P') and inside (T) approach. These were a succession of interactions of increasing depth. Triangulation gave to the responses more validity and reliability. Recording of data was done after the interviews and away from the households. Content analysis of the data established patterns, concepts and categories of structures to show how the information was being managed. The outcomes included new findings about aspects of financial management by these small‐scale and part‐time cattle keepers, of use to extension programmes. The method is suggested as a structured, formal process to guide extension workers or consultants in their understanding of the situations in which they work.     

Assessing depth of sociocognitive processing in peer groups' science discussions

The purpose of this study was to apply the depth of cognitive processing construct to a social constructivist analysis of students' collaborative knowledge building in science. Ten sensemaking discussions of five groups of 8th grade students in five physical science classrooms were analysed. Sense-making discussions were defined by the teachers as those in which students explained thier laboratory observations, or construted, applied, and refined conceptual models of the nature of matter. Discussion diagrams were used to depict both the conceptual content and the reasoning processes within the peer groups' discussions. Depth of processing was judged by the extent to which students elaborated on and connected ideas, scrutinised and clarified propositions, constructed explanations rather than reiterated observations, and backed explanations with evidence. Two of the groups tended to process information on a surface level, while the other three groups tended to engage in deeper processing. The interplay of depth of sociocognitive processing with the motivational, cognitive, and discursive elements of groups' interactions are discussed, as is the relationship between accuracy of ideas and depth of processing. Finally, suggestions are made for how both student and teacher strategies can be enhanced to increase students' depth of sociocognitive processing when they collaboratively build knowledge with their peers.     

高中信息技术教学略论

随着信息社会的到来,以计算机和网络为核心的现代信息技术的不断发展,正越来越深刻地改变着我们的生产、生活、工作和学习方式,它成了当今世界经济和社会发展的大趋势,各国纷纷把信息技术教育放到了提高国际竞争能力的战略地位,其应用的广度与深度已成为衡量一个国家科学技术和经济发展水平的一个重要标志。 为了加快我国中小学普及信息技术教育的步伐,教育部已于2000年发布了《关于加快中小学信息技术课程建设的指导意见》,并决定在2001年底前,全国普通高级中学和大中城市的初级中学都要开设信息技术必修课,并将其作为我国面向21世纪增强国际竞争力、提高全民素质、培养具有信息素质和创造素质的新型人才的一项重要举措。     

信息素养教育现状调查与改革思路

由于传统的信息素养教育侧重于计算机操作技术的传授,因此涉及的信息素养知识的深度和广度是有限的。而实施信息素养教育与专业课程教学整合的模式,能将学生专业技能的发展与信息素养的教育有机结合起来,为信息时代高校学生的终身学习奠定坚实的基础。