论网络文学的艺术审美

网络文学是传统文学与数字化网络世界相互碰撞的产物,是继口头文学、书目文学之后的第三种文学形态。由于载体的特殊性和阅读者的广泛性,它呈现出审美动机的游戏化、审美标准的大众化和审美形式的多元化等美学特征,这也为网络文学带来了更广阔的生存空间和更大的发展压力。     

反思网络文学

网络文学作为一种新的文学样式,虽然在创作主体、传播方式、接受主体等方面表现出了新的特征,但是它并没有重构新的文学价值理念,从整体上看,网络文学是理想与缺失的交织,因此,仍需在网络的众生喧哗声中整合新的文化品味,提升其审美品质,拓展新的审美视野。网络文学颠覆了传统文学的准则和规范,但颠覆也蕴含着新机遇,这里对网络文学的现状进行反思。     

反思网络文学

网络文学作为一种新的文学样式,虽然在创作主体、传播方式、接受主体等方面表现出了新的特征,但是它并没有重构新的文学价值理念,从整体上看,网络文学是理想与缺失的交织,因此,仍需在网络的众生喧哗声中整合新的文化品味,提升其审美品质,拓展新的审美视野。网络文学颠覆了传统文学的准则和规范,但颠覆也蕴含着新机遇,这里对网络文学的现状进行反思。     

试论网络文学审美的特殊性及其审美缺陷

网络文学因其存在方式的特殊性显示出不同于传统文学的审美特性；互动性的审美方式；快感式的审美体验；生命本真的审美内涵和艺术欣赏的多维审美角度。网络文学在具有一定的观赏性的同时,也有不可回避的审美缺陷。     

网络文学经典化问题浅析

近几年来,许多电视剧吸引着我们的眼球,例如《花千骨》,《锦绣未央》等。这些爆红的电视剧都改编自网络文学作品。文学经典,无论是纸质文学还是网络文学都是代表文学标高的典范,文学的发展必须走经典化的道路,因此,网络文学经典化是一个无可回避的问题。网络文学经典,只有既保存了网络自由开放的特点,又包含中华文化优秀的精髓,文采出众,审美与价值观正确的网络文学作品,才能堪称网络文学经典之作。本文主要探讨网络文学经典内涵、网络文学经典化存在的问题以及网络文学经典化途径等问题,为网络文学经典化提出自己几点浅显的看法。     

浅谈网络文学媒介对网络主体的影响意义

随着网络媒体的出现,网络小说的兴起,互联网已经逐渐成为人们生活中的一部分。“网络文学”这个范畴也开始纳入文学研究的视野之内。发展到今天,网络已经成为文学的重要传播媒介;当然也是网络文学最主要的传播媒介。由于网络文学本身尚处于发展阶段,其自身的要素还有许多不成熟、不稳定有待于发展的地方,但是有一点是毋庸置疑的,网络给传统文学带来了多方面、不同层次的影响。文学作为一种社会的现象,与社会中的人是分不开的。那么,网络文学一种新的文学传播媒介,其对文学主体的影响又是怎样的呢？这种影响对文学本身又有怎样的意义呢？其是否改变了文学的本质？这些问题,各家从不同的方面入手,各有所说,尚无统一的定论。本文将借鉴社会心理学的一些观点,主要探讨网络传播媒介对文学接受主体的影响,并对此影响进行了初步的分析,认为网络成为传播媒介,使得网络文学,本质中审美的要素下降,娱乐性的成分上升。在本文中,在讨论网络主体的整体特征的基础上,将网络文学的接受者和传统文学的接受者作简单的比较,并运用社会心理学的相关理论分析网络文学接受者特有的心理特征,重点探讨网络对网络文学接受者造成的特殊影响。     

网络文学语言的美学特色与局限

作为新生事物,网络文学伴随网络的全面铺开而蔚为大观。网络文学在短短几十年的时间内形成了自己的风格和特色,尤其在语言运用上。本文从独特话语体制的欢欣美,超拔抢眼的陌生美,避繁就简的简约美等几个层面探究了网络文学的语言审美取向。本文认为,网络文学语言的应用丰富了传统汉语文学语言的实践,极大地丰富了汉语文学创作的视阈,但网络文学语言的应用中存在令人隐忧的问题,解决这些问题,网络文学才能健康发展。     

什么是网络文学?

网络文学是信息时代传统文学和电脑网络碰撞的产物,随着电脑网络的延伸和普及,我国网民的大幅度增长,网络文学得到了迅猛的发展,由于它具有的独特性、前沿性和复杂性,所以网络文学在人们的眼中仍似雾里看花,并成为新世纪文学研究的热点之一。     

漫议网络小说的审美追求

现今网络小说百草齐放、杂花丛生。对网络小说可以从三个层面去理解：从广义上看,网络文学是指经电子化处理后所有上网的文学作品,即在互联网上传播的文学都是网络文学,这样的网络文学同传统文学仅仅只有媒介载体的区别。     

漫议网络小说的审美追求

现今网络小说百草齐放、杂花丛生。对网络小说可以从三个层面去理解：从广义上看,网络文学是指经电子化处理后所有上网的文学作品,即在互联网上传播的文学都是网络文学,这样的网络文学同传统文学仅仅只有媒介载体的区别。     

Students' Reactions to the Introduction of Videoconferencing for Classroom Instruction

This study examined how students who had no prior experience with videoconferencing would react to the use of videoconferencing as an instructional medium. Students enrolled in seven different courses completed a questionnaire at the beginning of the semester and again at the end of the semester. Students at the origination and remote sites did not differ in their reactions toward videoconferencing but there was a significant difference for gender. Women reacted less favorably to videoconferencing. Compared to the beginning of the semester, students reported significantly less positive attitudes toward taking a course through videoconferencing at the end of the semester. There were no significant differences in students' attitudes toward videoconferencing across courses at the beginning of the semester but there were significant differences across the courses at the end of the semester. The results suggest the need for better preparation for both students and instructors.     

Cooler temperatures inductive to locust outbreaks

Ajoint study by Prof. ZHANG Zhibin from the CAS Institute of Zoology and his co-workers from Norway, US and Swiss have indicated that historical outbreaks of migratory locusts in China were associated with cold spells, suggesting that China＇s projected climate warming could decrease the pest＇s numbers. The study was published in Proceedings of theNational Academy of Sciences on 17 September, 2007.     

Exploring Multiplexity: Social Network Structures in a Computer-Supported Distance Learning Class

A computer-mediated group is a complex entity whose members exchange many types of information via multiple means of communication in pursuit of goals specific to their environment. Over time, they coordinate technical features of media with locally enacted use to achieve a viable working arrangement. To explore this complex interaction, a case study is presented of the social networks of interactions and media use among members of a class of computer-supported distance learners. Results show how group structures associated with project teams dominated who communicated with whom, about what, and via which media over the term, and how media came to occupy their own communication niches: Webboard for diffuse class-wide communication; Internet Relay Chat more to named others but still for general communication across the class; and e-mail primarily for intrateam communication. Face-to-face interaction, occurring only during a short on-campus session, appears to have had a catalytic effect on social and emotional exchanges. Results suggest the need to structure exchanges to balance class-wide sharing of ideas with subgroup interactions that facilitate project completion, and to provide media that support these two modes of interaction.     

The Role of Intermediating Institutions in the Diffusion of Electronic Data Interchange (EDI): How Industry Associations Intervened in Denmark, Finland, and Hong Kong

Electronic data interchange (EDI) provides means for interorganizational communication, creates network externalities, requires an advanced information technology (IT) infrastructure, and relies on standards. In the diffusion of such innovations, institutional involvement is imperative. Such institutions contain governmental agencies, national and global standardization organizations, local government, and nonprofit private organizations like industry associations. The last type of organizations we call intermediating institutions. They intermediate or coordinate ("inscribe") the activities of a group of would-be adopters. Unfortunately, little is known of how these organizations shape the EDI diffusion trajectory. In this article we examine one specific type of intermediating organizations?industry associations?and how they advanced the EDI diffusion process in the grocery sectors of Hong Kong, Denmark and Finland. We identify six institutional measures, placed into a matrix formed by the mode of involvement (influence vs. regulation) and the type of diffusion force (supply push vs. demand pull), that can be mobilized to further the EDI diffusion. Industry associations were found to be active users of all these measures to varying degrees. Their role was critical especially in knowledge building, knowledge deployment, and standard setting. Furthermore, institutional involvement varied due to policy and cultural contingencies and power dependencies.     

Low doses of a red wine ingredient figh diabetes in mice

Aresearch group led by Prof. ZHAI Qiwei from the Institute for Nutritional Sciences under the CAS Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences has discovered that even relatively low doses of resveratrol--a chemical found in the skins of red grapes and in red wine--can improve the sensitivity of mice to the hormone insulin, according to a report in the October,2007 issue of Cell Metabolism. As insulin resistance is often characterized as the most critical factor contributing to the development of Type 2 diabetes, the findings“provide a potential new therapeutic approach for preventing or treating” both conditions, the researchers said.     

How Electronic Publishers are Protecting Against Piracy: Doubts About Technical Systems of Protection

The increasing prospects of digital piracy has prompted the perceived need by electronic publishers to adopt technical systems of protection, and governments to reform their copyright laws. This article is a preliminary study of the management of intellectual property by electronic publishers, defined as those involved in the production of online databases, and CD-ROMs. It focuses on three main issues: (1) how electronic publishers view the increasing threat of piracy; (2) the methods of protection employed to protect intellectual property in digital format; and (3) the importance of technological protection of intellectual property in electronic publications. The analysis is based on a sample of 23 UK electronic publishers. The interviews revealed an interesting assortment of protection methods and did not show that technological protection was a preferred way. Instead, the means of protection, in addition to copyright law, comprised niche markets, pricing, trust, bad publicity, and nontechnical and technical means.     

Rough Justice: A Statistical Assessment of ICANN's Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy

Long-standing conflict between domain name registrants and trademark holders prompted the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to create a global, mandatory arbitration procedure known as the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP). The UDRP has been used in 2166 cases involving 3938 domain names as of 1 November 2000. The policy gives the initiator of a complaint, generally a trademark holder, the right to choose which ICANN-accredited dispute resolution service provider (RSP) will handle the case. During the preparation of the UDRP,some feared that complainant selection would lead to "forum shopping" that might bias the results. This article performs a statistical assessment of the forum-shopping thesis and finds support for it. There are statistically significant differences in the various RSPs' propensity to take away names from defendants; there are also major differences in the number of cases brought to each RSP. RSPs who take away names have the larger share of cases. The study examines other variables that might explain differences in market share, such as price, the plaintiff's nationality, or the time taken to decide a case. It finds that nationality and time also are correlated with market share. The study concludes that shopping for a favorable outcome is an important factor in the UDRP.     

Prevalence of soft neurological signs in Chinese people

Prof. Raymond C.K. Chen, a neuropsychologist with the CAS Institute of Psychology, has made novel progress in his studies of schizophrenia. His work has been reported by a recent issue of Behavioural Neurology.     

Molecular motor assembly of a biomimetic system

Active biological molecules and functional structures can be fabricated into a bio-mimetic system by using molecular assembly method. Such materials can be used for the drug delivery, disease diagnosis and therapy, and new nanodevice construction.     

Monoculture Rubber Plantations Have Negative Ef ects on Controlling Splash Erosion

<正>In Xishuangbanna,one of China’s most biodiverse regions,landscape has changed dramatically during the past three decades due to the conversion of tropical rainforest to rubber plantations.In steep areas,terraces are often constructed before planting rubber trees,which causes two important changes in the soil:the destabilization of soil in the bench terraces and the increased vulnerability of unvegetated riser faces to erosion.Few studies have documented the nature and intensity of erosion on bench terraces.Prof.LIU Wenjie and his colleagues from the Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden(XTBG)conducted a study in Menglun County(21°5′39″N,101°15′55″E),Xishuangbanna to evaluate the influence