价格谈判模拟实训的探索——基于实际教学环节的描述

价格谈判教学模拟实训，展示了产品的介绍、报价、解释、评论等谈判环节，提供了商务谈判专题内容的模拟实训范例，创造了师生的共同参与的平台和新角色尝试的机会，使学生体验了市场微观经济主体的营销运作。而学生作业时间的仓促，产品成本计算的欠规范，游戏规则潜藏的欠公平公正等亟待改进之处，为今后开展类似的教学模拟实训提供了参考。     

会计模拟实训应处理好几个关系

探讨了中职学校会计模拟实训教学的有关问题,分析了现阶段许多学校会计模拟实训教学存在的一些具体问题,提出了在会计模拟实训过程中需要注意处理好会计实训教学与理论教学的关系、会计手工操作与电算化的关系、会计校内实训与校外实习的关系。     

中职《会计模拟实训》课程教学相关问题探析

就中职学校会计模拟实训课程教学的相关问题进行了探讨,分析了会计模拟实训课程与传统会计理论教学的关系、实训教材和实训内容的选择、实训过程的组织和管理等具体问题,提出了在会计模拟实训过程中需要注意的几个细节。     

会计模拟综合实训教学评价中的问题及对策探讨

会计模拟综合实训是高等院校会计专业教学的重要组成内容,因而优化会计模拟综合实训教学,对于提升高等院校会计教学成效和发展学生综合会计实践能力有着重要的意义,本文分析了高职院校会计模拟综合实训教学评价中的现有问题,并就如何完善教学评价体系提出了一些对策。     

工商管理专业模拟实训教学模式研究

随着工商管理专业教学改革的不断深化,在专业教学中引入模拟实训教学模式,是当前工商管理专业实践能力培养迫切需要解决的问题。本文首先分析了工商管理专业模拟实训教学的现实意义,然后从物质基础和软件开发两方面分析了建立模拟实训教学模式的可行性,提出模拟实训教学模式设计的情景化、系统化和互动性原则,并以此构建了工商管理专业模拟实训教学模式。     

职业技术教育主题式模拟实训教学设想

职业技术教育的培养目标是具有综合职业素质的应用型、技能型人才。这就决定了它的模拟实训教学必须以职业问题为中心,以实际操作为培养能力的途径,以学生的全面发展为目的。文章在分析目前职业技术教育模拟实训不足的基础上,提出了主题式模拟实训教学内涵和主要类型以及主题式模拟实训教学的要点。     

投资理财类专业实训教学方法改革研究

中分析了投资理财类专业传统实训教学存在的问题，阐述了通过实践证明提高实训教学效果的实训教学方法，如案例教学法、模拟教学法、社会调查法、模拟操盘比赛法、计算机辅助教学法、因材施教法等；并提出在实训教学过程中还应重视实训室的开放和实训教学的各个环节。     

高校会计综合模拟实训教学探究

会计综合模拟实训是会计专业进行能力培养的专业实训课程。它不仅是学生理论与实际操作相结合的教学过程,也是其毕业前一次综合的仿真实践活动。本文从会计综合模拟实训的意义、作用着手,对实训教学的设计、实现、测评以及教学中遇到的问题进行了深入探讨,并提出了解决问题的建议,为高校会计综合模拟实训教学提供了借鉴,具有一定的现实意义。     

刍议基础会计实训教学改革

传统的会计手工模拟实训越来越难以满足高等院校会计学专业教学的需要,因此,强化会计手工模拟实训教学是本科院校培养实用型专业人才的当务之急。本文针对现阶段基础会计手工实训教学存在的问题提出了几点改进对策及方法。     

高职院校会计综合模拟实训教学的完善

会计综合模拟实训是一种将会计理论与实践成功结合的会计教学方式,在培养学生的实践操作能力、掌握操作技能和会计核算方法等方面具有极为重要的作用,目前已经被各类院校广泛应用于其财会专业的实践教学环节中.本文探讨了高职院校会计综合模拟实训教学的意义,并针对当前高职院校会计综合模拟实训教学中存在的问题,提出了完善会计综合模拟实训教学的对策和建议.     

钦州湾表层海水温度盐度及pH值时空变化

根据2009年春夏秋冬4个季节调查资料,分析钦州湾表层海水温度、盐度及pH值的季节变化和分布特征。结果表明：钦州湾海水平均温度春季20．4℃,夏季30．1℃,秋季16．0℃,冬季14．6℃,变化特征与气温的季节变化相同,空间分布为夏秋季河口区的水温都略高于湾口区,而春冬季则相反。海水平均盐度春季20．067,夏季17．975,秋季23．864,冬季23．660,表现为秋季〉冬季〉春季〉夏季,各季节空间分布总体表现为河口区低,湾口区高的趋势。海水pH平均值春季7．82,夏季8．11,秋季8．01,冬季8．10,全年空间分布高值区均出现在大风江口外海域。钦州湾海水比较适宜大蚝、对虾、文蛤等广温广盐性品种的海水养殖。     

Emotional abuse in childhood and suicidality: The mediating roles of re-victimization and depressive symptoms in adulthood

This study examined the effects of emotional abuse in childhood, along with physical and sexual abuse, on suicidality in adulthood, and whether and how emotional abuse and depressive symptoms in adulthood mediate the association between the childhood emotional abuse and suicidality. The data were drawn from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey, a nationally representative survey with a multistage area proportional probability sampling method. Random effects regression and the Sobel test were used to analyze the relationships between childhood emotional abuse and suicidality and the mediating effects. Random effects models showed that emotional abuse in childhood was positively associated with suicidality in adulthood, even after controlling for physical and sexual abuse in childhood. Emotional abuse and depressive symptoms in adulthood mediated the association between emotional abuse in childhood and suicidality. Depressive symptoms also mediated between emotional abuse in adulthood and suicidality. These findings suggest that emotional abuse in childhood has indirect harmful effects on suicidality in adulthood. It increases suicidality through higher occurrences of re-victimization and depressive symptoms in adulthood. Practitioners and policy makers should recognize that experiences of emotional abuse in childhood may result in re-victimization in adulthood, which, in turn, lead to suicidality. Early intervention programs to reduce the likelihood of experiencing re-victimization may be critical for people exposed to emotional abuse in childhood.     

《周易》贵生思想的形上分析

阴阳是《周易》里面最重要的一对核心命题,是理解《周易》思想的一把钥匙;并且它还是世事万物得以生的根本要素和动力。《周易》里面对生的理解和论述的形上意味比较浓而深刻,整个宇宙的天地人都在一个生机勃勃的大体系中,贯穿在永恒的易理的主题思想里。本文从《周易》最核心的阴阳观念入手,来探讨《周易》里面关于生的易理,分析《周易》关于万物为什么生、如何生以及生的状态和目标等方面的内容,从而揭示出《周易》的贵生思想的人本主义情怀。     

孔子的语言观和语言美

孔子是哲学大师,亦是语言大师。《论语》的巨大影响,在于其思想之精深,亦在于其语言之魅力。孔子的语言观具有几个特点：一是言行一致,二是名实一致,三是文质一致,四是时中的方法,五是老实的态度。孔子的语言具有多方面的美学特征：一是匀称美,二是气势美,三是弹性美,四是睿智美,五是自然美,六是崇高美,七是刚力美,八是人格美,九是无言美。孔子的语言观极具原创性,进而影响其思想;孔子的语言美颇有吸引力,进而传播其思想。其语言的深邃和美相得益彰,凸显孔子思想的伟大。     

慷慨见激昂 豪迈显悲壮——论盛唐边塞诗的崇高关学品格

本文论述了盛唐边塞诗歌所具有的美学品格。从四个层面分析了崇高特征：在人生理想实现中的投笔从戎的慷慨、激越美；在边塞生活中雪原大漠的奇特、萧瑟美；在建功事业中的穿越异域的从容、悲壮美；在现实悲怆中思乡恋土的人性、豪迈美。     

20世纪90年代我国区域高等教育公平与效率变化的实证研究

公平和效率是各国高等教育发展中存在的重要问题之一。一般认为公平和效率在理论上和宏观上是可以统一的，并能够得到协调发展和可持续发展。然而，从微观和实践层面上分析却往往会发现存在一种矛盾现象，似乎是一个不可调和的两难问题。我国省(市)高等教育发展的公平与效率就是当前急需关注的一个典型的、具体的问题。通过对反映我国1999年和2000年各省(市)高等教育和经济发展状况的多指标进行聚类、相关等统计分析，考察了我国20世纪90年代高等教育区域公平和效率的发展变化特征，并通过对二者量化关系的揭示，对我国省(市)20世纪90年代高等教育公平与效率问题进行了实证分析和评估，并对我国未来省(市)高等教育的进一步发展提出了相应的对策和建议。     

A comparative examination of schools' responses to bereavement and the associated needs of the school community in Galway,West of Ireland and Derry,Northern Ireland

The aim and objective of this study is to examine and compare how schools in Galway, Republic of Ireland and Derry in the North of Ireland (cities located within two independent jurisdictions in Ireland) manage and respond to bereavement. To carry out a survey of schools, the ‘Loss in Schools’ questionnaire is considered the most suitable tool. The questionnaire, which contains 10 questions designed to unearth pertinent issues including the needs and concerns of schools, had previously been administered in studies in Hull. Sixty questionnaires were administered in both Galway and Derry, with a return of 38 and 35, respectively. This study illuminates important aspects of the topic. The schools in both Galway and Derry rate bereavement (and parental separation) as highly important in terms of priorities. In terms of policy, some of the respondents in both study sites report that loss is included in their school's policy documents but not formally included in the curriculum. A designated staff member (who would speak to the pupil experiencing the death of a family member or significant other) is evident in 37% of Derry schools and 23% of Galway schools. Some members of staff in both study sites have attended training in bereavement, although the courses are relatively short term. Schools request assistance from other agencies outside the formal schools arena in times of need. In Galway the psychology services are most commonly consulted, while in Derry the Western Education and Library Board Bereavement Counselling teams and Cruse Bereavement Care are identified as additional resources from which help is sought. This paper outlines recommendations on schools' training needs in the area of child bereavement and the request for support to help further develop and formalise school policies.     

Trust in top management and immediate supervisor: The relationship to satisfaction,perceived organizational effectiveness,and information receiving

Utilizing 2068 individuals in 60 organizations in the U.S. and Italy, this study (a) examines the overall relationship between trust in top management and immediate supervisor and overall estimates of satisfaction and perceived organizational effectiveness, (b) compares the amount of variance in satisfaction and effectiveness that can be explained by trust in top management to the amount of variance explained by trust in immediate supervisor, and (c) clarifies the role of information receiving as a predictor of trust in top management and immediate supervisor. Results of a canonical correlation analysis indicated that the canonical equation explained 49% of the variance in the linear composites (Canonical R = .69, p < .001). Trust in top management was more strongly associated with satisfaction and effectiveness than was trust in immediate supervisor. Tzvo separate multiple regression analyses indicated that after controlling for geographic location of company and type of industry, information received about job and organizational issues uniquely explained 26% of the variance in trust in top management and 13% of the variance in trust in immediate supervisor.     

National modernisation and global science in China

The paper reviews the rapid growth and improvement of science in China since Deng Xiaoping’s reforms in the 1980s and especially in the last two decades, situating the achievement and its limitations in the contexts of both the global science system, and national policy and strategy. The key is the effective combination of national science with global science. Science in China has worked to global norms while remaining nested in national government and Sinic governance, in which Confucianism and Legalism are combined with Leninism. The paper reflects on trends in investment in R&D, the number of published papers, discipline balance, national and global networking, and policies on cross-border partnerships and mobility. China has established a strong autonomous position at world level in science that is partly separated from the intensively networked Euro-American systems but has benefitted especially from a mutually productive relationship with the United States. However, that relationship is now in question.     

北京话旁称代词的历时嬗变（1750—1950）（上）

自18世纪中叶到20世纪中叶,北京话旁称代词系统在句法、语义上呈现出了比较明显的发展变化,这种发展变化在三个时期的三部典型的北京话文献《红楼梦》《儿女英雄传》《正红旗下》中得到了充分的反映。就旁称代词系统而言,历时嬗变的发生轨迹是：由18世纪中叶的＂别人、人家、别人家、他人、旁人＂阵容切换到了19世纪中叶的＂人家、别人、他人、旁人＂阵容,并最终切换到了20纪中叶的＂别人、人家＂阵容,期间的此消彼长、删汰整合昭然。就旁称代词个体而言,历时嬗变的发生轨迹是：1.＂别人＂由18世纪的炙热到19世纪的没落,再到20世纪的重新走强;2＂.人家＂由18世纪的初露锋芒到19世纪的首度大大超越＂别人＂而一枝独秀,再到20世纪与＂别人＂的平分天下;3＂.他人＂这个曾经在相当长的时段内的旁称代词家族的宠儿由18世纪的颓势已现到19世纪的英雄末路,直至20世纪的难觅踪影;4.不温不火一路走来的＂旁人＂由18世纪的衰落到19世纪的走向没落,直至20世纪的淡出我们的视线;5.产生于元代的＂别人家＂由18世纪的衰弱到19世纪的没落,直至20世纪的只留存在部分方言中而在北京话中彻底消亡。